{"xmlId":"80798","NOAAStudyId":"39699","studyName":"Talos Dome and WAIS Divide, Antarctica Atmospheric Methane 13C and Deuterium Data from 50-15 KyrBP","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/jr94-km56","uuid":"0629e2a3-f479-4962-906c-415b6df50941","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"ICE CORES","investigators":"Riddell-Young, B.; Lee, J.E.; Brook, E.J.; Schmitt, J.; Fischer, H.; Bauska, T.K.; Menking, J.; Iseli, R.; Clark, R.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Ben","lastName":"Riddell-Young","initials":"B.","orcId":"0000-0001-5937-4726"},{"firstName":"James","lastName":"Lee","initials":"J.E.","orcId":"0000-0002-9137-1530"},{"firstName":"Edward","lastName":"Brook","initials":"E.J.","orcId":"0000-0001-5438-0115"},{"firstName":"Jochen","lastName":"Schmitt","initials":"J.","orcId":"0000-0003-4695-3029"},{"firstName":"Hubertus","lastName":"Fischer","initials":"H.","orcId":"0000-0002-2787-4221"},{"firstName":"Thomas","lastName":"Bauska","initials":"T.K.","orcId":"0000-0003-1901-0367"},{"firstName":"James","lastName":"Menking","initials":"J.","orcId":"0000-0002-5891-6711"},{"firstName":"Rene","lastName":"Iseli","initials":"R.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Reid","lastName":"Clark","initials":"R.","orcId":null}],"version":"1.0","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Swiss National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"200020_172506, 200020B_200328L"},{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"1754078"}],"studyNotes":"Provided Keywords: Methane, greenhouse gases","onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/39699","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-39699.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-icecore-39699.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/ice-core","studyCode":null,"scienceKeywords":["millennial resolution","Atmospheric Gas Reconstruction","abrupt climate change","biogeochemical cycles","Heinrich Events","decadal resolution","Glacial","carbon cycle","centennial resolution"],"reconstruction":"N","contributionDate":"2024-07-23","entryId":"noaa-icecore-39699","earliestYearBP":49500,"mostRecentYearBP":15100,"earliestYearCE":-47550,"mostRecentYearCE":-13150,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"Riddell-Young, Ben, James Lee, Edward J. Brook, Jochen Schmitt, Hubertus Fischer, Thomas Bauska, James A. Menking, Rene Iseli, Reid Clark"},"pubYear":2025,"title":"Abrupt changes in biomass burning during the last glacial period","journal":"Nature","volume":"637","edition":null,"issue":"8044","pages":"91-96","reportNumber":null,"citation":"Riddell-Young, Ben, James Lee, Edward J. Brook, Jochen Schmitt, Hubertus Fischer, Thomas Bauska, James A. Menking, Rene Iseli, Reid Clark. 2025. Abrupt changes in biomass burning during the last glacial period. Nature, 637(8044), 91-96. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-08363-3","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1038/s41586-024-08363-3","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08363-3"},"abstract":"Understanding the causes of past atmospheric methane (CH4) variability is important for characterizing the relationship between CH4, global climate and terrestrial biogeochemical cycling. Ice core records of atmospheric CH4 contain rapid variations linked to abrupt climate changes of the last glacial period known as Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) Events and Heinrich Events (HE). The drivers of these CH4 variations remain elusive but can be constrained with ice core measurements of the stable isotopic composition of atmospheric CH4, which is sensitive to the strength of different isotopically distinguishable emission categories (microbial, pyrogenic and geologic). Here, we present decadal-scale measurements of d13C-CH4 and dD-CH4 from the WAIS Divide and Talos Dome ice cores and identify abrupt 10 enrichments in d13C-CH4 synchronous with HE CH4 pulses and 0.50 d13C-CH4 enrichments synchronous with DO CH4 increases. dD-CH4 varied little across the abrupt CH4 changes. Using box models to interpret these isotopic shifts and assuming a constant d13C-CH4 of microbial emissions, we hypothesize that abrupt shifts in tropical rainfall associated with HE and DO Events enhanced 13C-enriched pyrogenic CH4 emissions, and by extension global wildfire extent, by 90 to 150%. Carbon cycle box modeling experiments suggest that the resulting released terrestrial carbon could have caused 1/3 to all of the abrupt CO2 increases associated with HEs. These findings suggest that fire regimes and the terrestrial carbon cycle varied contemporaneously and substantially with past abrupt climate changes of the last glacial period.","pubRank":"1"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"31509","siteName":"Talos Dome TALDICE","siteCode":null,"mappable":"Y","locationName":"Continent>Antarctica","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POINT","coordinates":["-72.8166","159.1833"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"-72.8166","northernmostLatitude":"-72.8166","westernmostLongitude":"159.1833","easternmostLongitude":"159.1833","minElevationMeters":"2315","maxElevationMeters":"2315"}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"Talos Dome dD Riddell-Young2024","NOAADataTableId":"52648","earliestYear":39000,"mostRecentYear":37800,"timeUnit":"cal yr BP","earliestYearBP":39000,"mostRecentYearBP":37800,"earliestYearCE":-37050,"mostRecentYearCE":-35850,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":"This dataset includes measurements of the Deuterium isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Methane (dD-CH4) of gas bubbles from the Talos Dome Ice Core (TALDICE). All measurements were made at the University of Bern Ice Core Laboratory (Bern, Switzerland) using a new methane stable isotope analytical system. The data are displayed as a function of TALDICE depth and were corrected for gravitational and diffusional fractionation that occurs in the firn column according to Buizert et al., 2013. 1-sigma measurement uncertainty is also included and is determined from analytical uncertainty and uncertainties associated with diffusional and gravitational fractionation. Gas age chronologies are not included in this dataset. The most recently updated chronology for TALDICE should be used for the depth range we analyzed.","species":[],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/riddell-young2024/riddell-young2024-talos-ch4.txt","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","linkText":"Talos Dome dD-CH4 Data","variables":[{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"length unit>meter","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"Talos Dome ice core (TALDICE) Depth (m); Middle of sample depth range (typically 12cm)","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"TALDICE_Depth_m"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 2H","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VSMOW","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":"corrected","cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"gravitational and diffusion-corrected dD-CH4","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"dD-CH4"}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>atmospheric gas","earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>hydrogen isotopes"]}]}]},{"NOAASiteId":"60389","siteName":"WAIS Divide Ice Core","siteCode":null,"mappable":"Y","locationName":"Continent>Antarctica","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POINT","coordinates":["-79.468","112.086"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"-79.468","northernmostLatitude":"-79.468","westernmostLongitude":"112.086","easternmostLongitude":"112.086","minElevationMeters":"1797","maxElevationMeters":"1797"}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"WAIS Divide d13C-CH4 Riddell-Young2024","NOAADataTableId":"52646","earliestYear":49500,"mostRecentYear":15100,"timeUnit":"cal yr BP","earliestYearBP":49500,"mostRecentYearBP":15100,"earliestYearCE":-47550,"mostRecentYearCE":-13150,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":"This dataset includes ~60-year resolution measurements of the Carbon-13 isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Methane (d13C-CH4) of gas bubbles from the WAIS Divide Ice Core. All measurements were made at the Oregon State University Ice Core and Quaternary Geochemistry Laboratory (Corvallis, OR) using a new methane stable isotope analytical system. The data includes depth-adjacent replicate samples (separated by no more than 0.3m of depth) and is split up into two sheets for the two different intervals measured (Heinrich Stadial 1 and Heinrich Stadial 5 / Dansgaard Oeschger Event 12). The data are displayed as a function of WAIS Divide depth and were corrected for gravitational and diffusional fractionation that occurs in the firn column according to Buizert et al., 2013. 1-sigma measurement uncertainty is also included and is determined from analytical uncertainty and uncertainties associated with diffusional and gravitational fractionation. Gas age chronologies are not included in this dataset. The most recently updated chronology for the WAIS Divide Ice Core should be used.","species":[],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/riddell-young2024/riddell-young2024-wais-ch4.txt","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","linkText":"WAIS Divide d13C-CH4 Data","variables":[{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"length unit>meter","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"WAIS Divide Depth (m) for H1 dataset (depths 2321.57 to 2410.49 m) and H5 dataset (depths 3189.23 to 3239.72 m); Middle of sample depth range (typically 14cm)","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"WDC_Depth_m"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"raw d13C-CH4 for H1 and H5 datasets","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d13C-CH4_raw"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":"corrected","cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"gravitational fractionation-corrected d13C-CH4 for H1 and H5 datasets","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d13C-CH4_grav"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":"corrected","cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"gravitational and diffusion-fractionation-corrected d13C-CH4 for H1 and H5 datasets","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d13C-CH4_diff"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":"standard deviation>one standard deviation","cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"1-sigma d13C-CH4 for H1 and H5 datasets; 1-sigma measurement uncertainty determined from analytical uncertainty and uncertainties associated with diffusional and gravitational fractionation uncertainties","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d13C-CH4_stdev"}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>carbon isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>atmospheric gas"]}]},{"dataTableName":"WAIS Divide Replicate d13C-CH4 and dD Riddell-Young2024","NOAADataTableId":"52647","earliestYear":40400,"mostRecentYear":37800,"timeUnit":"cal yr BP","earliestYearBP":40400,"mostRecentYearBP":37800,"earliestYearCE":-38450,"mostRecentYearCE":-35850,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":"This dataset includes ~60-year resolution measurements of the Carbon-13 and Deuterium isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Methane (d13C-CH4 and dD-CH4, respectively) of gas bubbles from the WAIS Divide Replicate Ice Core. All measurements were made at the University of Bern Ice Core Laboratory (Bern, Switzerland) using a new methane stable isotope analytical system. The data includes depth-adjacent replicate samples (separated by no more than 0.3m of depth). The data are displayed as a function of WAIS Divide Replicate Core depth and were corrected for gravitational and diffusional fractionation that occurs in the firn column according to Buizert et al., 2013. 1-sigma measurement uncertainty is also included and is determined from analytical uncertainty and uncertainties associated with diffusional and gravitational fractionation. Gas age chronologies are not included in this dataset. The most recently updated chronology for the WAIS Divide Ice Core should be used. The WAIS Divide Replicate Core is offset in depth from WDC by 0.7375 m for the depth range we analyzed.","species":[],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/riddell-young2024/riddell-young2024-wais-replicate-ch4.txt","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","linkText":"WAIS Divide Replicate Core d13C-CH4 and dD-CH4 Data","variables":[{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":"standard deviation>one standard deviation","cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"1-sigma d13C-CH4; 1-sigma measurement uncertainty determined from analytical uncertainty and uncertainties associated with diffusional and gravitational fractionation uncertainties","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d13C-CH4_stdev"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"length unit>meter","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"WAIS Divide Depth Replicate Core Depth (m); Middle of sample depth range (typically 14cm); To convert to WDC main core depth subtract 0.7375 m","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"WDC_Depth_m"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"raw d13C-CH4","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d13C-CH4_raw"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":"corrected","cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"gravitational fractionation-corrected d13C-CH4","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d13C-CH4_grav"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VPDB","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":"corrected","cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"gravitational and diffusion-fractionation-corrected d13C-CH4","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"d13C-CH4_diff"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 2H","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VSMOW","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"raw dD-CH4","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"dD-CH4_raw"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 2H","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VSMOW","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":"corrected","cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"gravitational fractionation-corrected dD-CH4","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"dD-CH4_grav"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 2H","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":null,"cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VSMOW","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":"corrected","cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"gravitational and diffusion-fractionation-corrected dD-CH4","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"dD-CH4_diff"},{"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 2H","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane","cvError":"standard deviation>one standard deviation","cvUnit":"concentration unit>parts per notation unit>parts per thousand>per mil>per mil VSMOW","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"laboratory method>spectroscopy>mass spectrometry>isotope ratio mass spectrometry>continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvAdditionalInfo":"1-sigma dD-CH4; 1-sigma measurement uncertainty determined from analytical uncertainty and uncertainties associated with diffusional and gravitational fractionation uncertainties","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":"dD-CH4_stdev"}],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>atmospheric gas","earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>hydrogen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>carbon isotopes"]}]}]}],"reference":{"pastThesaurusSkos":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf","pastThesaurusExplorer":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/cvterms","gcmdKeywordThesaurus":"https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords"},"dataLicenseDescription":null,"dataLicenseUrl":null}