# Global Database of Borehole Temperatures and Climate Reconstructions - JP-KoshigayaHigashi #--------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #--------------------------------------------------------------- # # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1000589 # Online_Resource: http://www.earth.lsa.umich.edu/climate/RECONSTRUCTION/JP-KoshigayaHigashi.html # # Archive: Borehole # # Parameter_Keywords: reconstruction #------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2016-10-16 #------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Global Database of Borehole Temperatures and Climate Reconstructions - JP-KoshigayaHigashi #------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Huang, S.; Pollack, H.N.; Shen, P.Y. #------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This project has as its goal the design, assembly, analysis and interpretation of geothermal observations on # continents relevant to understanding the nature and causes of climate change over the past five centuries. The project was # inititated by the Geothermal Laboratory of the University of Michigan, USA. Important collaborations have been developed # with the Geophysical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and with a working group of the International Heat Flow # Commission of IASPEI. Funding for this project has come from the U.S. National Science Foundation, the U.S. National # Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the International Geological Correlation Program, and the Czech - U.S. Science and # Technology Program. The principal components of the database are: # (1) Basic geothermal observations from field surveys and laboratory measurements, principally comprising borehole # temperature logs and thermophysical properties. This section includes data only from boreholes at least 200 m deep. The # data listed are restricted to the range 20-600 meters. Data above 20 m have been omitted because they include annual # variability, and data below 600 m have not been included because they contain no information about the past 500 # years.Quality control measures have occasionally required the deletion of other data within the 20-600 m range. # (2) A five-century ground surface temperature history derived for each site by a standardized inversion procedure # operating on the basic observations. The derived history is presented as century-long temperature trends for each of the # past five centuries. This representation emphasizes longer term variations of the climate history, and thus is # complementary to high resolution proxies such as tree rings, ice cores, corals and lake sediments. # (3) The name of the person who can be contacted to learn more about the data and the site. This is either the name of the # original investigator who made the observations, or the name of a regional or national data compiler. Some data remain # proprietary, and therefore are not accessible directly from this database. Database users desiring access to these data # should request the data directly from the person listed as the data contact. A list of investigators engaged in climate # studies involving geothermal data can be found at the original web site of this database at the University of Michigan. # # Updated version of dataset submitted by Huang in October 2016. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Huang, S., Pollack, H. N., and Shen, P.Y. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2000-02-17 # Published_Title: Temperature trends over the past five centuries reconstructed from borehole temperatures # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: 403 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 756-758 # DOI: 10.1038/35001556 # Abstract: For an accurate assessment of the relative roles of natural variability and anthropogenic influence in the Earth's climate, reconstructions of past temperatures from the pre-industrial as well as the industrial period are essential. But instrumental records are typically available for no more than the past 150 years. Therefore reconstructions of pre-industrial climate rely principally on traditional climate proxy records, each with particular strengths and limitations in representing climatic variability. Subsurface temperatures comprise an independent archive of past surface temperature changes that is complementary to both the instrumental record and the climate proxies. Here we use present-day temperatures in 616 boreholes from all continents except Antarctica to reconstruct century-long trends in temperatures over the past 500 years at global, hemispheric and continental scales. The results confirm the unusual warming of the twentieth century revealed by the instrumental record6, but suggest that the cumulative change over the past five centuries amounts to about 1 K, exceeding recent estimates from conventional climate proxies. The strength of temperature reconstructions from boreholes lies in the detection of long-term trends, complementary to conventional climate proxies, but to obtain a complete picture of past warming, the differences between the approaches need to be investigated in detail. #---------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 1202673 #---------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: JP-KoshigayaHigashi # Location: Japan # Northernmost_Latitude: 35.90 # Southernmost_Latitude: 35.90 # Easternmost_Longitude: 139.82 # Westernmost_Longitude: 139.82 # Elevation: #------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: JP-KoshigayaHigashi-borehole # Earliest_Year: 1500 # Most_Recent_Year: 2004 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: # Notes: Data Contact: M. Taniguchi (JP) # Pre-1500 Baseline GST (oC): 15.72 # Date (Century) Rate of GST Change(K/100a) # 16th -0.008 # 17th -0.212 # 18th -0.598 # 19th -0.974 # 20th 1.265 # Date of logging (Year): 2003.14 # Thermal Conductivity (W/m/K): 1.36 # Geothermal Gradient (K/km): 19.25 # #------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #------------------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow (marked with '##') # Variables list: shortname-tab- 9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, Temperature for Character or Numeric data ## depth_m depth,,, m,,,below surface,,N ## temp_meas temperature,,,degrees Celsius,,borehole,measured,,N #------------------------- # Data: # Missing Values: NA depth_m temp_meas 50.00 16.060 52.00 16.080 54.00 16.110 56.00 16.140 58.00 16.170 60.00 16.200 62.00 16.240 64.00 16.270 66.00 16.310 68.00 16.350 70.00 16.390 72.00 16.420 74.00 16.460 76.00 16.510 78.00 16.550 80.00 16.590 82.00 16.630 84.00 16.680 86.00 16.730 88.00 16.770 90.00 16.810 92.00 16.860 94.00 16.920 96.00 16.970 98.00 17.010 100.00 17.060 102.00 17.120 104.00 17.150 106.00 17.210 108.00 17.260 110.00 17.300 112.00 17.370 114.00 17.410 116.00 17.460 118.00 17.530 120.00 17.560 122.00 17.610 124.00 17.650 126.00 17.720 128.00 17.780 130.00 17.820 132.00 17.880 134.00 17.920 136.00 17.980 138.00 18.030 140.00 18.080 142.00 18.130 144.00 18.190 146.00 18.240 148.00 18.300 150.00 18.330 152.00 18.390 154.00 18.440 156.00 18.480 158.00 18.530 160.00 18.570 162.00 18.620 164.00 18.670 166.00 18.710 168.00 18.740 170.00 18.790 172.00 18.830 174.00 18.870 176.00 18.920 178.00 18.970 180.00 19.020 182.00 19.060 184.00 19.110 186.00 19.160 188.00 19.200 190.00 19.240 192.00 19.290 194.00 19.330 196.00 19.370 198.00 19.410 200.00 19.460 202.00 19.500 204.00 19.540 206.00 19.580 208.00 19.620 210.00 19.660 212.00 19.690 214.00 19.730 216.00 19.770 218.00 19.810 220.00 19.840 222.00 19.880 224.00 19.910 226.00 19.950 228.00 19.990 230.00 20.020 232.00 20.050 234.00 20.100 236.00 20.130 238.00 20.170 240.00 20.210 242.00 20.240 244.00 20.270 246.00 20.310 248.00 20.350 250.00 20.410 252.00 20.460 254.00 20.500 256.00 20.550 258.00 20.590 260.00 20.640 262.00 20.700 264.00 20.730 266.00 20.780 268.00 20.830 270.00 20.880 272.00 20.920 274.00 20.960 276.00 21.020 278.00 21.050 280.00 21.100 282.00 21.140 284.00 21.170 286.00 21.220 288.00 21.270 290.00 21.320 292.00 21.370 294.00 21.410 296.00 21.460 298.00 21.510 300.00 21.530