{"xmlId":"5772","NOAAStudyId":"2401","studyName":"Veblen fire data from Rahue - IMPD ARRAH001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/5s75-gr63","uuid":"362c31a9-2fed-4933-bfea-86335d7901cb","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"FIRE HISTORY","investigators":"Veblen, T.T.; Kitzberger, T.; Villalba, R.; Donnegan, J.A.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Thomas","lastName":"Veblen","initials":"T.T.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Thomas","lastName":"Kitzberger","initials":"T.","orcId":"0000-0002-9754-4121"},{"firstName":"Ricardo","lastName":"Villalba","initials":"R.","orcId":"0000-0001-8183-0310"},{"firstName":"Joseph","lastName":"Donnegan","initials":"J.A.","orcId":null}],"version":"1.0","funding":[],"studyNotes":"*Notice of dataset correction*: on October 31, 2016, the FHX data file of this dataset, arrah001.fhx, was corrected. Previous to this correction, (year 1759, column 4) contained '|' which indicates: a recorder year, - a dated tree ring that formed after the initial scarring event, but contains no scar. However, no scarring event occurred prior to 1759. As per the recommendation of Dr. Veblen, principal investigator, (year 1759, column 4) was changed to '.', which is a \"null\" year - a dated tree ring for which no information on fire history is available, e.g., the ring formed prior to the initial scarring event.","onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/2401","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-fire-2401.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-fire-2401.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/fire-history","studyCode":"ARRAH001","scienceKeywords":["PAGES 2k Network","PAGES LOTRED SA2k"],"reconstruction":"N","contributionDate":"2004-01-01","entryId":"noaa-fire-2401","earliestYearBP":511,"mostRecentYearBP":-45,"earliestYearCE":1439,"mostRecentYearCE":1995,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"T.T. Veblen, T. Kitzberger, R. Villalba and J. Donnegan"},"pubYear":1999,"title":"Fire history in northern Patagonia: the roles of humans and climatic variation","journal":"Ecological Monographs","volume":"69","edition":null,"issue":"1","pages":"47-67","reportNumber":null,"citation":"T.T. Veblen, T. Kitzberger, R. Villalba and J. Donnegan. 1999. Fire history in northern Patagonia: the roles of humans and climatic variation. Ecological Monographs, 69(1), 47-67. doi: 10.1890/0012-9615(1999)069[0047:FHINPT]2.0.CO;2","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1890/0012-9615(1999)069[0047:FHINPT]2.0.CO;2","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9615(1999)069[0047:FHINPT]2.0.CO;2"},"abstract":"The effects of humans and climatic variation on fire history in northern Patagonia, Argentina, were examined by dating fire scars on 458 trees at 21 sites in rain forests of Fitzroya cupressoides and xeric woodlands of Austrocedrus chilensis from 39° to 43° S latitude. Climatic variation associated with fires was analyzed on the basis of 20th-century observational records and tree ring proxy records of climatic variation since approximately AD 1500. In the Austrocedrus woodlands, fire frequency increases after about 1850, coincident with greater use of the area by Native American hunters. Increased burning, particularly in the zone of more mesic forests, is also strongly associated with forest clearing by European settlers from about 1880 to the early 1900s. The marked decline in fire frequency during the 20th century coincides with both the demise of Native American hunters in the 1890s and increasingly effective fire exclusion.\r\n\r\nStrong synchroneity in the years of widespread fire at sample sites dispersed over a northsouth distance of <400 km indicates a strong climatic influence on fire occurrence at an annual scale. Tree ring reconstructions of regional precipitation and temperature show a steeply declining influence of climatic variability on fire occurrence from annual to multidecadal scales. It is the interannual variability in climate, rather than variations in average climatic conditions over longer periods, that strongly influences fire regimes in northern Patagonia. Although climatic variability overrides human influences on fire regimes at an interannual scale, human activity is an equally important determinant of fire frequency at multidecadal scales.\r\n\r\nClimatic conditions conducive to widespread fire in both xeric Austrocedrus woodlands and Fitzroya rain forests are typical of the late stages of La Niņa (cold phase of the Southern Oscillation) events, as indicated by trends in the Southern Oscillation Index and eastern tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures during the 12 years before and after fire event years. Years of extreme fire occurrence are associated both with dry wintersprings of La Niņa events and with the warm summers following El NiHo events. Years in which the southeast Pacific subtropical anticyclone is intense and located farther south than normal are years of enhanced drought and fire. Similarly, years of widespread fire in northern Patagonia are associated with variations in mean sea level atmospheric pressure at about 50°60° S latitude in the South AmericanAntarctic Peninsula sector of the Southern Ocean, as reconstructed from tree rings for AD 17461984. Precipitation and, hence, fire regimes in northern Patagonia are significantly influenced by high-latitude blocking events, which drive westerly cyclonic storms northward. Variations at decadal to centennial time scales in major circulation features, such as ENSO activity and the meridionality of regional air flow at high latitudes, as well as changes in the degree of coupling of these features, influence climate and fire regimes of northern Patagonia.","pubRank":"1"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"20537","siteName":"Rahue ARRAH001","siteCode":null,"mappable":"Y","locationName":"Continent>South America>Argentina>Neuquen","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POINT","coordinates":["-39.5","-70.83"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"-39.5","northernmostLatitude":"-39.5","westernmostLongitude":"-70.83","easternmostLongitude":"-70.83","minElevationMeters":"920","maxElevationMeters":"920"}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"ARRAH001","NOAADataTableId":"2537","earliestYear":1439,"mostRecentYear":1995,"timeUnit":"CE","earliestYearBP":511,"mostRecentYearBP":-45,"earliestYearCE":1439,"mostRecentYearCE":1995,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":null,"species":[{"speciesCode":"AUCH","scientificName":"Austrocedrus chilensis (D. Don) Pic. Serm. & Bizzarri","resourceId":null,"commonName":["Chilean cedar","Chilean incense cedar","cipres de la cordillera"]}],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/southamerica/arrah001.fhx","urlDescription":"Fire Scar Data","linkText":"arrah001.fhx","variables":[{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"formation property>event layer>tree demographic and injury and fire event code","cvMaterial":"biological material>tissue>wood","cvError":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes","cvFormat":"Character","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"age variable>age","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"]},{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/southamerica/fire-hist-graphs/arrah001-fire-hist-graph.png","urlDescription":"Fire History Graph","linkText":"arrah001-fire-hist-graph.png","variables":[],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"]},{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/southamerica/fire-hist-graphs/arrah001-fire-hist-graph.pdf","urlDescription":"Fire History Graph","linkText":"arrah001-fire-hist-graph.pdf","variables":[],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"]},{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/southamerica/arrah001.txt","urlDescription":"More Information","linkText":"arrah001.txt","variables":[{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"age variable>age","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"formation property>event layer>tree demographic and injury and fire event code","cvMaterial":"biological material>tissue>wood","cvError":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes","cvFormat":"Character","cvShortName":null}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"]}]}]}],"reference":{"pastThesaurusSkos":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf","pastThesaurusExplorer":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/cvterms","gcmdKeywordThesaurus":"https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords"},"dataLicenseDescription":null,"dataLicenseUrl":null}