{"xmlId":"1258","NOAAStudyId":"2497","studyName":"Pakitsoq outcrop - Gas and Gas Isotope Data","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/k079-a694","uuid":"182227a7-9475-45f0-8cd2-4fe0953d230f","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"ICE CORES","investigators":"Petrenko, V.V.; Severinghaus, J.; Brook, E.J.; Reeh, N.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Vasilii","lastName":"Petrenko","initials":"V.V.","orcId":"0000-0002-0263-8759"},{"firstName":"Jeffrey","lastName":"Severinghaus","initials":"J.","orcId":"0000-0001-8883-3119"},{"firstName":"Edward","lastName":"Brook","initials":"E.J.","orcId":"0000-0001-5438-0115"},{"firstName":"Niels","lastName":"Reeh","initials":"N.","orcId":null}],"version":"1.0","funding":[],"studyNotes":null,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/2497","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-2497.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-icecore-2497.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/ice-core","studyCode":null,"scienceKeywords":null,"reconstruction":"N","contributionDate":"2006-07-01","entryId":"noaa-icecore-2497","earliestYearBP":24000,"mostRecentYearBP":10000,"earliestYearCE":-22050,"mostRecentYearCE":-8050,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"Petrenko, V.V., J.P. Severinghaus, E.J. Brook, N. Reeh and H. Schaefer"},"pubYear":2006,"title":"Gas records from the West Greenland ice margin covering the Last Glacial Termination: a horizontal ice core","journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"25","edition":null,"issue":"9-10","pages":"865-875","reportNumber":null,"citation":"Petrenko, V.V., J.P. Severinghaus, E.J. Brook, N. Reeh and H. Schaefer. 2006. Gas records from the West Greenland ice margin covering the Last Glacial Termination: a horizontal ice core. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25(9-10), 865-875. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.09.005","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.09.005","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.09.005"},"abstract":"Certain sites along ice sheet margins provide an easily accessible and almost unlimited supply of ancient ice at the surface. Measurements of gases in trapped air from ice outcropping at Pakitsoq, West Greenland, demonstrate that ancient air is mostly well preserved. No alterations in ´18Oatm and ´15N of N2 are apparent, and alterations in methane are found in only a few ice sections. Using measurements of these gases, we have unambiguously identified a stratigraphic section containing ice from the end of last glacial period as well as BøllingAllerød, Younger Dryas and Preboreal intervals. Extensive sections of ice from the Holocene and most ages within the last glacial period are probably also present. Very accurate dating has been possible in the ice section containing the Younger DryasPreboreal abrupt climate transition signal. The ice at Pakitsoq is folded and non-uniformly thinned, with many cross-cutting bands of bubble-free ice and dust. The cross-cutting features are associated with anomalies in both the gas and the ice records. With careful sampling to avoid these, the ice at Pakitsoq is suitable for recovery of large-volume samples of the ancient atmosphere for analysis of trace constituents such as 14CH4.","pubRank":"1"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"20012","siteName":"Pakitsoq outcrop","siteCode":null,"mappable":"Y","locationName":"Continent>North America>Greenland","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POINT","coordinates":["69.48","-50.8"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"69.48","northernmostLatitude":"69.48","westernmostLongitude":"-50.8","easternmostLongitude":"-50.8","minElevationMeters":null,"maxElevationMeters":null}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"PakitsoqGISP2 CH4,d18O,d15N Petrenko2006","NOAADataTableId":"38137","earliestYear":24000,"mostRecentYear":10000,"timeUnit":"cal yr BP","earliestYearBP":24000,"mostRecentYearBP":10000,"earliestYearCE":-22050,"mostRecentYearCE":-8050,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":"Figure 8a. d18Oice, d18Oatm, d15N of N2 and methane concentration from the GISP2 ice core over the Last Glacial Termination.\r\nFigure 8b. Combined results from the 2003 surface, 2003 trench and 2003 field methane ice sample profiles at Pakitsoq (Table 1).  d18Oatm, d15N of N2 and d18Oice data are from the 2003 surface profile except for between 0 and 6 meters, where data for d18Oatm and d15N are from the 2003 trench profile.  Methane data are from the 2003 trench profile between 0 and 6 meters and     \r\nfrom the 2003 field methane profile between 14 and 22 meters.","species":[],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/pakitsoq2006gases.txt","urlDescription":"Data","linkText":"pakitsoq2006gases.txt","variables":[{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"time unit>age unit>calendar kiloyear before present","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil SMOW","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"CLIMATE FORCING|ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per billion","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil AIR","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil SMOW","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"length unit>meter","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>nitrogen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>atmospheric gas","earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>oxygen isotopes"]}]}]}],"reference":{"pastThesaurusSkos":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf","pastThesaurusExplorer":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/cvterms","gcmdKeywordThesaurus":"https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords"},"dataLicenseDescription":null,"dataLicenseUrl":null}