{"xmlId":"79658","NOAAStudyId":"38500","studyName":"Hoti Cave, Oman d13C and d18O Speleothem Data over the past 2,581 years","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/erfq-6235","uuid":"c07e0a08-e1ef-4c39-91d6-eac94cf6b150","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","investigators":"Fleitmann, D.; Haldon, J.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Dominik","lastName":"Fleitmann","initials":"D.","orcId":"0000-0001-5977-8835"},{"firstName":"John","lastName":"Haldon","initials":"J.","orcId":"0000-0003-1210-0829"}],"version":"1.0","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Swiss National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"PP002-110554/1, CRSI22_132646/1"},{"fundingAgency":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","fundingGrant":"NSFC 41888101"}],"studyNotes":null,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/38500","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-38500.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-cave-38500.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/speleothem","studyCode":null,"scienceKeywords":["Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction","drought","abrupt climate change","Precipitation Reconstruction","PAGES Asia 2k"],"reconstruction":"N","contributionDate":"2023-09-12","entryId":"noaa-cave-38500","earliestYearBP":2581,"mostRecentYearBP":-47,"earliestYearCE":-631,"mostRecentYearCE":1997,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"Dominik Fleitmann, John Haldon, Raymond S. Bradley, Stephen J. Burns, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, Christoph C. Raible, Matthew Jacobson, and Albert Matter"},"pubYear":2022,"title":"Droughts and societal change: The environmental context for the emergence of Islam in late Antique Arabia","journal":"Science","volume":"376","edition":null,"issue":"6599","pages":"1317-1321","reportNumber":null,"citation":"Dominik Fleitmann, John Haldon, Raymond S. Bradley, Stephen J. Burns, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, Christoph C. Raible, Matthew Jacobson, and Albert Matter. 2022. Droughts and societal change: The environmental context for the emergence of Islam in late Antique Arabia. Science, 376(6599), 1317-1321. doi: 10.1126/science.abg4044","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1126/science.abg4044","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abg4044"},"abstract":"In Arabia, the first half of the sixth century CE was marked by the demise of Himyar, the dominant power in Arabia until 525 CE. Important social and political changes followed, which promoted the disintegration of the major Arabian polities. Here, we present hydroclimate records from around Southern Arabia, including a new high-resolution stalagmite record from northern Oman. These records clearly indicate unprecedented droughts during the sixth century CE, with the most severe aridity persisting between ~500 and 530 CE. We suggest that such droughts undermined the resilience of Himyar and thereby contributed to the societal changes from which Islam emerged.","pubRank":"1"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"59591","siteName":"Hoti Cave, Oman","siteCode":null,"mappable":"Y","locationName":"Continent>Asia>Western Asia>Middle East>Oman","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POINT","coordinates":["23.05","57.21"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"23.05","northernmostLatitude":"23.05","westernmostLongitude":"57.21","easternmostLongitude":"57.21","minElevationMeters":"800","maxElevationMeters":"800"}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"Stalagmite_12","NOAADataTableId":"51160","earliestYear":2581,"mostRecentYear":-47,"timeUnit":"cal yr BP","earliestYearBP":2581,"mostRecentYearBP":-47,"earliestYearCE":-631,"mostRecentYearCE":1997,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":null,"species":[],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/asia/oman/fleitmann2023/fleitmann2022-stalagmite12.txt","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","linkText":"d13C and d18O Data","variables":[{"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"length unit>millimeter","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"depth from top","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"depth_top_mm"},{"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate>calcite","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d18O"},{"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate>calcite","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d13C"},{"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvWhat":"age variable>age","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"time unit>age unit>year Common Era","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"Age_BCE_CE"}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>geochemistry","earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>carbon isotopes"]}]}]}],"reference":{"pastThesaurusSkos":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf","pastThesaurusExplorer":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/cvterms","gcmdKeywordThesaurus":"https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords"},"dataLicenseDescription":null,"dataLicenseUrl":null}