                              IEH Format                      21Aug95
      
  Specification:
 
**  First Master Record **
 
    Col.    Notes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1-6        Latitude    DDMMtH     t=1/10 min. H = hemisphere (N or S)
 7-13       Longitude  DDDMMtH                 H = hemisphere (E or W)    
 14-19      Date        YYMMDD
 20-23      Cast time   HHMM     GMT   This should be the time most 
                                       representative of the data in the 
                                       station.
 24-28      Bottom sounding  XXXXX   meters
 29-30      Wave direction   XX     2 digit code. WMO 0885 (00-36,49)
 31-32       "   height      XX     feet
 33-34       "   period      XX     seconds
 35-36      Wind direction   XX     2 digit code. WMO 0877 (00-36,49)
 37-38       "   speed       XX     knots
 39-43      Barometer        XXXXX   millibars to tenths.
 44-47      Dry bulb air temp.  XXXX  deg. celsius to tenths.
 48-51      Wet  "    "   "     XXXX   "      "    "    "
    52      Weather          X      1 digit code. WMO 4501.
    53      Cloud type.      X      1 digit code. WMO 0500.
    54      Cloud amount     X      1 digit code. WMO 2700. (oktas)
    55      Visibility       X      1 digit code. WMO 4300.
 56-61      Ship code                    --------------------------------
              56-57 XX country code.     These 6 characters should indicate
              58-59 XX institution code. ship ownership. Who owns the boat?
              60-61 XX ship code.        ---------------------------------
 62-63      Data type    XX       2 character code. "PR" = productivity.
                                  "HY" = hydrographic, "10" = ten-meter.
                                  "CT" = compressed ctd (low res.)
                                  "MX" = mixed ctd and bottle data.
    64      'Z'
    65      '*'  Asterisk      used for format alignment.
 66-69      Processing number XXXX   for data processing use only.
 70-72      Cruise id  XXX    three characters for SD2 conversion.
 73-74      Leg number XX
 75-84      Station id  XXXXXXXXXX  alphanumeric 10 characters.
 85-88      Data origin          Whose data is it?
             85-86   XX  country code.
             87-88   XX  institution code.
 89-103     Cruise name  15 character alphanumeric. Will be printed to data
                           reports.
 104-111    name for data in wild column 1. 8 chars.. printed to data report.
 112-119     "    "   "   "   "     "    2.   "         "     "   "     "
 120-127     "    "   "   "   "     "    3.   "         "     "   "     "
     128    '1'  record indicator.

  
  ** Second Master Record **
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1        Blank         used for format alignment
 2-3        Secchi disk depth  XX    meters
 4-5        Water color        XX    (0-21) Forel-Ule scale
 6-13       Incubation times
             6-9  HHMM  start time  (local)
             10-13 HHMM end time    (local)
 14-17      Local apparent noon  HHMM  (local)
 18-21      Civil twilight       HHMM  (local)
 22-24      Time zone     +/-HH    hours preceeded by '+' or '-'
 25-29      Integrated C14 assimilation  XXXXX milligrams/m^2 /experiment
                                               to 10ths.
 30-33      Integrated Chlor-A   XXXX  milligrams/m^2  to 10ths.
 34-37      Integrated Phaeopigment  XXXX   milligrams/m^2 to 10ths.
 38-63      Ship name  26 character alphanumeric. Printed to data report.
    64      'Z'     alignment character.
    65      '*'     alignment character.
 66-82      Blanks (17)
 83-85      Interpolation flags. Used by an interpolation program to
              signal that you want data in the wild columns to be interpolated.
              Defaults to no interpolation.
              83  Wild col 1. 'I' to interpolate.   Blank for no interpolation.
              84   "    "  2.    "       "            "    "   "       "
              85   "    "  3.    "       "            "    "   "       "
 86-103     Runtime formats used by programs to fill the wild columns with
              data. The formats must be of the form "(F7.x)" and be 6 chars
              long. x can range from 0 to 6.  If the wild columns are used
              these formats must be specified.
             86-91  format for wild column 1.  Blank if none.
             92-97    "     "   "     "    2.    "   "   "
             98-103   "     "   "     "    3.    "   "   "
 104-111    units for parameter in wild column 1.  8 character alphanumeric.
                                      Will be printed to data report.
 112-119    units for wild column 2.
 120-127    units for wild column 3.
     128    '2'     record indicator.
 
 
  ** Detail Record **
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1-5        Depth  XXXXX   whole meters
   6        Footnote indicator  1 chararcter. Used as a general footnote
                                      indicator. Printed to data report.
 7-11       Temperature   XXXXX  deg. celsius. Last column is 1000ths.
                                 Trailing blanks permitted.
   12            "      precision  X   1,2,or3 or blank if no temperature.
   13            "      quality    X   quality code.
 14-18      Salinity      XXXXX  Last column is 1000ths. Trailing blanks OK.
    19         "      precision  X   1,2,or3 or blank if no salinity.
    20         "      quality    X   quality code.
 21-26      Pressure   XXXXXX   decibars to 10ths.
    27         "      quality    X   quality code.
 28-31      Oxygen     XXXX    milliliters/liter to 100ths. range .00->99.99
    32         "      quality    X   quality code.
 33-36      Phosphate  XXXX    ugram-atoms/liter  to 100ths. range .00->99.99
    37         "      quality    X   quality code.
 38-41      Silicate   XXXX    ugram-atoms/liter to 10ths. range .0->999.9
    42         "      quality    X   quality code.
 43-46      NO2 (Nitrite) XXXX ugram-atoms/liter to 100ths. range .00->99.99
    47         "      quality    X   quality code.
 48-50      NO3 (Nitrate) XXX  ugram-atoms/liter to 10ths. range .0->99.9 
    51         "      quality    X   quality code.
 52-55      NH3        XXXX    ugram-atoms/liter to 100ths. range .00->99.99
    56         "      quality    X   quality code.
 57-60      Chlorophyll-A XXXX  milligrams/meter^3 to 100ths. range .00->99.99
    61          "     quality    X   quality code.
 62-63      Cast number     XX
 64-65      Bottle id number   XX             (formerly 'Z*' for alignment)
 66-69      Phaeopigment  XXXX  milligrams/meter^3 to 100ths. range .00->99.99
    70          "     quality    X   quality code.
 71-75      C14 assimilation #1  XXXXX milligrams/meter^3/experiment.
                              last column is 100ths. range .00->999.99 
                              trailing blank permitted.
    76           "    precision  X  1,2,or blank if not recorded.
    77           "    quality    X  quality code.
 78-82      C14 assim. #2   XXXXX milligrams/meter^3/experiment. 
                              last column is 100ths. range .00->999.99
                              trailing blank permitted.
    83           "    precision  X  1,2,or blank if not recorded.
    84           "    quality    X  quality code.
 85-87      Dark C14 assim.  XXX  milligrams/meter^3/experiment. Last column
                              is  100ths. range .00->9.99.
                              trailing blank permitted.
    88           "    precision  X  1,2,or blank if not recorded.
    89           "    quality    X  quality code.
 90-94      Mean C14 assim.  XXXXX  milligrams/meter^3/experiment. Last column
                              is 100ths. range .00->999.99
                              trailing blank permitted.
    95           "    precision  X  1,2,or blank if not recorded.
    96           "    quality    X  quality code.
 97-100     Elapsed incubation time  HHMM  
 101-103    Light percent (incubation). XXX  to 10ths. 
                                punch decimal to record 100ths below 1 percent.
 104-110    Wild column 1. XXXXXXX  Any data value that can fit. Punch explicit
                                decimal. No trailing blanks allowed.
     111        "     quality    X  quality code.
 112-118    Wild column 2. XXXXXXX  Any data value that can fit. Punch explicit
                                decimal. No trailing blanks allowed.
     119        "     quality    X  quality code.
 120-126    Wild column 3. XXXXXXX  Any data value that can fit. Punch explicit
                                decimal. No trailing blanks allowed.
     127        "     quality    X  quality code.
     128    Record indicator.  3,4,5,6,or7 
                        3==observed data. 4==educated office guess (ghost)
                        5==data from std or ctd device (low resolution)
                        6==multiple depth card.
                        7==interpolated to a standard depth.

 
 ** Footnote Record **
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1-63       Text
   64       'Z'
   65       '*'
 66-127     Text
    128     '8'       record indicator
 
     A footnote record may appear only after the detail records for a
     station and will be printed to the data report. Columns 64 and 65
     will be ignored on printout.
 
 
 ** Text Record **
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1-63       Text
   64       'Z'
   65       '*'
 66-127     Text
    128     '9'       record indicator
 
     A text record can appear anywhere in the file except directly after the
     first master record.. The information will not be printed to data
     reports, but will remain with the data.
 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 ** Codes and usage **
 
   1. Quality code.  Used on the detail records.
                 blank == data ok
                  '6'  == data ok,but taken from a ctd device.
                          (used only when data is, on the whole, considered
                           to be bottle data)
                  '8'  == originator thinks value is suspect.
                  '9'  == missing data
   2. Examples of Calcofi station numbers. b=blank
          b93bbb40bb         110bbb40bb
          110bbb40.2         b93.1b40bb
          b93.2b40.1         110.1100.3
   3. Missing or unrecorded data MUST be indicated with a '9' in the quality
      code.
   4. Trailing blanks are only allowed when specifically mentioned and
      when they are mentioned, their use is required if the precision
      is less than the maximum.
   5. The ship ownership country and institution can be different from
      the data ownership country and institution.
   6. The format can be folded into a 64 character variety if that makes
      data entry more convenient, but the specification and any application
      programs will operate on the 128 character variety listed here.
   7. Any interpretation problems should be referred to David Newton at
      x46273.
   8. The first master record should be immediately followed by the second
      master record.
   9. Times in HHMM format should be written with no embedded blanks.
  10. Ghostcards (rectyp=4) are used for interpolation but not printed to
      data reports. Multiple depth cards (rectyp=6) are *not* used for
      interpolation but *are* printed to data report.

  
 Revisions: 
 5/12/87 dmn. Probably added some notes.  
 5/ 9/91 dmn. Added word incubation to light percent explanation.
 8/21/95 dmn. added bottle id number to data records.
              added rcord type 6 (multiple depth card).
              added usage note 10.
