Pertinent Literature

     Bellan-Santini, D., P.M. Arnaud, G. Bellan, and M.Verlaque. 1996.
     The influence of the introduced tropical alga, Caulerpa taxifolia
     on the biodiversity of the Mediterranean marine biota. J Mar Biol
     Ass U.K., 76: 235-237.

     Bolser, R.C., and M.E. Hay. 1996. Are tropical plants better
     defended? Palatability and defenses of temperate vs. tropical
     seaweeds. Ecology, 77(8): 2269-2286.

     Borowitzka, M.A. 1981. Algae and grazing in coral reef ecosystems.
     Endeavour, 5(3): 99-106.

     Brostoff, W. 1989 Avrainvillea amadelpha (Codiales, Chlorophyta)
     from Oahu Hawaii. Pac Sci 43:166-9.

     Carlton, J. T. and J. A. Scanlon. 1985. Progression and dispersal
     of an introduced alga: Codium fragile on the Atlantic coast of
     North America. Bot Mar, 28: 155-165.

     Choat, J.H. 1991. The biology of herbivorous fishes on coral
     reefs. In: P.F. Sale, ed., The Ecology of Fishes on Coral Reefs.
     Academic Press, San Diego.

     Doty, M.S. 1961. Acanthophora, a possible invader of the marine
     flora of Hawaii. Pac Sci, 15:547-52.

     Duffy, J.E. and M.E. Hay. 1990. Seaweed adaptations to herbivory.
     Bioscience, 40(5): 368-375.

     Ferrer, E., A.G. Garreta, M. A, Ribera. 1997. Effect of Caulerpa
     taxifolia on the productivity of two Mediterranian macrophytes.
     Mar Ecol Prog Ser, 149: 279-287.

     Hannisak, M. D. 1980. Codium: An invading seaweed. Maritimes,
     24:10-11.

     Hatcher, B. G. and A.W.D. Larkum. 1983. An experimental analysis
     of the factors controlling the standing crop of the epilithic
     algal community on a coral reef. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol, 69: 61-84.

     Hay, M.E., Q.E. Kappel, and W. Fenical. 1994. Synergisms in plant
     defenses against herbivores: interactions of chemistry,
     calcification and plant quality. Ecology, 75(6): 1714-1726.

     Hay, M. E. 1997. Calcified seaweeds on coral reefs: complex
     defenses, trophic relationships, and value as habitats. . Proc 8th
     Int Coral Reef Sym, 1: 713-718.

     Hixon, M.A. 1980. Competitive interactions between California reef
     fishes of the genus Ecol. 61:918-931.

     Hodgson, L.M. 1994. Maui algae project final report. Environmental
     planning office.

     Hourigan, T.F. 1986. An experimental removal of a territorial
     pomacentrid: effects on the occurrence and behavior of
     competitors. Env. Biol. Fishes 15(3): 161-169.

     Hunter, C.L. and C.W. Evans. 1995. Coral Reefs in Kaneohe Bay,
     Hawaii: Two centuries of western influence and two decades of
     data. Bull. Mar. Sci. 57(1):501-515.

     Jones, R.S. 1968. Ecological relationships in Hawaiian and
     Johnston Island Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes). Micronesica
     4:309-361.

     Larson, R.J. 1980. Competition, habitat selection, and the
     bathymetric segregation of two rockfish (Sebastes) species. Ecol.
     Monogr. 50:221-239.

     Littler, m.M. and D.S. Littler. 1984. Models of tropical reef
     biogenesis: the contribution of algae. Prog Phycol Res, 3:
     323-364.

     Maragos, J.E., M.E. Crosby and J.W. McManus. 1996. Coral reefs and
     biodiversity: a critical and threatened relationship.
     Oceanography, 9(1): 83-99.

     McClannahan, T.R. 1997. Primary succession of coral reef algae:
     differing patterns on fished vs. unfished reefs. J Exp Mar Biol
     Ecol, 218: 77-102.

     Meinesz, A., J. de Vaugelas, B. Hesse and X. Mari. 1993. Spread of
     the introduced tropical green alga Caulerpa taxifolia in northern
     Mediterranean waters. J of App Phycol, 5: 141-147.

     Paul, V. J. 1997. Secondary metabolites and calcium carbonate as
     defenses of calcareous algae on coral reefs. . Proc 8th Int Coral
     Reef Sym, 1: 707-712.

     Peyri, Claude. 1999. Pers. Comm.

     Randall, J.S. 1961. A contribution to the biology of the convict
     surgeonfish of the Hawaiian Islands, Acanthurus triostegus
     sandvicensis. Pac. Sci. 15:215-272.

     Ribera, M.A. 1995. Introduced marine plants, with special
     reference to macroalgae: mechanisms and impact. Prog Phycol Res,
     11:187-268.

     Rodgers, S. K. and E.F. Cox. In Press. The distributions of the
     introduced rhodophytes Kappaphycus alvarezii, Kappaphycus striatum
     and Gracilaria salicornia in relation to various physical and
     biological factors in Kane?ohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. Pac Sci.

     Russell, D.J. 1987. Introductions and establishment of alien
     marine algae. Bull Mar Sci, 42: 641-642.

     Russell, D. J. 1992. The ecological invasion of Hawaiian reefs by
     two marine red algae, Acanthophora spicifera and Hypnea
     musciformis, and their association with two native species,
     Laurencia nidifica and Hypnea cervicornis. ICES Mar Sci Symp,
     194:110-125.

     Schenkman, R.F. 1989. Hypnea musciformis: ecological influence on
     growth. J Phycol, 25: 192-196.

     Smith, J. E. 1998. Determination for baseline conditions for
     introduced marine species in nearshore waters on the island of
     Kaho?olawe, Hawaii. Bishop Museum Technical Report 14.

     Smith, J. E. In Prog. The marine algae of Molokini Shoal, Hawaii.
     Pac Sci.

     Smith, S.V., W.J. Kimmerer, E.A. Laws, R.E. Brock, and T.W. Walsh.
     1981. Kaneohe sewage diversion experiment: perspectives on
     ecosystem responses to nutritional perturbation. Pac Sci, 35(4):
     279-395.

     Steneck, R.S. 1997. Crustose corallines, other algal functional
     groups, herbivores and sediments: complex interactions along reef
     productivity gradients. Proc 8th Int Coral Reef Sym, 1: 695-700.

     Steven, A. And A.W.D. Larkum 1993. ENCORE: The effects of nutrient
     enrichment on coral reefs. Search, 24(8): 216-220.

     Stimson, J., S. Larned and K. McDermid. 1996. Seasonal growth of
     the coral reef macroalga Dictyosphaeria cavernosa and the effects
     of nutrient availability, temperature and herbivory on growth
     rate. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol, 196: 53-77.

     Tissot, B.N. and L.E. Hallacher. In Prog. Coral reef monitoring in
     Hawai'i and the role of ecology in adaptive management strategies.

     Trowbridge, C. D. 1995. The establishment of the green alga Codium
     fragile on New Zealand rocky shores: current distribution and
     invertebrate grazers. J of Ecol, 83:949-965.
