{"xmlId":"84162","NOAAStudyId":"43189","studyName":"North fire data from Bald Mtn - IMPD USBLD001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/gmz4-9y03","uuid":"52a1f564-48fd-43f8-aa56-fc381667d094","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"FIRE HISTORY","investigators":"North, M.P.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Malcolm","lastName":"North","initials":"M.P.","orcId":"0000-0002-9090-784X"}],"version":"1.0","funding":[],"studyNotes":"\r\nThis dataset was contributed as part of the North American Tree-ring Fire Scar Synthesis (NAFSS) project (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/34853). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators.\r\n\r\nSample Storage Location: \r\nDating Method: Dated\r\nRelated ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable\r\n\r\nFire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:\r\n  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usbld001.fhx\r\nalong with associated metadata at:\r\n  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usbld001-fhx-noaa.txt","onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/43189","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-fire-43189.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-fire-43189.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/fire-history","studyCode":"USBLD001","scienceKeywords":["PIJE","Pinus jeffreyi Balf.","Jeffrey pine"],"reconstruction":"N","contributionDate":"2025-08-20","entryId":"noaa-fire-43189","earliestYearBP":302,"mostRecentYearBP":-40,"earliestYearCE":1648,"mostRecentYearCE":1990,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"North, M.P., Van de Water, K.M., Stephens, S.L., Collins, B.M."},"pubYear":2009,"title":"Climate, Rain Shadow, and Human-Use Influences on Fire Regimes in the Eastern Sierra Nevada, California, USA","journal":"Fire Ecology","volume":"5","edition":null,"issue":"3","pages":"20 - 34","reportNumber":null,"citation":"North, M.P., Van de Water, K.M., Stephens, S.L., Collins, B.M. 2009. Climate, Rain Shadow, and Human-Use Influences on Fire Regimes in the Eastern Sierra Nevada, California, USA. Fire Ecology, 5(3), 20 - 34. doi: 10.4996/fireecology.0503020","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.4996/fireecology.0503020","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0503020"},"abstract":"There have been few fire history studies of eastern Sierra Nevada forests in California, USA, where a steep elevation gradient, rain shadow conditions, and forest stand isolation may produce different fire regimes than those found on the range's western slope. We investigated historic fire regimes and potential climate influences on four forest types ranging in elevation from 1700 m to 3200 m on the Sierra Nevada's eastern slope and the White Mountains' western slope. Sample areas (approximately 15 ha to 45 ha) had mean site fire return intervals ranging from 4.8 yr to 16.9 yr across ten Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi Balf.) sites, and 13.4 yr to 45.7 yr across four high elevation lodgepole (P. contorta Douglas ex Louden), foxtail (P. balfouriana Balf.) and bristlecone (P. longaeva D.K. Bailey) pine sites. At most sites (13 of 14), >50 % of fire events occurred in late or dormant season wood. Twentieth century fire return intervals increased at some sites, while other sites continued to record frequent fire events into the 1950s. Years where two or more sites recorded fire events on two or more trees were correlated with drought conditions forecast by the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) in our sample locations at and north of Mammoth Lakes. The lower Sierra Nevada crest due west of these locations may connect weather patterns with western slope conditions more than at our southern eastside sample sites, which were not significantly correlated with PDSI. Our results suggest eastern Sierra Nevada Jeffrey pine forests have similar seasonality and fire return intervals as some western slope forests, but site fire history can be influenced by stand isolation, historical use, and local rain shadow conditions.","pubRank":"1"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"61748","siteName":"Bald Mtn - IMPD USBLD001","siteCode":null,"mappable":"Y","locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>California","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POINT","coordinates":["37.805804","-118.994154"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"37.805804","northernmostLatitude":"37.805804","westernmostLongitude":"-118.994154","easternmostLongitude":"-118.994154","minElevationMeters":"2445","maxElevationMeters":"2445"}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"USBLD001","NOAADataTableId":"57822","earliestYear":1648,"mostRecentYear":1990,"timeUnit":"CE","earliestYearBP":302,"mostRecentYearBP":-40,"earliestYearCE":1648,"mostRecentYearCE":1990,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":null,"species":[{"speciesCode":"PIJE","scientificName":"Pinus jeffreyi Balf.","resourceId":null,"commonName":["Jeffrey pine"]}],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usbld001.fhx","urlDescription":"Data - Fire History Exchange File (FHX)","linkText":"Bald Mtn Fire Scar Data","variables":[{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"formation property>event layer>tree demographic and injury and fire event code","cvMaterial":"biological material>tissue>wood","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"text description of fire event; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes","cvFormat":"Character","cvShortName":"rec_type"},{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"age variable>age","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"time unit>age unit>year Common Era","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"age_CE"},{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"series"}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"]},{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usbld001-fhx-noaa.txt","urlDescription":"Metadata - NOAA Template File","linkText":"Bald Mtn Fire Scar Metadata","variables":[{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"formation property>event layer>tree demographic and injury and fire event code","cvMaterial":"biological material>tissue>wood","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"text description of fire event; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes","cvFormat":"Character","cvShortName":"rec_type"},{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"age variable>age","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"time unit>age unit>year Common Era","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"age_CE"},{"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"series"}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"]}]}]}],"reference":{"pastThesaurusSkos":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf","pastThesaurusExplorer":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/cvterms","gcmdKeywordThesaurus":"https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords"},"dataLicenseDescription":null,"dataLicenseUrl":null}