{"xmlId":"79531","NOAAStudyId":"38392","studyName":"Majuro Atoll, Marshall Islands Coral Geochemistry Data from 19471995 CE","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/5n8k-1h61","uuid":"5d60451e-d73e-4901-b3aa-6199a81fc0d0","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","investigators":"Weerabaddana, M.; Thompson, D.M.; Reed, E.V.; Farfan, G.; Kirk, J.; Kojima (Chapman), A.U.; Dettman, D.L.; de Brum, K.; Kabua, E.; Edwards, F.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Mudith","lastName":"Weerabaddana","initials":"M.","orcId":"0000-0002-6201-1560"},{"firstName":"Diane","lastName":"Thompson","initials":"D.M.","orcId":"0000-0002-6181-1259"},{"firstName":"Emma","lastName":"Reed","initials":"E.V.","orcId":"0000-0003-1947-3863"},{"firstName":"Gabriela","lastName":"Farfan","initials":"G.","orcId":"0000-0001-5204-7044"},{"firstName":"Jason","lastName":"Kirk","initials":"J.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Alice","lastName":"Kojima (Chapman)","initials":"A.U.","orcId":"0000-0001-7178-7910"},{"firstName":"David","lastName":"Dettman","initials":"D.L.","orcId":"0000-0002-6001-1145"},{"firstName":"Kalena","lastName":"de Brum","initials":"K.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Emma","lastName":"Kabua","initials":"E.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Florence","lastName":"Edwards","initials":"F.","orcId":null}],"version":"1.0","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"NSF-CAREER-1945479"}],"studyNotes":"Geochemical data from March 1987 to June 1992 lies within the diagenetically altered section containing trace-calcite above the threshold value (3.6%) and is referred to as the section \"with diagenesis\". The rest of the coral is refered to as the section \"without diagenesis\". Time assigned by matching years in seasonal geochemistry with instrumental SST data from Majuro Island and annual density bands in the X-radiograph. MAJ18-2 is a sub-aerially exposed coral.\r\n      Provided Keywords: Calcite diagenesis, aragonite skeleton, coral geochemistry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, paleoclimate\r\nFile with data and ages removed from study 26-FEB-2024. Plan is to release that data along with a later publication.","onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/38392","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-coral-38392.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-coral-38392.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/coral-sclerosponge","studyCode":null,"scienceKeywords":null,"reconstruction":"N","contributionDate":"2023-08-04","entryId":"noaa-coral-38392","earliestYearBP":3,"mostRecentYearBP":-45,"earliestYearCE":1947,"mostRecentYearCE":1995,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"Weerabaddana, Mudith M., Diane M. Thompson, Emma V. Reed, Gabriela A. Farfan, Jason D. Kirk, Alice C. Kojima, David L. Dettman, Kalena de Brum, Emma Kabua, Florence Edwards"},"pubYear":2024,"title":"Impact of intra-skeletal calcite on the preservation of coral geochemistry and implications for paleoclimate reconstruction","journal":"Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology","volume":"39","edition":null,"issue":"5","pages":null,"reportNumber":"e2023PA004730","citation":"Weerabaddana, Mudith M., Diane M. Thompson, Emma V. Reed, Gabriela A. Farfan, Jason D. Kirk, Alice C. Kojima, David L. Dettman, Kalena de Brum, Emma Kabua, Florence Edwards. 2024. Impact of intra-skeletal calcite on the preservation of coral geochemistry and implications for paleoclimate reconstruction. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 39(5), e2023PA004730. doi: 10.1029/2023PA004730","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1029/2023PA004730","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2023PA004730"},"abstract":"The geochemistry of tropical coral skeletons is widely used in paleoclimate reconstructions. However, sub-aerially exposed corals may be affected by diagenesis, altering the aragonite skeleton through partial dissolution, or infilling of secondary minerals like calcite. We analyzed the impact of intra-skeletal calcite on the geochemistry (´18O, Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, Li/Mg, Li/Ca, U/Ca, B/Ca, Ba/Ca, and Mn/Ca) of a sub-aerially exposed Porites sp. coral. Each micro-milled coral sample was split into two aliquots for geochemistry and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis to quantify the direct impact of calcite on geochemistry. We modified the sample loading technique for XRD to detect low calcite levels (1%2%; total uncertainty = 0.33%, 2Ã) in small samples (<7.5 mg). Calcite content ranged from 0% to 12.5%, with higher percentages coinciding with larger geochemical offsets. Sr/Ca, Li/Mg, Li/Ca, and ´18O-derived sea-surface temperature (SST) anomalies per 1% calcite were +0.43°C, +0.24°C, +0.11°C, and +0.008°C, respectively. A 3.6% calcite produces a Sr/Ca-SST signal commensurate with local SST seasonality (<1.5°C), which we propose as the cut-off level for screening calcite diagenesis in paleo-temperature reconstructions. Inclusion of intra-skeletal calcite decreases B/Ca, Ba/Ca, and U/Ca values, and increases Mg/Ca values, and can therefore impact reconstructions of paleoclimate and the carbonate chemistry of the semi-isolated calcifying fluid in corals. This study emphasizes the importance of quantifying fine-scale calcite diagenesis to identify coral preservation levels and assure robust paleoclimate reconstructions.","pubRank":"1"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"60001","siteName":"Majuro Atoll","siteCode":null,"mappable":"Y","locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Western Pacific Ocean","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POINT","coordinates":["7.1","171.4"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"7.1","northernmostLatitude":"7.1","westernmostLongitude":"171.4","easternmostLongitude":"171.4","minElevationMeters":"0","maxElevationMeters":"0"}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"MAJ18-2 Trace Metals, d18O By Depth Weerabaddana2023","NOAADataTableId":"50982","earliestYear":1947,"mostRecentYear":1995,"timeUnit":"CE","earliestYearBP":3,"mostRecentYearBP":-45,"earliestYearCE":1947,"mostRecentYearCE":1995,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":"Sub-aerially exposed coral boulder near the coast","species":[],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/weerabaddana2023/weerabaddana2023-maj18-2-depth.txt","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","linkText":"MAJ18-2 Trace Metals, d18O By Depth Data","variables":[{"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>magnesium/calcium","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>mole fraction unit>millimole per mole","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"standard deviation = 0.083 mmol/mol; Element 2 ICP-MS; Time assigned and interpolated (monthly) using MatLab","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"Mg/Ca"},{"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvWhat":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate>calcite","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>percent","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"calcite%"},{"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>lithium/magnesium","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>mole fraction unit>micromole per mole","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"standard deviation = 0.093 µmol/mol; Element 2 ICP-MS; Time assigned and interpolated (monthly) using MatLab","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"Li/Mg"},{"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>barium/calcium","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>mole fraction unit>micromole per mole","cvSeasonality":"monthly","cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"standard deviation = 0.137 µmol/mol; Element 2 ICP-MS; Time assigned and interpolated (monthly) using MatLab","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"Ba/Ca"},{"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>mole fraction unit>millimole per mole","cvSeasonality":"monthly","cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"standard deviation = 0.097 mmol/mol; Element 2 ICP-MS; Time assigned and interpolated (monthly) using MatLab","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"Sr/Ca"},{"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>manganese/calcium","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>mole fraction unit>nanomole per mole","cvSeasonality":"monthly","cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"standard deviation = 77.65 nmol/mol; Element 2 ICP-MS; Time assigned and interpolated (monthly) using MatLab","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"Mn/Ca"},{"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>uranium/calcium","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>mole fraction unit>micromole per mole","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"standard deviation = 0.021 µmol/mol; Element 2 ICP-MS; Time assigned and interpolated (monthly) using MatLab","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"U/Ca"},{"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>boron/calcium","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>mole fraction unit>micromole per mole","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"standard deviation = 11.845 µmol/mol; Element 2 ICP-MS; Time assigned and interpolated (monthly) using MatLab","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"B/Ca"},{"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>lithium/calcium","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>mole fraction unit>micromole per mole","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"standard deviation = 0.131 µmol/mol; Element 2 ICP-MS; Time assigned and interpolated (monthly) using MatLab","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"Li/Ca"},{"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"standard deviation = 0.100; Time assigned and interpolated (monthly) using MatLab","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d18O"},{"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"length unit>millimeter","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"depth_mm"}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>trace metals","earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>oxygen isotopes"]}]}]}],"reference":{"pastThesaurusSkos":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf","pastThesaurusExplorer":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/cvterms","gcmdKeywordThesaurus":"https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords"},"dataLicenseDescription":null,"dataLicenseUrl":null}