# Global Database of Borehole Temperatures and Climate Reconstructions - DE-FalkPB7 #--------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #--------------------------------------------------------------- # # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1000744 # Online_Resource: http://www.earth.lsa.umich.edu/climate/RECONSTRUCTION/DE-FalkPB7.html # # Archive: Borehole # # Parameter_Keywords: reconstruction #------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2016-10-16 #------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Global Database of Borehole Temperatures and Climate Reconstructions - DE-FalkPB7 #------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Huang, S.; Pollack, H.N.; Shen, P.Y. #------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This project has as its goal the design, assembly, analysis and interpretation of geothermal observations on # continents relevant to understanding the nature and causes of climate change over the past five centuries. The project was # inititated by the Geothermal Laboratory of the University of Michigan, USA. Important collaborations have been developed # with the Geophysical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and with a working group of the International Heat Flow # Commission of IASPEI. Funding for this project has come from the U.S. National Science Foundation, the U.S. National # Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the International Geological Correlation Program, and the Czech - U.S. Science and # Technology Program. The principal components of the database are: # (1) Basic geothermal observations from field surveys and laboratory measurements, principally comprising borehole # temperature logs and thermophysical properties. This section includes data only from boreholes at least 200 m deep. The # data listed are restricted to the range 20-600 meters. Data above 20 m have been omitted because they include annual # variability, and data below 600 m have not been included because they contain no information about the past 500 # years.Quality control measures have occasionally required the deletion of other data within the 20-600 m range. # (2) A five-century ground surface temperature history derived for each site by a standardized inversion procedure # operating on the basic observations. The derived history is presented as century-long temperature trends for each of the # past five centuries. This representation emphasizes longer term variations of the climate history, and thus is # complementary to high resolution proxies such as tree rings, ice cores, corals and lake sediments. # (3) The name of the person who can be contacted to learn more about the data and the site. This is either the name of the # original investigator who made the observations, or the name of a regional or national data compiler. Some data remain # proprietary, and therefore are not accessible directly from this database. Database users desiring access to these data # should request the data directly from the person listed as the data contact. A list of investigators engaged in climate # studies involving geothermal data can be found at the original web site of this database at the University of Michigan. # # Updated version of dataset submitted by Huang in October 2016. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Huang, S., Pollack, H. N., and Shen, P.Y. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2000-02-17 # Published_Title: Temperature trends over the past five centuries reconstructed from borehole temperatures # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: 403 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 756-758 # DOI: 10.1038/35001556 # Abstract: For an accurate assessment of the relative roles of natural variability and anthropogenic influence in the Earth's climate, reconstructions of past temperatures from the pre-industrial as well as the industrial period are essential. But instrumental records are typically available for no more than the past 150 years. Therefore reconstructions of pre-industrial climate rely principally on traditional climate proxy records, each with particular strengths and limitations in representing climatic variability. Subsurface temperatures comprise an independent archive of past surface temperature changes that is complementary to both the instrumental record and the climate proxies. Here we use present-day temperatures in 616 boreholes from all continents except Antarctica to reconstruct century-long trends in temperatures over the past 500 years at global, hemispheric and continental scales. The results confirm the unusual warming of the twentieth century revealed by the instrumental record6, but suggest that the cumulative change over the past five centuries amounts to about 1 K, exceeding recent estimates from conventional climate proxies. The strength of temperature reconstructions from boreholes lies in the detection of long-term trends, complementary to conventional climate proxies, but to obtain a complete picture of past warming, the differences between the approaches need to be investigated in detail. #---------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 1202673 #---------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: DE-FalkPB7 # Location: Germany # Northernmost_Latitude: 49.86 # Southernmost_Latitude: 49.86 # Easternmost_Longitude: 12.20 # Westernmost_Longitude: 12.20 # Elevation: #------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: DE-FalkPB7-borehole # Earliest_Year: 1500 # Most_Recent_Year: 1985 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: # Notes: Data Contact: C. Clauser (DE) # Pre-1500 Baseline GST (oC): 7.440 # Date (Century) Rate of GST Change(K/100a) # 16th 0.104 # 17th 0.103 # 18th 0.100 # 19th 0.116 # 20th 0.219 # Date of logging (Year): 1984.00 # Thermal Conductivity (W/m/K): 3.45 # Geothermal Gradient (K/km): 22.44 # #------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #------------------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow (marked with '##') # Variables list: shortname-tab- 9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, Temperature for Character or Numeric data ## depth_m depth,,, m,,,below surface,,N ## temp_meas temperature,,,degrees Celsius,,borehole,measured,,N #------------------------- # Data: # Missing Values: NA depth_m temp_meas 27.33 8.518 30.04 8.577 32.74 8.618 35.46 8.658 39.07 8.710 42.71 8.779 45.45 8.818 48.19 8.870 50.93 8.920 53.63 8.969 56.36 9.023 59.08 9.071 61.77 9.132 64.51 9.189 68.15 9.250 70.90 9.301 73.61 9.361 76.33 9.417 79.08 9.479 81.84 9.523 84.56 9.568 87.29 9.628 90.75 9.692 93.50 9.743 96.24 9.806 99.01 9.853 101.74 9.916 104.49 9.962 107.38 10.023 110.08 10.080 113.53 10.142 116.23 10.201 119.00 10.261 121.70 10.318 124.48 10.375 127.21 10.429 129.98 10.483 132.69 10.544 136.14 10.617 138.91 10.674 141.67 10.734 144.38 10.784 147.17 10.845 149.92 10.913 152.65 10.969 155.43 11.021 158.93 11.098 161.71 11.159 164.42 11.223 167.21 11.281 169.98 11.339 172.72 11.394 175.47 11.452 178.25 11.510 181.95 11.595 184.68 11.648 187.46 11.706 190.19 11.766 192.90 11.828 195.58 11.879 198.28 11.941 201.01 12.005 204.62 12.081 207.30 12.142 210.00 12.203 212.68 12.253 215.33 12.319 218.00 12.379 220.66 12.430 223.41 12.489 226.80 12.570 229.54 12.631 232.24 12.684 234.90 12.751 237.62 12.809 240.33 12.871 243.04 12.930 245.71 12.994 249.35 13.069 252.03 13.125 254.73 13.190 257.42 13.243 260.12 13.305 262.84 13.368 265.52 13.431 268.23 13.487 271.86 13.569 274.58 13.630 277.23 13.681 279.95 13.754 282.68 13.806 285.41 13.864 288.09 13.924 290.81 13.979 294.22 14.049 296.92 14.115 299.66 14.171 301.66 14.205 303.53 14.245 305.39 14.287 307.25 14.337 309.13 14.371 311.64 14.430 313.52 14.471 315.39 14.514 317.27 14.560 319.14 14.603 321.02 14.646 322.89 14.686 325.62 14.744 327.51 14.785 329.38 14.832 331.27 14.878 333.16 14.922 335.02 14.966 336.98 15.016 338.82 15.049 341.37 15.114 343.20 15.157 345.10 15.205 346.93 15.247 348.80 15.286 350.65 15.333 352.55 15.379