#TEMPORARY ACCESSION NUMBER:
#ACCESSION NUMBER:

#CONTRIBUTOR:
Dr. Douglas Fenner

#CONTRIBUTOR INSTITUTION:
Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources American Samoa
PO Box 3730
Pago Pago, AS 96799
USA
work phone 684  633 4456
douglasfenner@yahoo.com

#ORIGINATOR:
same

#ORIGINATOR INSTITUTION:
same

#TITLE: 
Benthic data for corals, macroalgae, invertebrates, and non-living bottom
types from 12 sites in American Samoa, 2005-2009.

#ABSTRACT: 
Benthic transects were repeated at 12 sites around Tutuila at various depths 
on the reef slopes and flats.  Benthic coverage categories include coral 
species, invertebrates, and non-living substrate type.  Annual surveys took 
place during 2005-2009.  The most detailed data are from 2008.  The data 
were provided as spreadsheets and metadata within a PDF document, focusing
on the 2008 surveys.

A related data set was can be found in NODC Accession 0066319,which was 
derived from surveys in Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary, Pago Pago 
(Rainmaker and Aua), and Fagasa (Sita Bay and Cape Larsen) conducted in 
2004 and 2007-2008.  Parameters include coral, algal, or invertebrate 
species, coral colony diameter size, and non-living bottom type.  Also
in 0066319 are summaries of species identification from sites above and 
Ofu-Olosega Islands, Ta'u Island, Aunu'u, Manu'a, and Rose Atoll, based 
on historic surveys back to 1917 are also given in spreadsheets.  This 
is a working list put together by Dr. Charles Birkeland.

#PURPOSE: 
Periodic surveys serve to analyze the temporal variability of benthic
species within coral reef ecosystems.  The island-wide coverage of 
survey sites allows a spatial comparison. 

#FUNDING:
U.S. Department of Commerce                     
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
Coral Reef Monitoring Grant (Coral Reef Initiative)

American Samoa Government
Department of Commerce
Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources
Coral Reef Advisory Group

#LOCATION EXTREMES:
SOUTHERNMOST LATITUDE:  14.366
SOUTHERNMOST LATITUDE HEMISPHERE: S
NORTHERNMOST LATITUDE:  14.2376
NORTHERNMOST LATITUDE HEMISPHERE: S
WESTERNMOST LONGITUDE: 170.814
WESTERNMOST LONGITUDE HEMISPHERE: W 
EASTERNMOST LONGITUDE: 170.562
EASTERNMOST LONGITUDE HEMISPHERE: W  

#LOCATION KEYWORDS: 
South Pacific, American Samoa, Tutuila Island, Fagatele National Marine
Sanctuary, Fagatele Bay, Aoa, Fagasa, Fagamalo, Tafeu, Vatia, Aunu'u,
Amaua, Faga'alu, Nu'uuli, Leone, Masacre, Faganeanea, Taema Banks

#SAMPLING STATIONS: 
MAPS ../data/1-data/TutuilaAunuuMonitoringSites.jpg
Coordinates Reef Flats: ../data/1-data/Table04.jpg

Additional coordinates (general area, not specific transect)
Massacre                14 17.6S  170 45.5W
Tafeu                   14 15.2S  170 41.4W
Utulei                  14 17.2S  170 41.0W
Faganeanea              14 18.3S  170 41.4W
Taema Banks             14 18.5S  170 41.0W

#BEGIN AND END DATES: 
YYYY MM DD
2005 - 2009 02 10

#SAMPLING PERIODS:
Reef Slope Surveys: ../data/1-data/Table01.jpg   
Reef Flat Surveys:  ../data/1-data/Table02.jpg   
4 and 8 m Surveys:  ../data/1-data/Table05.jpg   

#PARAMETERS: 
benthic data (identification by species, per cent coverage):
Coral 
coral table top recruits
Algae
Macroalgae 
Invertebrate (individual counts per 100 m2, abundance)
Non-living substrate

#METHODOLOGY:
In the core monitoring, four 50-m tapes were laid on a depth contour between
8 and 10 m deep.  A space between them of about 15 m was kept.  Benthic 
categories were recorded under each 0.5 m point on the tape.  Benthic
categories included live coral, dead coral, dead coral with algae, 
crustose calcareous algae, branching coralline algae, fleshy macroalgae,
turf algae, rock, sand, rubble, soft coral, and sponge.  Corals were
identified to lifeform, genus, and species when possible.  Similar for
select algae.  Lifeforms included encrusting, massive, foliose, branching,
columnar, submassive, mucshroom, Millerpora, Acropora branching,
Acropora table, Acropora digitate, and Acropora encrusting.

Horizontal visibility was recorded using tape.

Two transect tapes were done on the first dive, and an additional two
tapes were done on the second dive.  Invertebrates were recorded on the 
return pass.

Sites were re-located using the GPS and markers.  One day was required
for each site.

Additional details are available in Fenner (2009).
(../data/1-data/2008 TMP report.pdf)

#INSTRUMENT TYPES:
SCUBA
transect tape

#REFERENCES: 
Fenner, D., Green, A., Birkeland, C., Squair, C.,  and Carroll, B., 2008. 
Long term monitoring of Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary, Tutuila
Island, American Samoa: results of surveys conducted in 2007/8, including a
re-survey of the historic Aua Transect. Prepared for NOAA's Office of 
National Marine Sanctuaries and the American Samoa Department of Commerce,
Environmental Division.  58 pp.

Fenner, D., 2009. Results of the territorial monitoring program of American
Samoa for 2008, Benthic Section.  Prepared for Department of Marine
and Wildlife Resources (DMWR), Coral Reef Advisory Group.  108 pp.

#SUBMITTING MEDIUM:
email attachment

#FILE FORMATS: 
../data/0-data     Files as received by NODC from the originator

All data *.xls files are MS Office Excel 97-2003 Worksheet format

file: 2008 TMP report.pdf
content: technical data report (Fenner et. al., 2009)
(redundant copy in NODC archive format (pdf) in ../data/1-data)

Filenames:
Those with "data" in the title have the data separated by transects for each
site and no data analysis in the file, while the ones that "don't have data
in the title" have the average of those transects for each site but don't have
it separated out by transect.  Those files have the data analysis in them and
the graphs that went into the report.

File: benthic data 05-08.xls
  content: benthic type by year and location

File: benthic data 08.xls
  content: benthic type by location for 2008 survey

File: benthic 08.xls
  content: averaged data and analysis for benthic type 
           by location for 2008 survey

File: coral in transects data 08.xls
  content: 2008 surveys with specific coral species coverage by location
           and zone (inner and outer reef flats, slope at 4, 8, and 18 m)

File: coral in transects 08.xls
  content: averaged data and analysis for 2008 surveys for corals by location
           and zone (inner and outer reef flats, slope at 4, 8, and 18 m)

File: depth corals data.xls
  content: corals at 4 and 18 m depths by location,
           the p and p(lnp) are statistical parameters of probability

File: depth corals.xls
  content: averaged data and analysis for corals at 
           4 and 18 m depths by location

File: invertebrate data 08.xls
  content: invertebrate species and count of individuals by 100m2,
           by location, zone, and depth from 2008 transects

File: invertebrate 08.xls
  content: averaged data and analysis of invertebrate data by 
           location, zone, and depth from primarily 2008 transects,
           though some locations include data and analysis over 2005-2008

File: lifeforms data 08.xls
  content: lifeforms in 2008 transects by location

File: lifeforms 08.xls
  content: averaged data and analysis of lifeforms data primarily
           from 2008 transects by location, though some locations
           include data and analysis over 2005-2008

File: reef flat coral data 08.xls
  content: coral species along 2008 transects by location of reef flat,
           the p and p(lnp) are statistical parameters of probability

File: reef flat coral 08.xls
  content: averaged data and analysis of coral species along 2008 transects 
           by location of reef flat, the p and p(lnp) are statistical 
           parameters of probability

File: reef flat data 08.xls
  content: benthic type for reef flats by location for 2008 survey

File: reef flat 08.xls
  content: averaged data and analysis benthic type for reef flats by 
           location for 2008 survey

File: table recruits 08.xls
  content: new recruits table corals, Fagasa as a function of table top width

../data/1-data   These files were made by NODC based on the original
                 files in ../data/0-data. The original PDF file was exported 
                 into a PDF/A document for archival.  The *.xls files
                 were dumped into text Comma-Separated Version (CSV)
                 format for archival.

                 Filenames are same as the original files, except
                 spaces and apostrophies replaced by underscores.  

#DATASET SIZE:
3779 kbytes

#NUMBER OF DATA UNITS:
12 sites

#MISCELLANEOUS:
Additional Coral/Benthic Surveys from American Samoa in the NODC Archive:

Accession   Comment
0000622     Birkeland, USGS, Fagatele, other sites Tutuila, 1995-1998  
0000735     Birkeland, USGS, multi-island, 2002
0001470     Birkeland, USGS, multi-island, 2002, includes additional fields
9800197     Friedlander, NOAA, Ofa, 1992
0001955     Fenner, ASDOC, Tutuila, 2003-2004
0001972     Mundy, Univ. Tasmania, multi-island, 1995 (also fish)
0002177     Coles, Bishop Museum, multi-island, 2002 (also fish)
0001973     Green, Nature Consv., multi-island, 1994-2002 (also fish)
0066319     Fenner, Birkeland, Fagatele, 2007-2008

