TABLE 2. Summary of Biological Observations made at Transect T-2, 15 m North of and Parallel to the 
Mokapu Ocean Outfall Diffuser Pipe on Natural Substratum, on 31 July 1998. (Sampling began at the main 
stake marking this transect and continued in a seaward direction.)


Percent Cover
I. Quadrat Survey

Quadrat Distance Along Transect


0 m
5 m
10 m
15 m
20 m

Bryozoans





Reteporellina denticulata 
1.2
1.1
0.9
1.5
2.8






Corals





Porites lobata
13.5
6.5
2.0

6.0
Pocillopora meandrina 
0.6


0.8
1.0
Montipora verrucosa 
19.0
3.0
9.0
12.0
15.0
Montipora patula 
12.0
31.0
57.0
13.0







Sand
12.0
12.0
7.0
6.0
6.0
Rubble
9.0
23.0
18.0
28.7
9.0
Hard Substratum
32.7
23.4
6.1
38.0
60.2


II. Macroinvertebrate Census (4 m ? 20 m)
No. of 
Individuals





Phylum Annelida

Spirobranchus giganteus corniculatus
12


Phylum Mollusca

Cassis cornuta
1


Phylum Echinodermata

Echinometra mathaei 
1
Holothuria verrucosa 
1


III. Fish Census (4 m ? 20 m)






28 Species





184 Individuals





Estimated Standing Crop = 62 g/m2






NOTE: Results of the 5-m2 quadrat sampling of the benthic community are presented in Part I as percent cover, counts of 
diurnally exposed macroinvertebrates are given in Part II, and a summary of the fish census is given in Part III. Water depth 
is 32.0 m; mean coral coverage is 40.3% (quadrat method).


