Calcification rates of crustose coralline algae (CCA) derived from calcification accretion units (CAUs) deployed at coral reef sites in Timor-Leste from 2012-10-15 to 2014-10-09 (NCEI Accession 0170031)
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title: Calcification rates of crustose coralline algae (CCA) derived from calcification accretion units (CAUs) deployed at coral reef sites in Timor-Leste from 2012-10-15 to 2014-10-09 (NCEI Accession 0170031)
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abstract: The calcification rate data described here were collected by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) from calcification accretion units, or CAUs, moored for two years at fixed climate survey sites and located on hard bottom shallow water (< 15 m) habitats in Timor-Leste, in accordance with protocols developed by Price et al. (2012). Five CAUs were deployed at each survey site. Climate sites were established in Timor-Leste by CREP in October 2012 to establish ecological baselines for climate change by measuring multiple features of the coral reef environment (in addition to the data described herein) over time. CAUs, constructed in-house by CREP, are composed of two 10 x 10 cm flat, square, gray PVC plates, stacked 1 cm apart, and are attached to the benthos by SCUBA divers using stainless steel threaded rods. Deployed on the seafloor for a period of time, calcareous organisms, primarily crustose coralline algae and encrusting corals, recruit to these plates and accrete/calcify carbonate skeletons over time. By measuring the change in weight of the CAUs, the reef carbonate accretion rate can be calculated for that time period, measured in grams per centimeter per year. Laboratory experiments reveal calcification rates of crustose coralline algae (CCA) are strongly correlated to seawater aragonite saturation state. Predictions of reduced coral calcification rates, due to ocean acidification, suggest that coral reef communities will undergo ecological phase shifts as calcifying organisms are negatively impacted by changing seawater chemistry. CAUs are used by CREP to assess the current effects of changes in seawater carbonate chemistry on calcification and accretion rates of calcareous and fleshy algae. These calcification rate data for Timor-Leste, along with other data collected at the climate survey sites (water temperature and chemistry, invertebrate biodiversity, and benthic cover, all archived separately), serve as a baseline for detecting changes associated with changing seawater chemistry and can be used to help scientists assess and understand how Timor-Leste's coral reefs are responding to ocean acidification.
purpose: In 2011, NOAA and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Timor-Leste Mission formed a 5-year bi-lateral partnership agreement from 2012 to 2016, in support of the Government of Timor-Leste—particularly the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (MAF)—by addressing significant information gaps in their nearshore marine ecosystems. Specifically, MAF asked NOAA to address the following questions: 1. Where are the nearshore marine resources? 2. What are the nearshore marine resources? 3. How are they changing over time and what threats are potentially causing these changes? 4. What approaches are needed to manage and conserve the nearshore marine resources? With financial support from USAID and in-kind support from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP), the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) conducted baseline ecosystem assessment surveys to inform ecosystem-based management planning in Timor-Leste. The primary activities conducted by NOAA to answer these questions included: 1. satellite mapping of nearshore habitats, 2. conducting coral reef ecosystem assessments, 3. establishing ecological baselines for climate change, and 4. building management capacity by developing a spatial data framework The calcification rate data described herein resulted from the third activity to establish ecological baselines for climate change. As the survey methods described and used herein are also implemented as part of the NOAA Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP)—an ecosystem-scale interdisciplinary coral reef monitoring program—the data from Timor-Leste are directly comparable to and informed by data collected by NOAA-CREP throughout the U.S. Pacific Islands and Territories. Furthermore, the methods used for establishing ecological baselines for climate change in Timor-Leste (Chapter 4) are being adopted and implemented at 21 sites across eight member states of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission within the Western Pacific (WESTPAC) region. These data provide a foundation for comparing the ecological baselines under current and future stresses associated with climate change in the Coral Triangle region.
credit: Related Funding Agency: US DOS; United States Agency for International Development
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useLimitation: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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