Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator:
        primary reporting author:

        S.L. Coles
        Hawaii Biological Survey
        Bishop Museum
        Honolulu, Hawaii
      Originator:
        co-author:
        R.C. DeFelice
        Bishop Museum and
        Dept. of Zoology,
        University of Hawaii
      Originator:
        co-author:
        J.E. Smith
        Department of Botony,
        University of Hawaii
      Originator:
        co-author:
        D.Muir
        Bishop Museum
      Originator:
        co-author:
        L.G. Eldredge
        Bishop Museum
      Publication_Date: 199802
      Title:
        Determination of Baseline Conditions for
        Introduced Marine Species in Nearshore Waters
        of the Island of Kaho'olawe, Hawaii in January 1998
        Prepared for the Kaho'olawe Island Reserve Commission
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: none
        Issue_Identification: none
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Honolulu, Hawaii
        Publisher: Bishop Museum
  Description:
    Abstract:
      A survey of the marine macroalgae and invertebrates in the
      intertidal and subtidal zones was conducted at seven sites
      around Kaho'olawe Island from January 12 to 14, 1998. A
      total of 298 species were observed or collected, including
      152 taxa in the intertidal and 193 in the subtidal. Most of
      these are new reports for Kaho'olawe and include only 35
      species previously reported, which were mostly reef corals
      and macroalgae.  Data are provided as derived from the report:

      1998-002. Coles, S.L., R.C. DeFelice, J.E. Smith, D. Muir &
      L.G. Eldredge. 1998. Determination of baseline conditions
      for introduced marine species in nearshore waters of the
      of Kaho`olawe, Hawai`i. Report prepared for the Kaho`olawe
      Island Reserve Commission. 13 + [22] p.
      http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/pdf/kahoolawe.pdf

    Purpose:
      The primary purpose was to identify non-indigenous or
      invasive species in the nearshore marine ecosystem.

    Supplemental_Information:
      NOAASupplemental:
      Entry_ID: Unknown
      Sensor_Name: SCUBA, visual census
      Source_Name: manual
      Project_Campaign:  Kaho'olawe Island Reserve Commission
      Originating_Center: Bishop Museum
      Storage_Medium: MS EXCEL, PDF, ASCII, JPEG
      Online_size: 4.511 megabytes
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 19980112
        Beginning_Time: 0800
        Ending_Date: 19980114
        Ending_Time: 1700
    Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: no resurveys planned
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -156.68833
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -156.53333
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.59167
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.50833
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: Biological survey
      Theme_Keyword: Coral species
      Theme_Keyword: macroalgae species
      Theme_Keyword: mollusk species
      Theme_Keyword: invertebrate species
      Theme_Keyword: benthic habitat
      Theme_Keyword: coastal studies
      Theme_Keyword: coral reef
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: Hawaii
      Place_Keyword: Kaho'olawe
      Place_Keyword: Central Pacific Ocean
    Stratum:
      Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Stratum_Keyword: benthic
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: Dataset credit required
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Steve L. Coles
        Contact_Organization: Bishop Museum
      Contact_Position: Marine biologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: physical and mailing
        Address: 1525 Bernice St.
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: Hawaii
        Postal_Code: 96817
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (808)847-8256
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: slcoles@bishopmuseum.org
  Data_Set_Credit: Kaho'olawe Island Reserve Commission
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: MS Excel and PDF format
Data_Quality_Information:
  Logical_Consistency_Report: see Methodology
  Completeness_Report: the survey was 100% completed
  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        Two pairs of investigators made observations, with
        one team observing and sampling macroinvertebrates
        and the other team concentrationg on macroalgae.  Species
        observed as present were noted on underwater paper and
        samples of substratum and organisms not easily identified
        in the field were collected, preserved in 70% ethanol and
        returned to the laboratory for identification.  Subtidal
        sampling was conducted at depths from approximately 5 to
        30 m using SCUBA on dives approximately 50 minutes long.
        Samples in both the intertidal and subtidal were taken on
        a haphazard basis with the intention of obtaining as large
        a variety of organisms as possible.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
        Brock, R. E and Bailey-Brock, J. H. 1993. Anchialine resources of
        Kaho'olawe, Hawai'i, p. 133-155. In: Jokiel, P. L., Cox, E. F.
        and Crosby, M. P., An Evaluation of the Nearshore Coral Reef
        Resources of Kaho'olawe, Hawai'i. Final Report for NOM Cooperative
        Agreement No.  NA27OM0327.
        Brock, R. E and Bailey-Brock, J. H. 1998. An unique anchialine
        pool in the Hawaiian Islands. Intern.  Rev. Hydrobiol. 83:65-75.
        Cox, E. F., Jokiel, P. L., Te, F. T. and Stanton, F. G. 1993. Coral
        reefs of Kaho'olawe, Hawai'i: I.  Community structure of corals
        and reef fish, p. 38-72. In: Jokiel, P. L., Cox, E. F. and Crosby,
        M. P., An Evaluation of the Nearshore Coral Reef Resources of
        Kaho'olawe, Hawai'i. Final Report for NOM Cooperative
        Agreement No. NA27OM0327.
        Coles, S. L., Defelice, R. C., Eldredge, L. G. and Carlton, J. T. 1997.
        Biodiversity of marine communities in Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii with
        observations on introduced exotic species. Bishop Museum Tech. Rep.
        No.10, Honolulu.
        DeFelice, R. C., Coles, S. L., Muir, D and Eldredge, L. G. 1998.
        Investigation of the marine communities of Midway Harbor and adjacent
        lagoon, Midway Atoll, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Final report to
        the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Area Office, Honolulu.
        DLNR. 1972. Kaho'olawe fish survey. State of Hawai'i Div. Aquatic Resource.
        Dep. Land and Natural Resources, Honolulu.
        DLNR. 1993. Kaho'olawe Island nearshore marine resource inventory. State
        of Hawai'i Div. Aquatic Resource. Dep. Land and Natural Resources.
        Hodges, M. 1996. Na Maka'ala volunteer coastal monitoring team. Final
        Report to Hawai'i State Dep. of Health and the Hawaiian Islands Humpback
        Whale National Marine Sanctuary, Honolulu.
        Hodgson, L. M. 1994. Maui algae final report. Final Report to Hawai'i
        State Dep. Health, Honolulu.  Kaho'olawe Island Reserve Commission.
        1997. Ola I ke kai o Kanaloa. Kaho'olawe Ocean Management
        Plan. Prepared for the Kaho'olawe Island Reserve Commission, Honolulu.
        Kawamoto, K. E., Bulseco, D. A., and Kobayashi, T. Y. 1981. The effects
        of siltation on the nearshore marine environment of Kaho'olawe.
        Project Report for NSF Grant No. SPI-8004745.
        National Research Council. 1995. Understanding Marine Biodiversity.
        A Research Agenda for the Nation.  National Academy Press, Washington, D. C.
        Ruiz, G. M., Carlton, J. T., Grosholz, E. D. and Hines, A. H. 1997. Global
        invasions of marine and estuarine habitats by non-indigenous species:
        mechanisms, extent and consequences. Am. Zool.  31:621-632.
      Process_Date: unknown
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Steve L. Coles
            Contact_Organization: Bishop Museum
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: physical and mailing
            Address: 1525 Bernice St.
            City: Honolulu
            State_or_Province: Hawaii
            Postal_Code: 96817
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: (808)847-8256
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: slcoles@bishopmuseum.org
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
      The following files are provided in ../../data/PDF :

      FILE                    FORMAT      CONTENT
      kahoolawe.pdf           PDF         complete report
      kahoolawe.ps            PostScript  same

      map.jpg                 JPEG        station map

      table01.jpg             JPEG        Number of taxa found
      at sampling stations
      table01.txt             ASCII       same

      appA.txt                ASCII       MACROALGAL AND INVERTEBRATES
      appB.txt                ASCII       INTERTIDAL MACROALGAL AND
      INVERTEBRATES LISTED BY COLLECTION SITE
      appC.txt                ASCII       SUBTIDAL MACROALGAL AND INVERTEBRATES
      LISTED BY COLLECTION SITE

      The following files are provided in ../../data/EXCEL :

      FILE                                CONTENT
      Kahoolawe.xls                       Excel spreadsheet with the following
      pages that have been saved as ASCII
      Kahoolawe_Intertidal_Organisms.csv
      Kahoolawe_Intertidal_Portrait.csv   self explanatory
      Kahoolawe_Sub_and_Intertidal.csv
      Kahoolawe_Subtidal_Organisms.csv
      Kahoolawe_Subtidal_Portrait.csv
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: None
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC (National Coastal Data Development Center)
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address
        Address: National Coastal Data Development Center, Building 1100
        City: Stennis Space Center
        State_or_Province: MS
        Postal_Code: 39529
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 866-732-2382
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 228-688-2968
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ncddcgetdata@noaa.gov
      Hours_of_Service: 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday
  Distribution_Liability: NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data,expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.  NOAA, NESDIS, NODC and NCDDC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20030602
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell
        Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC
      Contact_Position: Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing
        Address: 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316
        Address: Dept. of Oceanography
        Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: Hawaii
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (808)-956-4105
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (808) 956-2352
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: caldwell@soest.hawaii.edu
      Hours_of_Service: 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays
      Contact_Instructions: check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC CSDGM
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
