{"xmlId":"77432","NOAAStudyId":"36180","studyName":"Guiterman fire data from Pine Canyon South - IMPD USPCS001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/dfmg-a053","uuid":"00098af9-3a1c-4328-8134-d94a67792527","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"FIRE HISTORY","investigators":"Guiterman, C.H.; Brewer, P.; Billy, R.; Baisan, C.H.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Chris","lastName":"Guiterman","initials":"C.H.","orcId":"0000-0002-9706-9332"},{"firstName":"Peter","lastName":"Brewer","initials":"P.","orcId":"0000-0001-8972-3210"},{"firstName":"Royale","lastName":"Billy","initials":"R.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Chris","lastName":"Baisan","initials":"C.H.","orcId":"0000-0002-7362-1591"}],"version":"1.0","funding":[],"studyNotes":"\r\nSample Storage Location: Laboratory of Tree-Ring, University of Arizona\r\nDating Method: Dated\r\nRelated ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable\r\n\r\nFire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:\r\n  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uspcs001.fhx\r\nalong with associated metadata, including links to supplemental information files and Fire History Graphs, at:\r\n  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uspcs001-noaa.txt\r\n\r\nFire History Graphs: Fire History Graphs illustrate specific years when fires occurred and how many trees were scarred. They are available in both PDF and PNG formats. The graphs consist of 2 parts, both of which show the X axis (time line) at the bottom with the earliest year of information on the left and the latest on the right. The Fire Index Plot is the topmost plot, and shows two variables: sample depth (the number of recording trees in each year) as a blue line along the left Y axis, compared with the percent trees scarred shown as gray bars along the right Y axis. Below, the Fire Chronology Plot consists of horizontal lines representing injuries by year on individual sampled trees. Symbols are overlain that denote the years containing the dendrochronologically-dated fire scars or injuries. The sample ID of each tree is displayed to the right of each line. The Composite Axis below represents the composite information from all individual series. The symbols used to represent the fire scars or injuries, and the filters used to determine the composite information, are shown in the legend. These graphs were created using the Fire History Analysis and Exploration System (FHAES). See https://www.fhaes.org/ for more information.","onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/36180","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-fire-36180.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-fire-36180.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/fire-history","studyCode":"USPCS001","scienceKeywords":["PIPO","western yellow pine","ponderosa pine","Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson"],"reconstruction":"N","contributionDate":"2022-01-26","entryId":"noaa-fire-36180","earliestYearBP":878,"mostRecentYearBP":-12,"earliestYearCE":1072,"mostRecentYearCE":1962,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"Guiterman, Christopher H; Margolis, Ellis Q; Baisan, Christopher H; Falk, Donald A; Allen, Craig D; Swetnam, Thomas W"},"pubYear":2019,"title":"Spatiotemporal variability of human-fire interactions on the Navajo Nation","journal":"Ecosphere","volume":"10","edition":null,"issue":"11","pages":"e02932","reportNumber":null,"citation":"Guiterman, Christopher H; Margolis, Ellis Q; Baisan, Christopher H; Falk, Donald A; Allen, Craig D; Swetnam, Thomas W. 2019. Spatiotemporal variability of human-fire interactions on the Navajo Nation. Ecosphere, 10(11), e02932. doi: 10.1002/ecs2.2932A","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1002/ecs2.2932A","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2932A"},"abstract":"Unraveling the effects of climate and land use on historical fire regimes provides important insights into broader humanfireclimate dynamics, which are necessary for ecologically based forest management. We developed a spatial human land-use model for Navajo Nation forests across which we sampled a network of tree-ring fire history sites to reflect contrasting historical land-use intensity: high human use, primarily in the Chuska Mountains, and low human use, primarily on the central Defiance Plateau. We tested for and compared human- and climate-driven changes in the fire regimes by applying change point detection, regression, and superposed epoch analyses. The historical fire regimes and fireclimate relationships reflect those of similar forests regionally and are similar between the two Navajo landscapes until the early 1800s. We then determined that a previously identified, localized, early (1830s) decline in fire activity was geographically widespread across higher human-use sites. In contrast, fires continued to burn uninterrupted through this period at the lower use sites. Though the 1830s included significantly wet and cold periods that could have contributed to fire regime decline, human factors pose a more spatiotemporally consistent explanation. A rise in Navajo pastoralism in the 1820s1830s was concentrated seasonally in the heavy use sites. By the 1880s, livestock numbers more than doubled, grazing became far more spatially widespread, and frequent fire regimes of Navajo forests collapsed. The last widespread fire recorded on either landscape was in 1886. In the Chuska Mountains, livestock and fire coexisted for over 50 yr between the initial 1832 fire decline and the end of frequent fires after 1886, an exceptional pattern in the western United States. Though unique in its timing, character, and spatial dynamics, the collapse of historical fire regimes in Navajo forests contributed to now over a century without frequent surface fire, leaving Navajo forests at risk for large, uncharacteristic high-severity fires.","pubRank":"1"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"61846","siteName":"Pine Canyon South - IMPD USPCS001","siteCode":null,"mappable":"Y","locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>Arizona","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POINT","coordinates":["35.57216","-109.34"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"35.57216","northernmostLatitude":"35.57216","westernmostLongitude":"-109.34","easternmostLongitude":"-109.34","minElevationMeters":"2226","maxElevationMeters":"2226"}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"USPCS001","NOAADataTableId":"58056","earliestYear":1072,"mostRecentYear":1962,"timeUnit":"CE","earliestYearBP":878,"mostRecentYearBP":-12,"earliestYearCE":1072,"mostRecentYearCE":1962,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":null,"species":[{"speciesCode":"PIPO","scientificName":"Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson","resourceId":null,"commonName":["ponderosa pine","western yellow pine"]}],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uspcs001.fhx","urlDescription":"Data - Fire History Exchange File (FHX)","linkText":"Pine Canyon South Fire Scar Data","variables":[{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"formation property>event layer>tree demographic and injury and fire event code","cvMaterial":"biological material>tissue>wood","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"text description of fire event; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes","cvFormat":"Character","cvShortName":"rec_type"},{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"series"},{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"age variable>age","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"time unit>age unit>year Common Era","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"age_CE"}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"]},{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uspcs001-fhx-noaa.txt","urlDescription":"Metadata - NOAA Template File","linkText":"Pine Canyon South Fire Scar Metadata","variables":[{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"formation property>event layer>tree demographic and injury and fire event code","cvMaterial":"biological material>tissue>wood","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"text description of fire event; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes","cvFormat":"Character","cvShortName":"rec_type"},{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"series"},{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"age variable>age","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"time unit>age unit>year Common Era","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"age_CE"}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"]}]}]}],"reference":{"pastThesaurusSkos":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf","pastThesaurusExplorer":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/cvterms","gcmdKeywordThesaurus":"https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords"},"dataLicenseDescription":null,"dataLicenseUrl":null}