{"xmlId":"77795","NOAAStudyId":"36536","studyName":"O'Connor fire data from Pinalenos_G14, Southeast Arizona - IMPD USG14001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/kb2h-cy06","uuid":"fe5b7b9e-242c-4c62-8a52-03f71f20511f","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"FIRE HISTORY","investigators":"O'Connor, C.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Christopher","lastName":"O'Connor","initials":"C.","orcId":"0000-0002-7284-0688"}],"version":"1.0","funding":[],"studyNotes":"This dataset was contributed as part of the North American Tree-ring Fire Scar Synthesis (NAFSS) project (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/34853). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators.","onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/36536","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-fire-36536.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-fire-36536.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/fire-history","studyCode":"USG14001","scienceKeywords":["Pinus strobus L.","western yellow pine","eastern white pine","PIPO","Weymouth pine","Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson","PIST","ponderosa pine"],"reconstruction":"N","contributionDate":"2022-06-05","entryId":"noaa-fire-36536","earliestYearBP":324,"mostRecentYearBP":-58,"earliestYearCE":1626,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"O'Connor, C. D., Falk, D. A., Lynch, A. M., Swetnam, T. W., & Wilcox, C. P."},"pubYear":2017,"title":"Disturbance and productivity interactions mediate stability of forest composition and structure","journal":"Ecological Applications","volume":"27","edition":null,"issue":"3","pages":"900-915","reportNumber":null,"citation":"O'Connor, C. D., Falk, D. A., Lynch, A. M., Swetnam, T. W., & Wilcox, C. P. 2017. Disturbance and productivity interactions mediate stability of forest composition and structure. Ecological Applications, 27(3), 900-915. doi: 10.1002/eap.1492","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1002/eap.1492","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eap.1492"},"abstract":null,"pubRank":"2"},{"author":{"name":"O'Connor, Christopher D; Falk, Donald A; Lynch, Ann M; Swetnam, Thomas W"},"pubYear":2014,"title":"Fire severity, size, and climate associations diverge from historical precedent along an ecological gradient in the Pinaleņo Mountains, Arizona, USA","journal":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"329","edition":null,"issue":null,"pages":"264-278","reportNumber":null,"citation":"O'Connor, Christopher D; Falk, Donald A; Lynch, Ann M; Swetnam, Thomas W. 2014. Fire severity, size, and climate associations diverge from historical precedent along an ecological gradient in the Pinaleņo Mountains, Arizona, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 329, 264-278. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.06.032","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1016/j.foreco.2014.06.032","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2014.06.032"},"abstract":"In recent decades fire size and severity have been increasing in high elevation forests of the American Southwest. Ecological outcomes of these increases are difficult to gauge without an historical context for the role of fire in these systems prior to interruption by Euro-American land uses. Across the gradient of forest types in the Pinaleņo Mountains, a Sky Island system in southeast Arizona that experienced two relatively large high-severity fires in the last two decades, we compared fire characteristics and climate associations before and after the onset of fire exclusion to determine the degree of similarity between past and recent fires. We use a gridded fire scar and demography sampling network to reconstruct spatially explicit estimates of fire extent and burn severity, as well as climate associations of fires from individual site to landscape scales from 1640 to 2008 C.E. We found that patterns of fire frequency, size, and severity were relatively stable for at least several centuries prior to 1880. A combination of livestock grazing and active fire suppression after circa 1880 led to (1) a significant reduction in fire spread but not fire ignition, (2) a conversion of more than 80% of the landscape from a frequent, low to mixed-severity fire regime to an infrequent mixed to high-severity fire regime, and (3) an increase in fuel continuity within a mid-elevation zone of dry mixed-conifer forest, resulting in increased opportunities for surface and crown fire spread into higher elevation mesic forests. The two most recent fires affecting mesic forests were associated with drought and temperature conditions that were not exceptional in the historical record but that resulted in a relative proportion of high burn severity up to four times that of previous large fires. The ecological effects of these recent fires appear to be more severe than any fire in the reconstructed period, casting uncertainty upon the recovery of historical species composition in high-severity burn patches. Significant changes to the spatial pattern, frequency, and climate associations of spreading fires after 1880 suggest that limits to fuel loading and fuel connectivity sustained by frequent fire have been removed. Coinciding factors of high fuel continuity and fuel loading, projected lengthening of the fire season, and increased variability in seasonal precipitation suggest that large high-severity fires, especially in mixed-conifer forests, will become the predominant fire type without aggressive actions to reduce fuel continuity and restore fire-resilient forest structure and species composition.","pubRank":"1"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"60724","siteName":"Pinalenos_G14 - IMPD USG14001","siteCode":null,"mappable":"Y","locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>Arizona","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POINT","coordinates":["32.70757","-109.932"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"32.70757","northernmostLatitude":"32.70757","westernmostLongitude":"-109.932","easternmostLongitude":"-109.932","minElevationMeters":"2954","maxElevationMeters":"2954"}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"USG14001","NOAADataTableId":"54487","earliestYear":1626,"mostRecentYear":2008,"timeUnit":"CE","earliestYearBP":324,"mostRecentYearBP":-58,"earliestYearCE":1626,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":null,"species":[{"speciesCode":"PIPO","scientificName":"Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. 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