{"xmlId":"1002807","NOAAStudyId":"1003404","studyName":"Central Europe, 15002007 AD, Documentary evidence, PAGES Euro-Med 2k Version","doi":null,"uuid":"7d1b6fe5-4580-4eb9-b920-c34c2292f2cd","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"HISTORICAL","investigators":"Dobrovolný, P.; Moberg, A.; Brázdil, R.; Pfister, C.; Glaser, R.; Wilson, R.J.S.; van Engelen, A.; Limanówka, D.; Kiss, A.; Halícková, M.; Macková, J.; Riemann, D.; Luterbacher, J.; Böhm, R.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Petr","lastName":"Dobrovolný","initials":"P.","orcId":"0000-0002-2682-1988"},{"firstName":"Anders","lastName":"Moberg","initials":"A.","orcId":"0000-0002-5177-9347"},{"firstName":"Rudolf","lastName":"Brázdil","initials":"R.","orcId":"0000-0003-4826-2299"},{"firstName":"Christian","lastName":"Pfister","initials":"C.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Rüdiger","lastName":"Glaser","initials":"R.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Rob","lastName":"Wilson","initials":"R.J.S.","orcId":"0000-0003-4486-8904"},{"firstName":"Aryan","lastName":"van Engelen","initials":"A.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Danuta","lastName":"Limanówka","initials":"D.","orcId":"0000-0003-2124-404X"},{"firstName":"Andrea","lastName":"Kiss","initials":"A.","orcId":"0000-0003-4254-2759"},{"firstName":"Monika","lastName":"Halícková","initials":"M.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Jarmila","lastName":"Macková","initials":"J.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Dirk","lastName":"Riemann","initials":"D.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Jürg","lastName":"Luterbacher","initials":"J.","orcId":"0000-0002-8569-0973"},{"firstName":"Reinhard","lastName":"Böhm","initials":"R.","orcId":null}],"version":"1.0","funding":[],"studyNotes":"In this study, we utilize temperature index series that were constructed exclusively from descriptive documentary evidence and have therefore not been biased with indices constructed from non-systematic early instrumental measurements or from other proxies. Furthermore we prefer to use monthly indices that were constructed\r\n                      year by year using the seven-degree scale. Temperature index series for the following countries and periods were used: DE (1500-1760), CZ (1500-1854), CH (1501-1816),\r\n                      PL (1501-1700) and CB (1516-1870). The LC index data, because of their different definition, are not considered in this section but are used in Section 6 for cross-comparison.","onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/1003404","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-historical-1003404.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-historical-1003404.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/historical","studyCode":null,"scienceKeywords":["PAGES Euro-Med 2k","PAGES 2k Network"],"reconstruction":"Y","contributionDate":"2013-05-15","entryId":"noaa-historical-1003404","earliestYearBP":450,"mostRecentYearBP":-57,"earliestYearCE":1500,"mostRecentYearCE":2007,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"Dobrovolný, P., A. Moberg, R. Brázdil, C. Pfister, R. Glaser, R. Wilson, A. van Engelen, D. Limanówka, A. Kiss, M. Halícková, J. Macková, D. Riemann, J. Luterbacher, and R. Böhm"},"pubYear":2010,"title":"Monthly, seasonal and annual temperature reconstructions for Central Europe derived from documentary evidence and instrumental records since AD 1500","journal":"Climatic Change","volume":"101","edition":null,"issue":"1-2","pages":"69-107","reportNumber":null,"citation":"Dobrovolný, P., A. Moberg, R. Brázdil, C. Pfister, R. Glaser, R. Wilson, A. van Engelen, D. Limanówka, A. Kiss, M. Halícková, J. Macková, D. Riemann, J. Luterbacher, and R. Böhm. 2010. Monthly, seasonal and annual temperature reconstructions for Central Europe derived from documentary evidence and instrumental records since AD 1500. Climatic Change, 101(1-2), 69-107. doi: 10.1007/s10584-009-9724-x","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1007/s10584-009-9724-x","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9724-x"},"abstract":"Monthly temperature series for Central Europe back to AD 1500 are developed from documentary index series from Germany, Switzerland and the Czech Republic (15001854) and 11 instrumental temperature records (17602007). Documentary evidence from the Low Countries, the Carpathian Basin and Poland are used for cross-checking for earlier centuries. The instrumental station records are corrected for inhomogeneities, including insufficient radiation protection of early thermometers and the urban heat island effect. For overlapping period (1760-1854), the documentary data series correlate with instrumental temperatures, most strongly in winter (86% explained variance in January) and least in autumn (56% in September). For annual average temperatures, 81% of the variance is explained. Verification statistics indicate high reconstruction skill for most months and seasons. The last 20 years (since 1988) stand out as very likely the warmest 20-year period, accounting for the calibration uncertainty and decreases in proxy data quality before the calibration period. The new reconstruction displays a previously unobserved long-term decrease in DJF, MAM and JJA temperature variability over last five centuries. Compiled monthly, seasonal and annual series can be used to improve the robustness of gridded large-scale European temperature reconstructions and possible impact studies. Further improvement of the reconstruction would be achieved if documentary data from other European countries are further developed.","pubRank":"1"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"1000459","siteName":"Central Europe,","siteCode":null,"mappable":"N","locationName":"Continent>Europe>Central Europe","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POLYGON","coordinates":["45","53","6","20"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"45","northernmostLatitude":"53","westernmostLongitude":"6","easternmostLongitude":"20","minElevationMeters":null,"maxElevationMeters":null}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"CEurope10 PAGES 2k","NOAADataTableId":"1001665","earliestYear":1500,"mostRecentYear":2007,"timeUnit":"CE","earliestYearBP":450,"mostRecentYearBP":-57,"earliestYearCE":1500,"mostRecentYearCE":2007,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":"This dataset is about Documentary evidence over Central Europe; PAGES ID, Eur_11; Correlation with temperature, positive, CRUTEM4v ;","species":[],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/pages2k/euro-med2k/Dobrovolny_et_al_CC_2010.txt","urlDescription":"Data","linkText":"Dobrovolny_et_al_CC_2010.txt","variables":[{"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvWhat":"age variable>age","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"time unit>age unit>year Common Era","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"temperature unit>degree Celsius","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"anomalized from 1961-1990","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>historical"]},{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/9970","urlDescription":"Original Data Source","linkText":"Study ID 9970","variables":[],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>historical"]}]}]}],"reference":{"pastThesaurusSkos":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf","pastThesaurusExplorer":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/cvterms","gcmdKeywordThesaurus":"https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords"},"dataLicenseDescription":null,"dataLicenseUrl":null}