Metadata:
  Identification_Information:
    Citation:
      Citation_Information:
        Originator: Dr. Roger Lukas
        Publication_Date: Unknown
        Title: CTD Data of the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT)Program in the North Pacific 100 Miles North of Oahu, Hawaii for Cruises HOT122-154 during 2001-2003.
        Series_Information:
          Series_Name: None
          Issue_Identification: None
        Publication_Information:
          Publication_Place: Unpublished Material
          Publisher: Unpublished material
    Description:
      Abstract: The HOT program makes repeated observations of the physics, biology and chemistry at a site approximately 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii. Two stations are visited about once a month: Kahe Point (Station 1:  21.34N, 158.27W) and Station ALOHA (Station 2: 22.75N, 158W).  Various other stations are made intermittently in support of similar research objectives or mooring deployments.

HOT CTD data are collected using a SeaBird CTD 9-11 Plus with dual sensors at the maximum sampling rate of 24 samples per second (24 Hz). They are screened for errors and processed to 2-dbar averages.
      Purpose: The objective of the physical component of HOT is to describe and understand the ocean climate and variability at a deep-water site in the North Pacific subtropical gyre near Hawaii. This requires a long time series of physical
oceanographic variables, including water mass properties and currents, supporting and complementing the objectives of the biogeochemical component of HOT.
      Supplemental_Information: NOAASupplemental:
Entry_ID: Unknown
Sensor_Name: Seabird CTD
Source_Name: ship
Project_Campaign: Hawaii Ocean Time series (HOT)
Originating_Center: University of Hawaii
Storage_Medium: ASCII
Reference: None
Online_size: 28.697 Mbytes; 634 files
    Time_Period_of_Content:
      Time_Period_Information:
        Range_of_Dates/Times:
          Beginning_Date: 20010115
          Ending_Date: 20031222
      Currentness_Reference: ground condition
    Status:
      Progress: Complete
      Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: quasi-monthly cruises
    Spatial_Domain:
      Bounding_Coordinates:
        West_Bounding_Coordinate: -158.27
        East_Bounding_Coordinate: -158.00
        North_Bounding_Coordinate: 22.75
        South_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.34
    Keywords:
      Theme:
        Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
        Theme_Keyword: CTD
        Theme_Keyword: temperature
        Theme_Keyword: salinity
        Theme_Keyword: temperature and salinity profile
        Theme_Keyword: Transmission
        Theme_Keyword: Chloraphyl and pigment
        Theme_Keyword: oxygen
      Place:
        Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
        Place_Keyword: Hawaii Ocean Time Series (HOT)
        Place_Keyword: Station Aloha
        Place_Keyword: Kahe Point
        Place_Keyword: Kaena Point
        Place_Keyword: Oahu
        Place_Keyword: Hawaii
        Place_Keyword: HALE ALOHA
        Place_Keyword: Pacific
        Place_Keyword: central north Pacific
      Stratum:
        Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
        Stratum_Keyword: complete ocean profile surface to bottom
    Access_Constraints: None
    Use_Constraints: Dataset credit required
    Point_of_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Person_Primary:
          Contact_Person: Dr. Roger Lukas
          Contact_Organization: Department of Oceanography
School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology
University of Hawaii
        Contact_Position: Principal Investigator-- Physical data (non-ADCP)
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
          Address: 1000 Pope Rd
          Address: Marine Science Bldg. Room 418
          City: Honolulu
          State_or_Province: HI
          Postal_Code: 96822
          Country: USA
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-7892
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rlukas@soest.hawaii.edu
    Data_Set_Credit: 1) Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) (Lukas and Karl)
2) World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE)
(officially ended in 1998)
3) Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS)
HOT was initiated and funded through grants from the National Science
Foundation under the auspices of the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study
(JGOFS) and the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE). The
field phase of these programs has ended, but support from the Ocean
Sciences Division of NSF has enabled continuation of our basic HOT
measurement program until mid-2001. The PO component contributes to
the objectives of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Climate
Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) Programme by providing
information on interannual to decadal variability of the North
Pacific Ocean.

Data transfer to NOAA via the NODC/NCDDC Hawaii Liaison,
Mr.Patrick C. Caldwell.
    Native_Data_Set_Environment: ASCII text files, FORTRAN/C ready
  Data_Quality_Information:
    Logical_Consistency_Report: see methodology
    Completeness_Report: quality control completed
    Lineage:
      Process_Step:
        Process_Description: Each of the (approximately monthly) HOT cruises follows the same basic
pattern with some flexibility for ancillary projects to be done after the
core sampling has been completed. During transit from Honolulu to the
time-series station ALOHA (A Long-term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment) one
weight test is done to between 700 and 1000 m at station 1 off Kahe Point
(16 km offshore from the western tip of Oahu, 21 20.6' N, 158 16.4' W,
1500 m water depth). Following the successful winch test, a CTD/rosette cast
to 1000 m is conducted. This cast serves as a "shakedown" for the remainder
of the cruise, and the functioning of the components of the CTD/rosette
system as well as coordination between winch, deck and console operators can
be tested. The training of new personnel in activities such as taking
meteorological observations, and sampling salinities is also done in this
station. The data taken at Kahe Point (station 1) represent an additional
time-series of water properties at a near-shore site.

Upon arrival at ALOHA (station 2), operations commence with a deep cast
(maximum depth approximately 4750 m), 36-hour burst sampling3 of the upper
1000 m at the same location, plus CTD casts to support ancillary JGOFS work
of about an extra 12 hours duration. Time permitting, the last CTD cast of
the cruise will be a deep cast. On occasion, one cast will be done at
station 3 (40 miles north of ALOHA at 23 25' N, 158 W).

The second and following casts at station ALOHA are sampled to at least 1000
m depth. Cast 2 is called a "density cast" because water samples are taken
at a number of specified density values ranging from [sigma-theta]= 27.37 to
the surface with the intent to resolve the profiles of salinity, dissolved
oxygen, and nutrients in potential density coordinates Depths sampled during
the following casts within the 36-hour burst sampling period are chosen both
by the JGOFS group and the WOCE team, who have to ensure that at least one
water sample each is taken within the mixed layer, the shallow salinity
maximum, the intermediate salinity minimum and the deepest position of
the rosette for calibration of the CTD conductivity sensor. If oxygen
bottles will be taken from the cast, then the sampling should include
at least the mixed layer, oxygen maximum, oxygen minimum and the deepest
rosette position for calibration of the CTD oxygen sensor. The second
deep cast of the cruise (if there is one) should include sampling of
oxygen bottles in at least seven levels appropriate for calibration of
the CTD oxygen sensor, i.e. in the oxycline and two more levels below
the oxygen minimum, in addition to the four levels mentioned before.

The primary objective of the HOT program is to assess variability in the
central Pacific Ocean on annual and interannual time scales. One of our most
important concerns, therefore, is to ensure that the highest possible
precision and accuracy is consistently maintained for all water column
chemical measurements. In order to achieve the highest possible data
quality, we have instituted a quality-assurance/quality-control program,
and have attempted to collect all ancillary information necessary to
ensure that our data are not biased by sampling artifacts.

Because sampling is over 36 hours, one can average out the effects
short-term changes of the depth of density surfaces and the magnitude of
hydrographic and nutrient variables (inertial, tidal, and shorter periods).
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1990 Chiswell, S., E. Firing, D. Karl, R.  Lukas and C. Winn. Hawaii
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Ocean Time-series Program Data Report 1, 1988-1989. SOEST Tech. Rept.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: #1, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Univ. of Hawaii,
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Honolulu, HI, 269 pp.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1992 Winn, C., S. Chiswell, E. Firing, D.  Karl and R. Lukas. Hawaii Ocean
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Time-series Program Data Report 2, 1990. SOEST Tech.  Rept. 92-1, School
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu,
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: HI, 175 pp.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1993 Winn, C., R. Lukas, D. Karl and E.  Firing. Hawaii Ocean Time- series
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Program Data Report 3, 1991. SOEST Tech. Report 93-3, School of Ocean and
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Earth Science and Technology, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 228 pp.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1993 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, D.  Hebel, R. Lukas, D. Karl and E.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Firing.  Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data Report 4, 1992. SOEST Tech.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Report 93-14, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Univ. of
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 248 pp.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1994 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, D.  Hebel, E. Firing, F. Bingham, R.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Lukas, and D. Karl. Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data Report 5, 1993.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: SOEST Tech. Report 94-5, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology,
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 156 pp.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1995 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, D.  Hebel, E. Firing, R. Lukas, and
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: D. Karl.  Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data Report 6, 1994. SOEST Tech.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Report 95-6, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Univ. of
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 199 pp.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1996 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, C.  Nosse, D. Hebel, E. Firing, R.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Lukas, and D. Karl. Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data Report 7, 1995.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: SOEST Tech. Report 96-7, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology,
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 228 pp.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1997 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, D.  Hebel, C. Nosse, L. Fujieki, E.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Firing, R.  Lukas, and D. Karl. Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Report 8, 1996.  SOEST Tech. Report 97-8, School of Ocean and Earth
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Science and Technology, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 296 pp.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 1998 Tupas, L., F. Santiago-Mandujano, D.  Hebel, C. Nosse, L. Fujieki, E.
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Firing, R.  Lukas, and D. Karl. Hawaii Ocean Time-series Program Data
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Report 9, 1997.  SOEST Tech. Report 98-9, School of Ocean and Earth
        Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Science and Technology, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 159 pp.
        Process_Date: Unknown
        Process_Contact:
          Contact_Information:
            Contact_Person_Primary:
              Contact_Person: Dr. Roger Lukas
              Contact_Organization: Department of Oceanography
School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology
University of Hawaii
            Contact_Position: Principal Investigator-- Physical data (non-ADCP)
            Contact_Address:
              Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
              Address: 1000 Pope Rd
              Address: Marine Science Bldg. Room 418
              City: Honolulu
              State_or_Province: HI
              Postal_Code: 96822
              Country: USA
            Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-7892
            Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rlukas@soest.hawaii.edu
  Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
    Overview_Description:
      Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Directories and files:
/data             root data directory

  /woce_sum       WOCE-type sum file which gives details on
                  position and parameters taken of each cast and
                  station of each cruise.  Filenaming convention:

                  hotccc.sum      where ccc is cruise number

  /ctd            CTD data.  Filenaming convention:

                  hcccasstt.ctd   where ccc is cruise number
                                        a   is constant
                                        ss  is station number
                                        tt  is cast number

CTD Data Format Document, January 13, 1992

    CTD data are distributed in a format specified by the international
WOCE Hydrographic Programme Office (WHPO).  This document describes 
that format.

    Each station/cast is stored in a separate file.  A file's name can be
determined by the concatenation of 'h', 2 digit cruise number, 'a', a 2 digit
station number, a 2 digit cast number and a file extension of ctd.  For ex-
ample, HOT-1, station 2, cast 3, would be found in h01a0203.ctd.

    The cruise and position information for each cast is in the cruise
summary file (*.sum).  The EXPOCODE, station number and cast number
can be used to cross-reference the CTD data files with the cruise
summary file.  This code allows for the identification of the cruise.
It consists of a 4 character NODC country-ship code, a maximum of 8
character cruise number followed by a "/" and leg number.  For example,
the EXPOCODE for HOT-13 on the R/V Moana Wave would be 31MW013/1.

    The CTD data file has a fixed record length of 65 characters / record. 
The first six records of a CTD file contain header information:

    Record 1:
       Column  Format	Item
         9-22     a14   EXPOCODE (KA=Kaimalino,WE=Wecoma,MW=Moana Wave)
        31-34     a4    WHP station identification
        41-42     i2	Month
        43-44     i2	Day
        45-46     i2	Year
        FORTRAN FORMAT  (8x,a14,8x,a4,6x,3i2)
        C               "%*s %s %*s %s %*s %2d%2d%2d"

    Record 2:
         7-12     a6	Station number
        20-22     i3	Cast number
        36-40     i5	Number of data records in the file
        FORTRAN FORMAT  (6x,a6,7x,i3,13x,i5)
        C               "%*s %d %*s %d %*s %d"

    Record 3:
        16-21     i6    Instrument number
        37-41    f5.2	Sampling rate (hz)
        FORTRAN FORMAT  (15x,i6,15x,f5.2)
        C               "%*s %d %*s %f"

    Record 4:
        Headers for data columns (variable labels).
        
    Record 5:
        Unit header for data columns.
        
    Record 6:
        Quality byte designators.  All columns requiring a quality
        byte are underscored by seven asterisks.
                

     The remaining records contain CTD data. The order of variables in a
record are as follows: pressure, temperature, salinity, oxygen, trans-
mission, fluorescence and quality.  Missing values are flagged with -99.0.

   Data Record Format:

        Column	Format	Item
	 1-8	f8.1 	Pressure (Decibars)
	 9-16	f8.4 	Temperature (Degrees Celsius,
                           International Temperature Scale of 1990)
	17-25	f9.4	Salinity (1978 International Practical Salinity Scale)
	26-33	f8.1	Oxygen (micromoles per kilogram)
	34-41   f8.3    Transmission (% transmission)
	42-49   f8.3    CHLPIG (uG/L)
	50-57    i8     Number of observations averaged at this pressure level
	58-65	 i8     Quality (defined by investigator) **
	FORTRAN FORMAT  (f8.1, f8.4, f9.4, f8.1, 2f8.3, i8, i8)
	C               "%f %f %f %f %f %f %d %d"


**  The quality word is the left-to-right concatenation of required qualityi
 bytes for the variables measured.  They are defined as follows:

 byte value  Definition
     1       Not calibrated with water samples.
     2       Acceptable measurement.
     3       Questionable measurement.
     4       Bad measurement.
     5       Not reported.
     6       Interpolated value.
     7       Not assigned for CTD data
     8       Not assigned for CTD data
     9       Not sampled
      Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none
  Distribution_Information:
    Distributor:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Organization_Primary:
          Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC (National Coastal Data Development Center)
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address
          Address: National Coastal Data Development Center, Building 1100
          City: Stennis Space Center
          State_or_Province: MS
          Postal_Code: 39529
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: 866-732-2382
        Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 228-688-2968
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ncddcgetdata@noaa.gov
        Hours_of_Service: 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday
    Distribution_Liability: NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data,expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.  NOAA, NESDIS, NODC and NCDDC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.
  Metadata_Reference_Information:
    Metadata_Date: 20030909
    Metadata_Contact:
      Contact_Information:
        Contact_Person_Primary:
          Contact_Person: Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell
          Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC
        Contact_Position: Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison
        Contact_Address:
          Address_Type: mailing
          Address: 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316
          Address: Dept. of Oceanography
          Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa
          City: Honolulu
          State_or_Province: Hawaii
          Postal_Code: 96822
          Country: USA
        Contact_Voice_Telephone: (808)-956-4105
        Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (808) 956-2352
        Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: caldwell@soest.hawaii.edu
        Hours_of_Service: 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays
        Contact_Instructions: check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available
    Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC CSDGM
    Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

