{"xmlId":"12191","NOAAStudyId":"14190","studyName":"600 Year Ensemble Climate Reconstructions and Code Package","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/ew8s-5236","uuid":"9d619c29-3dae-4cee-aca5-35e83416d865","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","investigators":"Tingley, M.P.; Huybers, P.J.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Martin","lastName":"Tingley","initials":"M.P.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"Peter","lastName":"Huybers","initials":"P.J.","orcId":null}],"version":"1.0","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"ATM-0902374"}],"studyNotes":"Ensemble Climate Reconstructions, input data files, and Matlab Code Package \nfor Tingley and Huybers 2013, Nature 496:201.  Code and data are included \nin compressed Zip file tingley2013.zip","onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/14190","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-14190.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-recon-14190.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/climate-reconstruction","studyCode":null,"scienceKeywords":["Air Temperature Reconstruction"],"reconstruction":"Y","contributionDate":"2013-04-10","entryId":"noaa-recon-14190","earliestYearBP":550,"mostRecentYearBP":-61,"earliestYearCE":1400,"mostRecentYearCE":2011,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"Tingley, M.P. and P. Huybers"},"pubYear":2013,"title":"Recent temperature extremes at high northern latitudes unprecedented in the past 600 years","journal":"Nature","volume":"496","edition":null,"issue":null,"pages":"201-205","reportNumber":null,"citation":"Tingley, M.P. and P. Huybers. 2013. Recent temperature extremes at high northern latitudes unprecedented in the past 600 years. Nature, 496, 201-205. doi: 10.1038/nature11969","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1038/nature11969","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature11969"},"abstract":"Recently observed extreme temperatures at high northern latitudes are rare by definition, making the longer time span afforded by climate proxies important for assessing how the frequency of such extremes may be changing. Previous reconstructions of past temperature variability have demonstrated that recent warmth is anomalous relative to preceding centuries or millennia, but extreme events can be more thoroughly evaluated using a spatially resolved approach that provides an ensemble of possible temperature histories. Here, using a hierarchical Bayesian analysis of instrumental, tree-ring, ice-core and lake-sediment records, we show that the magnitude and frequency of recent warm temperature extremes at high northern latitudes are unprecedented in the past 600 years. The summers of 2005, 2007, 2010 and 2011 were warmer than those of all prior years back to 1400 (probability P > 0.95), in terms of the spatial average. The summer of 2010 was the warmest in the previous 600 years in western Russia (P > 0.99) and probably the warmest in western Greenland and the Canadian Arctic as well (P > 0.90). These and other recent extremes greatly exceed those expected from a stationary climate, but can be understood as resulting from constant space-time variability about an increased mean temperature.","pubRank":"1"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"57400","siteName":"High Northern Latitudes","siteCode":null,"mappable":"N","locationName":"Geographic Region>Northern Hemisphere","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POLYGON","coordinates":["45","85","-180","180"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"45","northernmostLatitude":"85","westernmostLongitude":"-180","easternmostLongitude":"180","minElevationMeters":null,"maxElevationMeters":null}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"Tingley2013","NOAADataTableId":"24136","earliestYear":1400,"mostRecentYear":2011,"timeUnit":"CE","earliestYearBP":550,"mostRecentYearBP":-61,"earliestYearCE":1400,"mostRecentYearCE":2011,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":null,"species":[],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/tingley2013/","urlDescription":"Data Folder","linkText":"Tingley 2013 Code and Data","variables":[],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"]},{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/tingley2013/readme-tingley2013.txt","urlDescription":"Data Description","linkText":"Tingley 2013 Readme File","variables":[],"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"]},{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/tingley2013/tingley2013.zip","urlDescription":"Zip File","linkText":"All Data in Tingley 2013 ZIP file","variables":[{"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvWhat":"age variable>age","cvMaterial":null,"cvError":null,"cvUnit":"time unit>age unit>year Common Era","cvSeasonality":null,"cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>land temperature>land surface temperature","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvError":"percentile","cvUnit":"temperature unit>degree Celsius","cvSeasonality":"non-calendric period>summer","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"50th percentile","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>land temperature>land surface temperature","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvError":"percentile","cvUnit":"temperature unit>degree Celsius","cvSeasonality":"non-calendric period>summer","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"5th percentile","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>land temperature>land surface temperature","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvError":"percentile","cvUnit":"temperature unit>degree Celsius","cvSeasonality":"non-calendric period>summer","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"95th percentile","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvShortName":null},{"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>land temperature>land surface temperature","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvError":"percentile","cvUnit":"temperature unit>degree Celsius","cvSeasonality":"non-calendric period>summer","cvDetail":"anomalized|smoothed","cvMethod":null,"cvAdditionalInfo":"50th percentile; 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