{"xmlId":"81770","NOAAStudyId":"40684","studyName":"Kapsia Cave Geochemical Data from 2900 to 1100 Cal Yr BP","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/hanf-6w04","uuid":"1712c79a-c9b4-45e7-a867-a97442953de6","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","investigators":"Finné, M.; Bar-Matthews, M.; Holmgren, K.; Sundqvist, H.; Liakopoulos, I.; Zhang, Q.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Martin","lastName":"Finné","initials":"M.","orcId":"0000-0001-7433-268X"},{"firstName":"Miryam","lastName":"Bar-Matthews","initials":"M.","orcId":"0000-0001-8373-5341"},{"firstName":"Karin","lastName":"Holmgren","initials":"K.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Hanna","lastName":"Sundqvist","initials":"H.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Ilias","lastName":"Liakopoulos","initials":"I.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Qiong","lastName":"Zhang","initials":"Q.","orcId":null}],"version":"1.0","funding":[],"studyNotes":"Data contributed as part of SISAL v3 Global Speleothem Isotope and Trace Element Database (https://doi.org/10.25921/jajq-qg60). Notes from the SISAL database: Vegetation: dominated by oak shrubs (mainly Quercus coccifera) ~ 2 m high, different grass species (Lamiaceae species and Euphorbia sp). \\\\ GK-09-02 (SISAL entity_id = 120): Uncertainties for corrected ages were multiplied by 3 to account for uncertainties. This number was chosen arbitrarily.","onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/40684","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-40684.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-cave-40684.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/speleothem","studyCode":null,"scienceKeywords":null,"reconstruction":"N","contributionDate":"2025-01-28","entryId":"noaa-cave-40684","earliestYearBP":2903,"mostRecentYearBP":1115,"earliestYearCE":-953,"mostRecentYearCE":835,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"Finné, Martin; Miryam Bar-Matthews; Karin Holmgren; Hanna S. Sundqvist; Ilias Liakopoulos; Qiong Zhang"},"pubYear":2014,"title":"Speleothem evidence for late Holocene climate variability and floods in Southern Greece","journal":"Quaternary Research","volume":"81","edition":null,"issue":"2","pages":"213-227","reportNumber":null,"citation":"Finné, Martin; Miryam Bar-Matthews; Karin Holmgren; Hanna S. Sundqvist; Ilias Liakopoulos; Qiong Zhang. 2014. Speleothem evidence for late Holocene climate variability and floods in Southern Greece. Quaternary Research, 81(2), 213-227. doi: 10.1016/j.yqres.2013.12.009","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1016/j.yqres.2013.12.009","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2013.12.009"},"abstract":"We present stable isotope data (´18O, ´13C) from a detrital rich stalagmite from Kapsia Cave, the Peloponnese, Greece. The cave is rich in archeological remains and there are reasons to believe that flooding of the cave has directly affected humans using the cave. Using a combination of UTh and 14C dating to constrain a site-specific correction factor for (232Th/238U) detrital molar ratio, a linear age model was constructed. The age model shows that the stalagmite grew during the period from ca. 950 BC to ca. AD 830. The stable oxygen record from Kapsia indicates cyclical changes of close to 500 yr in precipitation amount, with rapid shifts towards wetter conditions followed by slowly developing aridity. Superimposed on this signal, wetter conditions are inferred around 850, 700, 500 and 400100 BC, and around AD 160300 and AD 770; and driest conditions are inferred to have occurred around 450 BC, AD 100150 and AD 650. Detrital horizons in the stalagmite indicate that three major floods took place in the cave at 500 BC, 70 BC and AD 450. The stable carbon isotope record reflects changes in biological activity being a result of both climate and human activities.","pubRank":"1"},{"author":{"name":"Kaushal, Nikita, Franziska A. Lechleitner, Micah Wilhelm, Khalil Azennoud, Janica C. Bühler, Kerstin Braun, Yassine Ait Brahim, Andy Baker, Yuval Burstyn, Laia Comas-Bru, Jens Fohlmeister, Yonaton Goldsmith, Sandy P. Harrison, István G. Hatvani, Kira Rehfeld, Magdalena Ritzau, Vanessa Skiba, Heather M. Stoll, József G. Szucs, Péter Tanos, Pauline C. Treble, Vitor Azevedo, Jonathan L. Baker, Andrea Borsato, Sakonvan Chawchai, Andrea Columbu, Laura Endres, Jun Hu, Zoltán Kern, Alena Kimbrough, Koray Koç, Monika Markowska, Belen Martrat, Syed Masood Ahmad, Carole Nehme, Valdir Felipe Novello, Carlos Pérez-Mejías, Jiaoyang Ruan, Natasha Sekhon, Nitesh Sinha, Carol V. Tadros, Benjamin H. Tiger, Sophie Warken, Annabel Wolf, Haiwei Zhang, and SISAL Working Group members"},"pubYear":2024,"title":"SISALv3: a global speleothem stable isotope and trace element database","journal":"Earth System Science Data","volume":"16","edition":null,"issue":null,"pages":"1933-1963","reportNumber":null,"citation":"Kaushal, Nikita, Franziska A. Lechleitner, Micah Wilhelm, Khalil Azennoud, Janica C. Bühler, Kerstin Braun, Yassine Ait Brahim, Andy Baker, Yuval Burstyn, Laia Comas-Bru, Jens Fohlmeister, Yonaton Goldsmith, Sandy P. Harrison, István G. Hatvani, Kira Rehfeld, Magdalena Ritzau, Vanessa Skiba, Heather M. Stoll, József G. Szucs, Péter Tanos, Pauline C. Treble, Vitor Azevedo, Jonathan L. Baker, Andrea Borsato, Sakonvan Chawchai, Andrea Columbu, Laura Endres, Jun Hu, Zoltán Kern, Alena Kimbrough, Koray Koç, Monika Markowska, Belen Martrat, Syed Masood Ahmad, Carole Nehme, Valdir Felipe Novello, Carlos Pérez-Mejías, Jiaoyang Ruan, Natasha Sekhon, Nitesh Sinha, Carol V. Tadros, Benjamin H. Tiger, Sophie Warken, Annabel Wolf, Haiwei Zhang, and SISAL Working Group members. 2024. SISALv3: a global speleothem stable isotope and trace element database. Earth System Science Data, 16, 1933-1963. doi: 10.5194/essd-16-1933-2024","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.5194/essd-16-1933-2024","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1933-2024"},"abstract":null,"pubRank":"2"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"60614","siteName":"Kapsia Cave","siteCode":null,"mappable":"Y","locationName":"Continent>Europe>Southern Europe>Greece","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POINT","coordinates":["37.6233","22.3539"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"37.6233","northernmostLatitude":"37.6233","westernmostLongitude":"22.3539","easternmostLongitude":"22.3539","minElevationMeters":"700","maxElevationMeters":"700"}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"GK-09-02 isotopes Finné2014 SISAL v3","NOAADataTableId":"54251","earliestYear":2903,"mostRecentYear":1115,"timeUnit":"cal yr BP","earliestYearBP":2903,"mostRecentYearBP":1115,"earliestYearCE":-953,"mostRecentYearCE":835,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":null,"species":[],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/SISAL-v3/noaa_templates/Finne2014-GK-09-02.txt","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","linkText":"GK-09-02 Speleothem Geochemical Data","variables":[{"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"length unit>millimeter","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"depth_sample"},{"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvWhat":"age variable>age","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"time unit>age unit>calendar year before present","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"interp_age"},{"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate>calcite","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"measurement precision is 0.15 per mil","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d18O_measurement"},{"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate>calcite","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"measurement precision is 0.07 per mil","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d13C_measurement"}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>carbon isotopes"]}]}]}],"reference":{"pastThesaurusSkos":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf","pastThesaurusExplorer":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/cvterms","gcmdKeywordThesaurus":"https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords"},"dataLicenseDescription":null,"dataLicenseUrl":null}