#TEMPORARY ACCESSION NUMBER:
#ACCESSION NUMBER:

#CONTRIBUTOR:
Dr. Isabella Abbott, principle investigator
Dr. Celia Smith, co-principle investigator

Support from graduate students:
Mr. Ryan Okano
Ms. Jennifer E. Smith

#CONTRIBUTOR INSTITUTION:
Botany Department
University of Hawaii at Manoa

contact information:
I.Abbott
3190 Maile Way, St. John 607A
808-956-8073

C.Smith
3190 Maile Way, St. John 614A
Honolulu, HI 96822
celia@hawaii.edu
808-956-6947

#ORIGINATOR:
same

#ORIGINATOR INSTITUTION:
same

#TITLE: 
Support for Macroalgal Ecology and Taxonomic Assessment
for Coral Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program Sites,
2000-2002 for the Hawaiian Islands.

#PROJECT FUNDING:
Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative

#ABSTRACT:
The role that marine algae play in a coral reef system is often overlooked 
because of lack of knowledge that they are the primary producers in the system.
The coral reef ecosystem in Hawaii contains about ten times more algal species 
than coral species, some of them regulating space that permits coral recruitment.  
This study took place during 2000-2002 at 44 sites for a total of 56
dives (each dive a unique day) on 7 of the major islands in Hawaii.  Most 
sites correspond to the Coral Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (CRAMP) 
locations, for which extensive monitioring of the coral and fish ecosystems have 
been undertaken from 1999-2002.

#PURPOSE:  
(0) To understand better the role that marine algae play in a coral reef systems
    of Hawaii.
(1) To generate an algal species list for each transect line, site and island
(2) Collect voucher specimens of all species encountered
    including alien species, rare species new records and/or new species
(3) To classify benthic habitat based on algal community structure
(4) To estimate abundance and percent cover of various algal
    functional forms and species on transect lines.

#LOCATION EXTREMES:
SOUTHERNMOST LATITUDE:  19.27
SOUTHERNMOST LATITUDE HEMISPHERE: N
NORTHERNMOST LATITUDE:  22.225
NORTHERNMOST LATITUDE HEMISPHERE: N
WESTERNMOST LONGITUDE: 159.727
WESTERNMOST LONGITUDE HEMISPHERE: W 
EASTERNMOST LONGITUDE: 154.817
EASTERNMOST LONGITUDE HEMISPHERE: W  

#LOCATION KEYWORDS:
Kauai, Oahu, Maui, Kahoolawe, Hawaii, North Pacific Ocean

#SAMPLING STATIONS: 

The locations of the sampling stations are given in
the following tables.

Table 1. Site positions given by the data originators
SITES (Big Island)          Latitude      Longitude      Depth
Hookena - Auau (whap)       19 17.873 N   155 53.393 W   37-50 ft
Honokohau (whap)            19 40.259 N   156 01.820 W   37-46 ft
Kailua - S. Oneo Bay (whap) 19 37.892 N   155 59.580 W   32-47 ft
Hookena - Kalahiki (whap)   19 22.149 N   155 53.844 W   31-39 ft
Kamilo (whap)               20 04.861 N   155 52.085 W   36-49 ft
Kaupulehu (whap)            19 50.637 N   155 58.858 W   34-42 ft
N. Keauhou (whap)           19 34.103 N   155 58.161 W   30-46 ft
Lapakahi (whap)             20 09.600 N   155 54.011 W   32-50 ft
Makalawena (whap)           19 47.790 N   156 01.973 W   31-37 ft
Papawai (whap)              19 38.835 N   156 01.379 W   29-44 ft
Wawaloli (whap)             19 42.000 N   155 02.996 W   41-50 ft
Wawaloli Beach (whap)       19 42.533 N   156 02.969 W   29-32 ft

*whap denotes that it is also a West Hawaii Aquarium Project
(HCRI) study site.

Table 2. CRAMP Overlap Sites
The following table was taken from the CRAMP 1999-2000 dataset
list (NODC Accession Number, 0000757).  The CRAMP DEPTH below
does not correspond to the depth of the algal samples, which
are given for some sites in the data file described below.
CRAMP sites in the list have been removed if they did not receive
algal monitoring.

CRAMP                         CRAMP                       CRAMP     CRAMP
SITE       LAT        LONG    DEPTH   ISLAND     SITE     1999       2000
CODE                            (M)              NAME
HaKpn04m 19 16.198 155 53.626  4.00  Hawaii    Kaapuna     12/10/99  none
HaKpn10m 19 16.198 155 53.649 10.00  Hawaii    Kaapuna     12/9/99   none

HaKaw10m 20 01.790 155 50.150 10.00  Hawaii    Kawaihae    none     none
 
HaLau03m 19 59.392 155 14.056  3.00  Hawaii    Laupahoehoe none     6/15/00
HaLau10m 19 59.461 155 14.027 10.00  Hawaii    Laupahoehoe none     6/15/00
 
HaLel03m 19 44.133 155 01.028  3.00  Hawaii    Leleiwi     none     6/16/00
HaLel10m 19 44.162 155 01.032 10.00  Hawaii    Leleiwi     none     6/16/00

MaOlo03m 20 48.505 156 36.693  3.00  Maui      Olowalu     7/12/99  8/18/00
MaOlo07m 20 48.363 156 36.733  7.00  Maui      Olowalu     7/12/99  8/17/00

MaPap04m 20 55.307 156 25.572  4.00  Maui      Papaula Pt. 8/19/99  8/11/00
MaPap10m 20 55.462 156 25.571 10.00  Maui      Papaula Pt. 8/19/99  8/11/00
 
KeHak03m 20 35.551 156 33.064  3.00  Kahoolawe Hakioawa    7/10/99  8/16/00
KeHak10m 20 35.569 156 33.050 10.00  Kahoolawe Hakioawa    7/10/99  8/16/00

MoKmo03m 21 02.496 156 53.837  3.00  Molokai   Kamalo      none     2/5/00
MoKmo10m 21 02.248 156 53.854 10.00  Molokai   Kamalo
 
MoPal03m 21 05.352 157 06.460  3.00  Molokai   Palaau      none     2/4/00
MoPal10m 21 05.223 157 06.510 10.00  Molokai   Palaau      none     2/4/00
 
MoKma03m 21 04.179 157 00.014  3.00  Molokai   Kamilioloa  none     2/4/00
MoKma10m 21 04.090 157 00.055 10.00  Molokai   Kamilioloa  none     2/4/00

OaHan03m 21 16.113 157 41.700  3.00  Oahu      Hanauma Bay 10/19/99 10/17/00
OaHan10m 21 16.055 157 41.643 10.00  Oahu      Hanauma Bay 10/19/99 10/17/00
 
OaHee02m 21 26.884 157 48.548  2.00  Oahu      Heeia       7/29/99  9/19/00
OaHee08m 21 26.884 157 48.547  8.00  Oahu      Heeia       8/10/99  9/26/00
 
OaKpi03m 21 22.391 158 08.553  3.00  Oahu      Kahe        11/23/99 none
                                               (Pili O)
OaKpo03m 21 21.396 157 07.974  3.00  Oahu      Kahe Point  10/7/99  none
 
OaMok02m 21 26.209 157 47.223  2.00  Oahu      Moku o Loe  9/6/99   9/12/00
OaMok09m 21 26.221 157 47.221  9.00  Oahu      Moku o Loe  9/6/99   9/12/00

OaKaa02m 21 22.391 157 49.851  2.00  Oahu      Kaalaea     7/28/99  10/24/00
OaKaa08m 21 28.609 157 49.848  8.00  Oahu      Kaalaea     7/2/99   9/26/00
                                               (Waiahole)

KaHan03m 22 12.656 159 30.727  3.00  Kauai     Hanalei     6/7/99   7/14/00
KaHan08m 22 12.703 159 30.721 10.00  Kauai     Hanalei     6/6/99   7/14/00

KaHoa03m 21 52.775 159 28.452  3.00  Kauai     Hoai        12/1/99  none
KaHoa10m 21 52.697 159 28.477 10.00  Kauai     Hoai        8/5/99   none
 
KaLim01m 22 13.489 159 34.755  1.00  Kauai     Limahuli    6/7/99   7/11/00
KaLim10m 22 13.544 159 34.755 10.00  Kauai     Limahuli    8/4/99   7/11/00
 
KaMil03m 22 08.778 159 43.562  3.00  Kauai     Milolii     8/3/99   7/13/00
KaMil10m 22 08.827 159 43.637 10.00  Kauai     Milolii     8/2/99   7/13/00
 
KaNua03m 22 09.641 159 42.102  3.00  Kauai     Nualolo Kai 8/3/99   7/12/00
KaNua10m 22 09.940 159 42.288 10.00  Kauai     Nualolo Kai 8/3/99   7/12/00

Table 3. Positions Estimated by P.Caldwell using descriptive
site locations given by R.Okano then pulling coordinates
from the Hawaii Atlas and Gazetteer (DeLorme, 1999).

 ISLAND    SITE          Latitude    Longitude
 Hawaii    Keokea        20 13.6     155 44.5
 Hawaii    LaupahoeNui   20 09.8     155 38.9
 Hawaii    Puhi          19 44.0     155 02.9
 Hawaii    Waiopae       19 29.5     154 49.0

 Maui      Hamoa         20 43.1     155 59.2
 Maui      Keoneoio      20 35.9     156 25.3
 Maui      Punalau       21 01.4     156 37.3

 Kahoolawe Halona        20 32.0     156 32.0
 Kahoolawe Makaalae      20 33.8     156 38.9

 Oahu      Keaulanas     21 22.3     158 08.4
 Oahu      Manana        21 19.7     157 39.7
 Oahu      Maunalua
 
#BEGIN AND END DATES: (YYYYMMDD)
20000118 - 20020802

#SAMPLING PERIODS:
see data file described below

#PARAMETERS: 
algal species name as function of site

#METHODOLOGY:
PROTOCOL: 
Species List and Voucher Specimens 

  During the benthic surveys, the algal team member will swim
transects and collect samples of as many macroalgal species as
possible. A 1 meter band on either side of the transect line will be
surveyed and assessed. The first time that a diver encounters an alga
on a transect line it will be collected and placed in a bag and as much
collection information as possible will be noted. For all subsequent
encounters the diver notes on his/her data sheet that the alga was seen
again. Any and all rare or unknown species will be collected. If the
divers have time at the end of a transect line they swim around and
look for any other species that they may have missed. All samples
collected in these surveys will be deposited as voucher specimens at
the Bishop Museum's phycological collection. 

Quantitative Algal Assessment
   As an integral component of the REA teams at least one
algal diver will quantify and assess the benthic community.
On each of the two 50 m transects that will be surveyed at
each site five random points along each transect will be
selected. At each of these locations, the point intercept
method is used to estimate percent cover in 10 randomly
placed quadrats along two 50 meter transect lines. These
quadrat are 1/4 m2 in size and a total of 20 intersections are
assessed per quadrat to quantify the benthic community.
This data will be then be used to develop a quantitative algal
database for the state of Hawaii and will be used in
conjunction with other types of data (i.e.Fish Communities)
to conduct multivariate community analyses. 

#INSTRUMENT TYPES:
SCUBA
Collection bags

#REFERENCES: 

#SUBMITTING MEDIUM:
MS Excel spreadsheet via email

#FILE FORMATS: 
Files:
HCRI-Report-1a.xls        MS ExcelSpreadsheet
HCRI-Report-1a.csv        copy as ASCII CSV form

MS Excel spreadsheet with self-explanatory columns.
Note, depth information for most sites is not provided.

#DATASET SIZE:
70 Kbytes

#NUMBER OF DATA UNITS:
44 sites, 56 unique transects

#MISCELLANEOUS:
Related Datasets in NOAA archive
NODC Accession Number      Dataset
0000757                    CRAMP 1999-2000 Coral data
0000758                    CRAMP 1999-2000 Fish data
0000513                    CRAMP 1999 Coral data 
                           set 0000757 replaces set 0000513
0000671                    CRAMP video images 1999
0000728                    CRAMP video images 2000
