{"xmlId":"68471","NOAAStudyId":"27910","studyName":"Mackenzie Slope, Beaufort Sea 4,600 Year SST, SSS, and Sea Ice Reconstructions","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/3am8-gh73","uuid":"a9444647-698a-47a4-a188-394aab7ec04e","dataPublisher":"NOAA","contactInfo":{"type":"CONTACT INFORMATION","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","state":"CO","postalCode":"80305-3328","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","phone":"828-271-4800","fax":null,"constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site."},"dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","investigators":"Bringué, M.; Rochon, A.","investigatorDetails":[{"firstName":"Manuel","lastName":"Bringué","initials":"M.","orcId":null},{"firstName":"André","lastName":"Rochon","initials":"A.","orcId":null}],"version":"1.0","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)","fundingGrant":"Canadian Arctic Shelf Exchange Study program (CASES)"}],"studyNotes":"Dinoflagellate cyst-based paleoceanographic reconstructions based on transfer functions (Modern Analogue Technique).","onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/27910","difMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-27910.xml","isoMetadataLink":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-recon-27910.xml","originalSource":null,"dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/climate-reconstruction","studyCode":null,"scienceKeywords":["Sea Ice Reconstruction","Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction"],"reconstruction":"Y","contributionDate":"2019-10-08","entryId":"noaa-recon-27910","earliestYearBP":4590,"mostRecentYearBP":-50,"earliestYearCE":-2640,"mostRecentYearCE":2000,"publication":[{"author":{"name":"Manuel Bringué, André Rochon"},"pubYear":2012,"title":"Late Holocene paleoceanography and climate variability over the Mackenzie Slope (Beaufort Sea, Canadian Arctic)","journal":"Marine Geology","volume":"291-294","edition":null,"issue":null,"pages":"83-96","reportNumber":null,"citation":"Manuel Bringué, André Rochon. 2012. Late Holocene paleoceanography and climate variability over the Mackenzie Slope (Beaufort Sea, Canadian Arctic). Marine Geology, 291-294, 83-96. doi: 10.1016/j.margeo.2011.11.004","type":"publication","identifier":{"type":"doi","id":"10.1016/j.margeo.2011.11.004","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2011.11.004"},"abstract":"Late Holocene paleoceanography and climate variability of the Southeastern Beaufort Sea (Canadian Arctic) have been investigated on the basis of sedimentary cores collected over the Mackenzie Slope. Piston, trigger and box cores were sampled at station 803 in 2004 aboard the CCGS Amundsen at 218 m water depth. The chronology of the piston core is constrained by 4 AMS-14C dates, as the sedimentation rate in the box core is assessed from 210Pb data. We obtain a continuous composite sequence covering the last 4600 years, with a sedimentation rate of ~140 cm.kyr-1. Transfer functions (modern analogue technique) based on dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) assemblages were used to reconstruct the evolution of sea-surface conditions over the time period covered by the cores.\r\n\r\nPalynological data reveal that dinocyst assemblages are dominated by Operculodinium centrocarpum sensu lato (mean of 43.3%) throughout the core, with the accompanying taxa Brigantedinium spp. (19.6%), Islandinium minutum (15.6%) and cysts of Pentapharsodinium dalei (13.7%). Four zones have been established on the basis of dinocyst relative abundances. Dinocyst assemblage zone 1 (D1), from 4600 to 2700 cal years BP, is dominated by O. centrocarpum (mean of 49.0%). In zone D2 (2700-1500 cal years BP), the relative abundances of O. centrocarpum decrease (34.4%) in favour of the opportunistic, heterotrophic taxa Brigantedinium spp. (28.8%) and cysts of Polykrikos sp. var. arctic/quadratus (2.8%). Dinocyst zone D3 (1500-30 cal years BP or 450-1920 AD) is characterised by the high relative abundance of the peridinioid taxa I. minutum (19.9%). The last zone (D4), spanning from 1920 to 2004 AD, is again dominated by O. centrocarpum (44.5%), and shows low relative abundances of Brigantedinium spp. and cf. Echinidinium karaense.\r\n\r\nQuantitative reconstructions of past sea-surface parameters (August sea-surface temperature: SST, August sea-surface salinity: SSS, and duration of sea-ice cover) indicate relatively stable conditions over the last 4.6 kyr, with episodic cooling events (SST of ~1.5C below the modern value of 6C) that took place between 700 and 1820 AD. We associate the last and the longest of these cooling events (1560-1820 AD) with the Little Ice Age. Reconstructed SSS shows decadal oscillations since 1920 AD that we tentatively associate with the accumulation of freshwater by the Beaufort Gyre and the subsequent Great Salinity Anomalies. Our data suggest that similar salinity anomalies could have occurred ca. 1860 and 1790 AD.\r\n\r\nStable isotopic data show a slight increase in d13C values (from ~-27.1 permil at the base to ~-25.8 permil at the top) over the last 4.6 kyr that we associate with the gradual increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration as recorded by Antarctic ice cores. Variations in the d15N profile suggest variations in Pacific water influence from 4600 to ~1300 cal years BP, associated with centennial scale shifts of the Arctic Oscillation phases.","pubRank":"1"}],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"58083","siteName":"Site 2004-804-803","siteCode":null,"mappable":"Y","locationName":"Ocean>Arctic Ocean>Beaufort Sea","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"POINT","coordinates":["70.632933","-135.88025"]},"properties":{"southernmostLatitude":"70.632933","northernmostLatitude":"70.632933","westernmostLongitude":"-135.88025","easternmostLongitude":"-135.88025","minElevationMeters":"-218","maxElevationMeters":"-218"}},"paleoData":[{"dataTableName":"Bringue2012SST","NOAADataTableId":"40284","earliestYear":4590,"mostRecentYear":-50,"timeUnit":"cal yr BP","earliestYearBP":4590,"mostRecentYearBP":-50,"earliestYearCE":-2640,"mostRecentYearCE":2000,"coreLengthMeters":null,"dataTableNotes":null,"species":[],"dataFile":[{"fileUrl":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/bringue2012/bringue2012.txt","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","linkText":"Mackenzie Slope SST, SSS, and Sea Ice Reconstructions","variables":[{"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature>sea surface temperature","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>biological assemblage>dinoflagellate assemblage","cvError":"range>range upper bound","cvUnit":"temperature unit>degree Celsius","cvSeasonality":"non-calendric period>summer","cvDetail":null,"cvMethod":"computational method>statistical analysis method>analogue method>modern analogue technique","cvAdditionalInfo":"upper bound from set of five modern 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