# Global Database of Borehole Temperatures and Climate Reconstructions - UK-BALLYMACILROY #--------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #--------------------------------------------------------------- # # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1001078 # Online_Resource: http://www.earth.lsa.umich.edu/climate/RECONSTRUCTION/UK-BALLYMACILROY.html # # Archive: Borehole # # Parameter_Keywords: reconstruction #------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2016-10-16 #------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Global Database of Borehole Temperatures and Climate Reconstructions - UK-BALLYMACILROY #------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Huang, S.; Pollack, H.N.; Shen, P.Y. #------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This project has as its goal the design, assembly, analysis and interpretation of geothermal observations on # continents relevant to understanding the nature and causes of climate change over the past five centuries. The project was # inititated by the Geothermal Laboratory of the University of Michigan, USA. Important collaborations have been developed # with the Geophysical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and with a working group of the International Heat Flow # Commission of IASPEI. Funding for this project has come from the U.S. National Science Foundation, the U.S. National # Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the International Geological Correlation Program, and the Czech - U.S. Science and # Technology Program. The principal components of the database are: # (1) Basic geothermal observations from field surveys and laboratory measurements, principally comprising borehole # temperature logs and thermophysical properties. This section includes data only from boreholes at least 200 m deep. The # data listed are restricted to the range 20-600 meters. Data above 20 m have been omitted because they include annual # variability, and data below 600 m have not been included because they contain no information about the past 500 # years.Quality control measures have occasionally required the deletion of other data within the 20-600 m range. # (2) A five-century ground surface temperature history derived for each site by a standardized inversion procedure # operating on the basic observations. The derived history is presented as century-long temperature trends for each of the # past five centuries. This representation emphasizes longer term variations of the climate history, and thus is # complementary to high resolution proxies such as tree rings, ice cores, corals and lake sediments. # (3) The name of the person who can be contacted to learn more about the data and the site. This is either the name of the # original investigator who made the observations, or the name of a regional or national data compiler. Some data remain # proprietary, and therefore are not accessible directly from this database. Database users desiring access to these data # should request the data directly from the person listed as the data contact. A list of investigators engaged in climate # studies involving geothermal data can be found at the original web site of this database at the University of Michigan. # # Updated version of dataset submitted by Huang in October 2016. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Huang, S., Pollack, H. N., and Shen, P.Y. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2000-02-17 # Published_Title: Temperature trends over the past five centuries reconstructed from borehole temperatures # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: 403 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 756-758 # DOI: 10.1038/35001556 # Abstract: For an accurate assessment of the relative roles of natural variability and anthropogenic influence in the Earth's climate, reconstructions of past temperatures from the pre-industrial as well as the industrial period are essential. But instrumental records are typically available for no more than the past 150 years. Therefore reconstructions of pre-industrial climate rely principally on traditional climate proxy records, each with particular strengths and limitations in representing climatic variability. Subsurface temperatures comprise an independent archive of past surface temperature changes that is complementary to both the instrumental record and the climate proxies. Here we use present-day temperatures in 616 boreholes from all continents except Antarctica to reconstruct century-long trends in temperatures over the past 500 years at global, hemispheric and continental scales. The results confirm the unusual warming of the twentieth century revealed by the instrumental record6, but suggest that the cumulative change over the past five centuries amounts to about 1 K, exceeding recent estimates from conventional climate proxies. The strength of temperature reconstructions from boreholes lies in the detection of long-term trends, complementary to conventional climate proxies, but to obtain a complete picture of past warming, the differences between the approaches need to be investigated in detail. #---------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 1202673 #---------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: UK-BALLYMACILROY # Location: United Kingdom # Northernmost_Latitude: 54.79 # Southernmost_Latitude: 54.79 # Easternmost_Longitude: -6.33 # Westernmost_Longitude: -6.33 # Elevation: #------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: UK-BALLYMACILROY-borehole # Earliest_Year: 1500 # Most_Recent_Year: 1980 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: # Notes: Data Contact: K.E. Rollin (UK) # Pre-1500 Baseline GST (oC): 9.754 # Date (Century) Rate of GST Change(K/100a) # 16th -0.198 # 17th -0.347 # 18th -0.375 # 19th 0.147 # 20th 1.300 # Date of logging (Year): 1979.5 # Thermal Conductivity (W/m/K): 1.66 # Geothermal Gradient (K/km): 35.27 # #------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #------------------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow (marked with '##') # Variables list: shortname-tab- 9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, Temperature for Character or Numeric data ## depth_m depth,,, m,,,below surface,,N ## temp_meas temperature,,,degrees Celsius,,borehole,measured,,N #------------------------- # Data: # Missing Values: NA depth_m temp_meas 21.60 10.160 24.68 10.270 27.77 10.390 30.85 10.480 33.94 10.600 37.03 10.710 40.11 10.820 43.20 10.920 46.28 11.030 49.37 11.140 52.45 11.260 55.54 11.370 58.62 11.480 61.71 11.590 64.80 11.700 67.88 11.800 70.97 11.910 74.05 12.020 77.14 12.130 80.22 12.250 83.31 12.340 86.39 12.460 89.48 12.580 92.56 12.670 95.65 12.760 98.74 12.880 101.82 12.990 104.91 13.080 107.99 13.180 111.08 13.320 114.16 13.470 117.25 13.610 120.33 13.720 123.42 13.850 126.51 13.960 129.59 14.060 132.68 14.150 135.76 14.260 138.85 14.370 141.93 14.470 145.02 14.580 148.10 14.720 151.19 14.840 154.27 14.930 157.36 15.050 160.45 15.170 163.53 15.270 166.62 15.440 169.70 15.560 172.79 15.670 175.87 15.800 178.96 15.920 182.04 16.040 185.13 16.160 188.21 16.280 191.30 16.390 194.39 16.510 197.47 16.610 200.56 16.710 203.64 16.820 206.73 16.930 209.81 17.020 212.90 17.150 215.98 17.260 219.07 17.370 222.16 17.490 225.24 17.600 228.33 17.720 231.41 17.850 234.50 17.960 237.58 18.060 240.67 18.160 243.75 18.290 246.84 18.410 249.92 18.520 253.01 18.620 256.10 18.720 259.18 18.820 262.27 18.930 265.35 19.050 268.44 19.170 271.52 19.270 274.61 19.380 277.69 19.490 280.78 19.600 283.87 19.720 286.95 19.860 290.04 19.980 293.12 20.090 296.21 20.220 299.29 20.310 302.38 20.410 305.46 20.530 308.55 20.620 311.63 20.720 314.72 20.840 317.81 20.950 320.89 21.060 323.98 21.160 327.06 21.240 330.15 21.330 333.23 21.430 336.32 21.550 339.40 21.660 342.49 21.780 345.57 21.890 348.66 22.000 351.75 22.120 354.83 22.240 357.92 22.340 361.00 22.450 364.09 22.540 367.17 22.650 370.26 22.780 373.34 22.910 376.43 23.030 379.52 23.140 382.60 23.270 385.69 23.380 388.77 23.490 391.86 23.590 394.94 23.670 398.03 23.780 401.11 23.900 404.20 24.010 407.28 24.120 410.37 24.230 413.46 24.340 416.54 24.470 419.63 24.580 422.71 24.680 425.80 24.780 428.88 24.880 431.97 24.970 435.05 25.080 438.14 25.180 441.23 25.290 444.31 25.400 447.40 25.520 450.48 25.620 453.57 25.720 456.65 25.840 459.74 25.960 462.82 26.060 465.91 26.160 468.99 26.290 472.08 26.350 475.17 26.480 478.25 26.600 481.34 26.730 484.42 26.910 487.51 27.030 490.59 27.090 493.68 27.180