# Global Database of Borehole Temperatures and Climate Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original reference when using these data, # plus the Online Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:1001066 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/huang2000/huang-2013-UA-GViZD214.txt # # Reconstruction_temperature_graph_URL: http://www.earth.lsa.umich.edu/climate/RECONSTRUCTION/UA-GViZD214.html # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Borehole #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2013-07-26 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Global Database of Borehole Temperatures and Climate Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Huang, S.; Pollack, H.N.; Shen, P.Y. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: This project has as its goal the design, assembly, analysis and interpretation of geothermal observations on # continents relevant to understanding the nature and causes of climate change over the past five centuries. The project was # inititated by the Geothermal Laboratory of the University of Michigan, USA. Important collaborations have been developed # with the Geophysical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and with a working group of the International Heat Flow # Commission of IASPEI. Funding for this project has come from the U.S. National Science Foundation, the U.S. National # Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the International Geological Correlation Program, and the Czech - U.S. Science and # Technology Program. The principal components of the database are: # (1) Basic geothermal observations from field surveys and laboratory measurements, principally comprising borehole # temperature logs and thermophysical properties. This section includes data only from boreholes at least 200 m deep. The # data listed are restricted to the range 20-600 meters. Data above 20 m have been omitted because they include annual # variability, and data below 600 m have not been included because they contain no information about the past 500 # years.Quality control measures have occasionally required the deletion of other data within the 20-600 m range. # (2) A five-century ground surface temperature history derived for each site by a standardized inversion procedure # operating on the basic observations. The derived history is presented as century-long temperature trends for each of the # past five centuries. This representation emphasizes longer term variations of the climate history, and thus is # complementary to high resolution proxies such as tree rings, ice cores, corals and lake sediments. # (3) The name of the person who can be contacted to learn more about the data and the site. This is either the name of the # original investigator who made the observations, or the name of a regional or national data compiler. Some data remain # proprietary, and therefore are not accessible directly from this database. Database users desiring access to these data # should request the data directly from the person listed as the data contact. A list of investigators engaged in climate # studies involving geothermal data can be found at the original web site of this database at the University of Michigan. # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Huang, S., Pollack, H. N., and Shen, P.Y. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2000-02-17 # Published_Title: Temperature trends over the past five centuries reconstructed from borehole temperatures # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: 403 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 756-758 # DOI: 10.1038/35001556 # Abstract: For an accurate assessment of the relative roles of natural variability and anthropogenic influence in the Earth's climate, reconstructions of past temperatures from the pre-industrial as well as the industrial period are essential. But instrumental records are typically available for no more than the past 150 years. Therefore reconstructions of pre-industrial climate rely principally on traditional climate proxy records, each with particular strengths and limitations in representing climatic variability. Subsurface temperatures comprise an independent archive of past surface temperature changes that is complementary to both the instrumental record and the climate proxies. Here we use present-day temperatures in 616 boreholes from all continents except Antarctica to reconstruct century-long trends in temperatures over the past 500 years at global, hemispheric and continental scales. The results confirm the unusual warming of the twentieth century revealed by the instrumental record6, but suggest that the cumulative change over the past five centuries amounts to about 1 K, exceeding recent estimates from conventional climate proxies. The strength of temperature reconstructions from boreholes lies in the detection of long-term trends, complementary to conventional climate proxies, but to obtain a complete picture of past warming, the differences between the approaches need to be investigated in detail. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 1202673 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: UA-GViZD214 # Location: Land>Europe>Eastern Europe # Country: Ukraine # Northernmost_Latitude: 44.95 # Southernmost_Latitude: 44.95 # Easternmost_Longitude: 38.50 # Westernmost_Longitude: 38.50 # Maximum Depth: 600.000 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: UA-GViZD214-borehole # Data contact: Roman Kutas (UA) # Date of measurement (year): 1990 # Estimated prior steady state GST (°C): 8 # Estimated mean conductivity (W/m/K): 2.5 # Estimated mean thermal gradient (K/km): 19 # Notes: #------------------ # Reconstruction_Temperature: # Pre-1500 baseline GST (°C): 8.143 # # Date_Century Estimated_GST_Change(°C) Notes # 16th -1.347 # 17th -0.454 # 18th 0.614 # 19th 1.130 # 20th 0.493 # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow (have no #) # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, Temperature for Character or Numeric data) Depth_m Depth Below Surface , , , m, , , , ,N Temperature_Celsius Measurement Temperature , , , Celsius degree, , , , ,N notes notes , , , , , , , ,N #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - 9-blank-spaced text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: Depth_m Temperature_Celsius Notes 20.00 8.820 25.00 8.790 30.00 8.810 35.00 8.840 40.00 8.870 45.00 8.930 50.00 8.990 55.00 9.050 60.00 9.110 65.00 9.160 70.00 9.220 75.00 9.280 80.00 9.360 85.00 9.450 90.00 9.540 95.00 9.620 100.00 9.720 105.00 9.810 110.00 9.920 115.00 10.000 120.00 10.110 125.00 10.200 130.00 10.280 135.00 10.370 140.00 10.460 145.00 10.540 150.00 10.640 155.00 10.750 160.00 10.840 165.00 10.950 170.00 11.040 175.00 11.140 180.00 11.240 185.00 11.330 190.00 11.430 195.00 11.520 200.00 11.620 205.00 11.720 210.00 11.820 215.00 11.970 220.00 12.090 225.00 12.230 230.00 12.330 235.00 12.440 240.00 12.540 245.00 12.650 250.00 12.760 255.00 12.850 260.00 12.930 265.00 13.010 270.00 13.110 275.00 13.220 280.00 13.330 285.00 13.440 290.00 13.540 295.00 13.650 300.00 13.760 305.00 13.880 310.00 13.990 315.00 14.090 320.00 14.220 325.00 14.330 330.00 14.450 335.00 14.560 340.00 14.680 345.00 14.760 350.00 14.840 355.00 14.910 360.00 15.010 365.00 15.110 370.00 15.220 375.00 15.310 380.00 15.390 385.00 15.490 390.00 15.580 395.00 15.680 400.00 15.780 405.00 15.870 410.00 15.950 415.00 16.020 420.00 16.110 425.00 16.220 430.00 16.330 435.00 16.420 440.00 16.540 445.00 16.670 450.00 16.760 455.00 16.870 460.00 16.970 465.00 17.060 470.00 17.150 475.00 17.240 480.00 17.330 485.00 17.410 490.00 17.520 495.00 17.610 500.00 17.720 505.00 17.810 510.00 17.910 515.00 18.010 520.00 18.110 525.00 18.200 530.00 18.290 535.00 18.370 540.00 18.470 545.00 18.560 550.00 18.650 555.00 18.750 560.00 18.840 565.00 18.930 570.00 19.010 575.00 19.120 580.00 19.220 585.00 19.300 590.00 19.390 595.00 19.510 600.00 19.590