# Paleo-pCO2 Database ODP668 Early Pleistocene Boron Isotope and CO2 Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25490 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/boron_isotopes_dyez_2018.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Forcing # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: carbon dioxide #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2018-10-31 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2020-02-25 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Paleo-pCO2 Database ODP668 Early Pleistocene Boron Isotope and CO2 Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Dyez, K.A.; Hönisch, B.; Schmidt, G.A. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Paleo-CO2 derived from boron isotope measurements on marine sediment core ODP668 the early Pleistocene 1.53-1.38 ma), # plus secondary Mg/Ca-based SST reconstructions, contributed to the Paleo-pCO2 Database. # Provided Keywords: boron isotopes, paleo-pCO2 # File updated February 2020 - new Paleo-pCO2 Database format #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Dyez, Kelsey A.; Hönisch, Bärbel; Schmidt, Gavin A. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018 # Published_Title: Early Pleistocene obliquty-scale pCO2 variability at ~1.5 million years ago # Journal_Name: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology # Volume: in press # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: In the early Pleistocene, global temperature cycles predominantly varied with ~41-kyr (obliquity-scale) periodicity. Atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations likely played a role in these climate cycles; marine sediments provide an indirect geochemical means to estimate early Pleistocene CO2. Here we present a boron isotope-based record of continuous high-resolution surface ocean pH and inferred atmospheric CO2 changes. Our results show that, within a window of time in the early Pleistocene (1.38-1.54 Ma), pCO2 varied with obliquity, confirming that, analogous to late Pleistocene conditions, the carbon cycle and climate co-varied at ~1.5 Ma. Pairing the reconstructed early Pleistocene pCO2 amplitude (92 ±13 matm) with a comparably smaller global surface temperature glacial/interglacial amplitude (3.0 ±0.5 K), yields a surface temperature change to CO2 radiative forcing ratio of S[CO2]~0.75 (±0.5) degC/Wm-2, as compared to the late Pleistocene S[CO2] value of ~1.75 (±0.6) degC/Wm-2. This direct comparison of pCO2 and temperature implicitly incorporates the large ice sheet forcing as an internal feedback and is not directly applicable to future warming. We evaluate this result with a simple climate model, and show that the presumably thinner, though extensive, northern hemisphere ice sheets would increase surface temperature sensitivity to radiative forcing. Thus, the mechanism to dampen actual temperature variability in the early Pleistocene more likely lies with Southern Ocean circulation dynamics or antiphase hemispheric forcing. We also compile this new carbon dioxide record with published Plio-Pleistocene d11B records using consistent boundary conditions and explore potential reasons for the discrepancy between Pliocene pCO2 based on different planktic foraminifera. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: EAR-1349616 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: ODP668 # Location: Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 4.77 # Southernmost_Latitude: 4.77 # Easternmost_Longitude: -20.93 # Westernmost_Longitude: -20.93 # Elevation: -2693 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Dyez2018ODP668boron # Earliest_Year: 1535666 # Most_Recent_Year: 1384000 # Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # Basic Info REFERENCE AND CONTACT INFORMATION SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION AGE CONSTRAINTS ANALYTICAL SPECIFICATIONS VITAL EFFECT CALCULATED d11Bborate ACCESSORY INPUTS METHOD OF TEMPERATURE DETERMINATION ALTERNATIVE METHOD OF TEMPERATURE RECONSTRUCTION SEAWATER COMPOSITION AQUEOUS BORON ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION PARAMETERIZATION OF CO2 CALCULATION SECOND PARAMETER OF THE CARBONATE SYSTEM CALCULATED PARAMETERS OF THE CARBONATE SYSTEM alternative Age (in case different models are available) d11B (relative to SRM 951) d11Bc/d11Bborate calibration slope d11Bc/d11Bborate calibration intercept pressure (i.e. depth of foraminifer habitat) Temperature Mg/Ca e.g., Alkenone UK'37, TEX 86 Salinity [Ca] of seawater at S=35 [Mg] of seawater at S=35 [SO4] of seawater at S=35 [B]T of seawater at S=35 d11Bsw pKB aB3-B4 if applicable proxy first_author_last_name publication_year doi age_ka Age_uncertainty_pos_ka Age_uncertainty_neg_ka CO2_ppm CO2_uncertainty_pos_ppm CO2_uncertainty_neg_ppm Name of individual entering the data Contact email Reference of the data product DOI link to reference Site (DSDP/ODP/IODP or other site number) Hole Core Section top cm bottom cm core depth below seafloor (meters, specify CSF-A or CSF-B where applicable, original IODP record)a core composite depth below seafloor (meters, CCSF)a reference for composite depth Location (e.g., Atlantic, Carribbean, South China Sea etc.) Modern Latitude (decimal degree, south negative) Modern Longitude (decimal degree, west negative) Paleo Latitude (decimal degree, south negative) Paleo Longitude (decimal degree, west negative) Modern elevation (m), below sea level negative Paleo elevation (m), below sea level negative reference and Method to determine Paleo position notes about any flags in the studied core section Age (ka) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s Age uncertainty pos (ka) 2s Age uncertainty neg (ka) Age Scale (GTS 20XX) age method (nannofossil biostratigraphy, radiolaria, magnetic polarity, radiometric etc.) reference to age model, if different from primary reference of data set Age (ka) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s Age uncertainty pos (ka) 2s Age uncertainty neg (ka) Age Scale (GTS 20XX) age method (nannofossil biostratigraphy, radiolaria, magnetic polarity, radiometric etc.) reference to age model, if different from primary reference of data set foraminifer species analyzed foraminifer size class (µm) number of foraminifera shells per sample total sample weight (mg) Reference for sample cleaning procedure Boron separation method (e.g., column chemistry, microsublimation) analytical Method (e.g., MC-ICP-MS, P-TIMS, N-TIMS etc) d11B of individual replicate measurements of the same solution; separate by commas n of replicate measurements 2se of replicates ( [ 2* (sd/sqrt(n))] ) d11B (‰, average of replicates) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, specify whether uncertainty is presented as standard deviation or standard error) 2s uncertainty (report internal or external reproducibility, whichever is larger) slope value type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution) 2s uncertainty intercept value type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution) 2s uncertainty Reference for calibration slope Notes (e.g., shell size corrected?) d11Bborate (‰) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution) 2s uncertainty notes about uncertainty estimate: e.g., included calibration slope and intercept Error propagation method depth habitat (m) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s uncertainty temperature (°C) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s temperature pos (°C) 2s temperature neg (°C) Mg/Ca of individual replicate measurements; separate replicates by commas Mg/Ca (mmol/mol, average of replicates) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s Mg uncertainty pos (mmol/mol) 2s Mg/Ca uncertainty neg (mmol/mol) temperature calibration equation reference for temperature calibration equation Mg/Casw correction Mg/Casw correction reference salinity correction (list reference if applied) dissolution correction (list reference if applied) pH correction (list reference if applied) proxy value of individual replicate measurements; separate replicates by commas average proxy value (please specify units) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s uncertainty temperature calibration equation reference for temperature calibration equation used same sample material as for d11B analyses? If not, provide details Salinity (unit-less) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s uncertainty method of salinity estimation (list reference if applicable) [Ca] (mol/kg) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s uncertainty reference for [Ca] of seawater value [Mg] (mol/kg) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s uncertainty reference for [Mg] of seawater value [SO4] (mol/kg) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s uncertainty reference for [SO4] of seawater value [B]T (µmol/kg) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s uncertainty reference for [B]T value d11Bsw (‰) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s uncertainty reference for d11Bsw reference for pKB and for correction of major ion composition, if applied reference for pressure effect on pKB value for aB3-B4 type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s uncertainty reference for aB3-B4 equation for temperature correction of aB3-B4 (if applied) reference for temperature correction of aB3-B4 (if applied) CO2 calculation program and version, e.g. CO2SYS, seacarb, other (please specify) reference for pK0 and for correction of major ion composition, if applied reference for pK1 and for correction of major ion composition, if applied reference for pK2 and for correction of major ion composition, if applied reference for pKHSO4 reference for pKspcalcite and pKsparagonite and for correction of major ion composition, if applied reference for pressure effect on pKspcalcite and pKsparagonite Parameter used (e.g., alkalinity, DIC, [CO32-] Method for deriving 2nd parameter (e.g., CCD, W, LOSCAR, GENIE, code can be submitted as supplement) Reference for second parameter (if not primary reference of data set) central value (µmol/kg) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s uncertainty pos (µmol/kg) 2s uncertainty neg (µmol/kg) Wcalcite (if used as a constraint) type of uncertainty (e.g., set value, normal distribution, +/- range) 2s uncertainty pos 2s uncertainty neg pH pH scale reported (e.g., total scale, seawater scale) 2s uncertainty pos 2s uncertainty neg Aqueous pCO2 (µatm) Air-sea pCO2 disequilibrium (µatm) Notes about air-sea disequilibrium: what is the estimate based on; are there assumptions on seasonality? bAtmospheric pCO2 (i.e. after correction for any modern air-sea disequilibrium, µatm) 2s pCO2 uncertainty pos 2s pCO2 uncertainty neg Error propagation method (code can be provided in supplement) parameters included in the error propagation (e.g., calibration uncertainty, d11Bsw, T, S, second parameter of the carbonate system) cAlkalinity (µmol/kg, if not used as an input parameter) 2s alkalinity uncertainty pos 2s alkalinity uncertainty neg DIC (µmol/kg, if not used as an input parameter 2s DIC uncertainty pos 2s DIC uncertainty neg Wcalcite, if not used as an input parameter 2s uncertainty Wcalcite pos 2s uncertainty Wcalcite neg Waragonite, if not used as an input parameter 2s uncertainty Waragonite pos 2s uncertainty Waragonite neg Additional Notes boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1384 NA NA 213.9 24.0 24.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 33 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 6 92 94 20.63 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1384 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 52 4.77 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.91,22.07,21.56,22.00,21.84,21.85,21.39 7 0.18 21.80 normal distribution, standard error 0.21 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.07 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.51 set value 2.4 2.4 3.765 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.10 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.207 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.07 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2389 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.26 total 0.04 0.04 213.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 213.9 24 24 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1393 NA NA 282.2 39.9 39.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 33 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 6 105 107 20.76 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1393 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 20 1.90 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.02,20.81,21.33,20.46,20.52 5 0.32 20.83 normal distribution, standard error 0.32 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.74 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.65 set value 2.4 2.4 3.482 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.193 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.98 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2384 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.05 0.05 282.2 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 282.2 40 40 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1397 NA NA 271.2 31.4 31.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 33 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 6 112 114 20.83 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1397 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 42 3.79 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.86,21.20,21.22,21.21,20.65,20.59,20.76 7 0.21 20.93 normal distribution, standard error 0.21 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.87 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.37 set value 2.4 2.4 3.391 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.08 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.184 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.97 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2383 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 271.2 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 271.2 31 31 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1402 NA NA 320.2 44.4 44.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 33 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 6 119 121 20.9 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1402 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 30 2.36 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.04,20.30,20.41,20.38,20.14 5 0.14 20.26 normal distribution, standard error 0.25 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 18.95 set value 0.31 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.46 set value 2.4 2.4 2.855 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.06 0.06 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.07 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.177 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.05 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2388 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.05 0.05 320.2 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 320.2 44 44 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1408 NA NA 326.8 64.8 64.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 37 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 6 126 128 20.97 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1408 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 25 2.10 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.19,20.60,20.58,19.85,20.35,21.38,19.30 7 0.49 20.32 normal distribution, standard error 0.49 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.04 set value 0.52 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.54 set value 2.4 2.4 3.142 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.06 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.170 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.33 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2407 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.12 total 0.07 0.07 326.8 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 326.8 65 65 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1414 NA NA 260.5 30.8 30.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 38 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 6 133 135 21.04 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1414 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 65 6.14 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.02,21.05,21.14,21.05,21.10,20.76 6 0.11 21.02 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.00 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.58 set value 2.4 2.4 3.152 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.05 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.162 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.34 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2407 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.04 0.04 260.5 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 260.5 31 31 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1420 NA NA 200.8 27.3 27.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 39 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 6 140 142 21.11 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1420 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 14 1.22 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.99,21.88,21.77 3 0.13 21.88 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.18 set value 0.34 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.08 set value 2.4 2.4 3.295 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.04 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.154 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.13 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2394 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.28 total 0.05 0.05 200.8 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 200.8 27 27 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1425 NA NA 234.2 28.1 28.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 40 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 6 147 149 21.18 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1425 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 23 1.81 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.42,21.47,21.62,21.17,21.27 5 0.16 21.39 normal distribution, standard error 0.25 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.50 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.44 set value 2.4 2.4 3.400 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.03 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.147 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.91 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2379 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.23 total 0.04 0.04 234.2 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 234.2 28 28 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1430 NA NA 225.8 30.7 30.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 41 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 7 2 4 21.25 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1430 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 20 1.40 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.58,21.49,21.53 3 0.05 21.53 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.70 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.80 set value 2.4 2.4 3.509 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.02 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.141 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.83 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2374 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.24 total 0.05 0.05 225.8 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 225.8 31 31 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1436 NA NA 241.9 41.3 41.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 42 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 7 9 11 21.32 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1436 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 23 2.02 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.33 1 NA 21.33 normal distribution, standard error 0.57 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.43 set value 0.46 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.03 set value 2.4 2.4 3.582 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.01 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.134 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.83 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2374 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.06 0.06 241.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 241.9 41 41 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1441 NA NA 284.9 35.7 35.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 43 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 7 16 18 21.39 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1441 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 72 5.50 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.46,20.25,20.93,20.93,21.13,21.12,20.80 7 0.25 20.80 normal distribution, standard error 0.25 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.70 set value 0.27 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.79 set value 2.4 2.4 3.502 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.00 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.127 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.87 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2377 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.04 0.04 284.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 284.9 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1446 NA NA 286.7 41.2 41.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 44 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 7 23 25 21.46 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1446 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 45 2.79 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.68,21.03,21.34,20.75,20.35 5 0.33 20.83 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.74 set value 0.34 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.30 set value 2.4 2.4 3.665 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.01 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.120 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.89 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2378 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.05 0.05 286.7 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 286.7 41 41 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1451 NA NA 256.5 49.5 49.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 45 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 7 30 32 21.53 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1451 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 45 2.68 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.70,21.62,21.08 3 0.53 21.14 normal distribution, standard error 0.53 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.16 set value 0.53 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.57 set value 2.4 2.4 3.430 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.02 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.114 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.10 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2392 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.06 0.06 256.5 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 256.5 50 50 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1456 NA NA 237.1 29.9 29.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 46 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 7 37 39 21.6 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1456 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 22 2.00 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.52,21.35,21.45,21.38 4 0.07 21.42 normal distribution, standard error 0.28 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.55 set value 0.28 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.53 set value 2.4 2.4 3.414 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.03 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.108 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.49 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2417 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.23 total 0.04 0.04 237.1 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 237.1 30 30 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1459 NA NA 260.7 31.9 31.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 47 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 7 42 45 21.66 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1459 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 30 2.04 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.06,21.08,21.05,21.03,21.09 5 0.02 21.06 normal distribution, standard error 0.25 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.05 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.85 set value 2.4 2.4 3.212 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.04 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.102 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.49 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2417 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.04 0.04 260.7 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 260.7 32 32 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1465 NA NA 248.9 28.9 28.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 48 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 3 5 21.74 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1465 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 31 2.54 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.14,21.67,21.23,21.00,21.28,21.24 6 0.18 21.26 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.33 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.66 set value 2.4 2.4 3.450 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.05 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.095 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.29 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2404 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.04 0.04 248.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 248.9 29 29 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1474 NA NA 278.5 32.2 32.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 49 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 17 19 21.88 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1474 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 66 4.79 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.90,20.58,20.29,20.95,21.21,20.87,20.83,20.80 8 0.19 20.80 normal distribution, standard error 0.20 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.70 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.03 set value 2.4 2.4 3.259 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.06 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.086 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.88 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2377 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.04 0.04 278.5 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 278.5 32 32 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1478 NA NA 271.9 31.8 31.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 50 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 24 26 21.95 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1478 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 40 3.55 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.03,21.13,21.28,20.68,20.77,20.55,20.80 7 0.20 20.89 normal distribution, standard error 0.21 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.82 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.13 set value 2.4 2.4 3.283 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.07 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.079 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.93 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2381 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 271.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 271.9 32 32 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1483 NA NA 226.5 24.9 24.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 51 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 31 33 22.02 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1483 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 45 3.55 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.57,21.51,21.44,21.49,21.51,21.07,21.48,21.51 8 0.11 21.45 normal distribution, standard error 0.20 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.59 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.86 set value 2.4 2.4 3.203 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.08 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.073 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.96 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2382 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.24 total 0.04 0.04 226.5 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 226.5 25 25 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1490 NA NA 292.2 34.4 34.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 52 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 45 47 22.16 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1490 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 31 2.31 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.44,20.93,21.04,20.83,21.16,20.63,20.71 7 0.19 20.82 normal distribution, standard error 0.21 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.73 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.66 set value 2.4 2.4 3.763 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.063 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.04 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2388 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.04 0.04 292.2 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 292.2 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1493 NA NA 214.6 24.1 24.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 53 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 52 54 22.23 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1493 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 41 3.48 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.61,21.93,21.36,21.83,21.54,21.89,22.10 7 0.19 21.75 normal distribution, standard error 0.21 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.00 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.82 set value 2.4 2.4 3.487 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.10 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.059 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.26 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2402 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.26 total 0.04 0.04 214.6 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 214.6 24 24 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1496 NA NA 201.0 23.5 23.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 54 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 60 62 22.31 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1496 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 64 4.46 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.77,22.02,22.09,21.82,22.16,22.00 6 0.12 21.98 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.31 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.69 set value 2.4 2.4 3.446 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.11 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.055 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.48 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2417 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.28 total 0.04 0.04 201.0 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 201.0 24 24 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1499 NA NA 223.8 23.0 23.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 55 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 66 68 22.37 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1499 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 30 2.34 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.69,22.38,21.97,21.49,21.76,21.52,21.57 7 0.24 21.66 normal distribution, standard error 0.16 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.88 set value 0.16 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.05 set value 2.4 2.4 3.559 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.12 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.051 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.51 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2419 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.25 total 0.04 0.04 223.8 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 223.8 23 23 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1502 NA NA 182.9 21.3 21.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 56 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 73 76 22.44 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1502 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 44 4.11 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 22.27,22.46,22.09,22.01,22.00,22.30,22.21 7 0.13 22.19 normal distribution, standard error 0.21 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.60 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.71 set value 2.4 2.4 3.152 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.13 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.048 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.48 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2417 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.31 total 0.04 0.04 182.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 182.9 21 21 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1506 NA NA 249.1 28.7 28.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 57 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 80 82 22.51 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1506 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 65 3.83 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.73,20.88,20.88,21.08,21.32,21.69,20.73,20.92,21.05,21.23,21.14,21.18 13 0.17 21.15 normal distribution, standard error 0.18 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.18 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.46 set value 2.4 2.4 3.083 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.14 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.045 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.34 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2407 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.04 0.04 249.1 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 249.1 29 29 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1509 NA NA 276.6 33.9 33.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 58 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 87 89 22.58 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1509 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 44 4.07 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.69,20.46,21.05,21.03,21.30 5 0.30 20.90 normal distribution, standard error 0.24 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.83 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.46 set value 2.4 2.4 3.370 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.15 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.043 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2398 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 276.6 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 276.6 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1512 NA NA 223.2 26.7 26.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 59 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 94 96 22.65 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1512 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 42 3.49 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.39,21.50,21.93,22.11,21.57,21.74,21.47,20.95 8 0.25 21.58 normal distribution, standard error 0.25 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.77 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.60 set value 2.4 2.4 3.412 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.16 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.040 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.11 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2392 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.25 total 0.04 0.04 223.2 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 223.2 27 27 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1516 NA NA 298.9 37.9 37.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 60 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 101 103 22.72 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1516 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 100 4.94 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.38,20.47,20.56,20.37,20.83,21.11 6 0.24 20.62 normal distribution, standard error 0.24 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.45 set value 0.27 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.16 set value 2.4 2.4 3.280 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.17 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.037 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.09 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2391 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.04 0.04 298.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 298.9 38 38 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1519 NA NA 277.9 34.9 34.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 61 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 108 110 22.79 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1519 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 80 6.11 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.18,20.61,20.59,20.93,20.93 5 0.22 20.85 normal distribution, standard error 0.25 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.76 set value 0.27 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.17 set value 2.4 2.4 3.283 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.18 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.035 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.09 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2391 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.04 0.04 277.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 277.9 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1522 NA NA 283.6 39.3 39.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 62 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 115 117 22.86 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1522 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 61 5.25 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.43,20.71,20.98,21.13 4 0.31 20.81 normal distribution, standard error 0.31 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.71 set value 0.32 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.47 set value 2.4 2.4 3.371 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.19 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.032 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.10 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2392 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.05 0.05 283.6 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 283.6 39 39 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1526 NA NA 305.9 36.2 36.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 63 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 122 124 22.93 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1526 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 59 5.09 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.76,20.37,20.75,20.43,21.13,20.66,20.49,20.75 8 0.17 20.67 normal distribution, standard error 0.20 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.52 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.39 set value 2.4 2.4 3.661 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.20 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.029 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.16 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2395 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 305.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 305.9 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1529 NA NA 255.8 27.4 27.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 64 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 129 132 23 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1529 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 77 6.13 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.29,21.07,21.23,21.08,21.05,21.23,20.95,21.47,20.48,21.38,21.54 11 0.18 21.16 normal distribution, standard error 0.18 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.19 set value 0.18 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.54 set value 2.4 2.4 3.391 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.21 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.026 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.28 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2404 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.04 0.04 255.8 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 255.8 27 27 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1536 NA NA 295.5 36.9 36.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 65 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 143 145 23.14 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.7705 -20.927 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 1536 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA T. sacculifer >500 119 6.48 Barker et al., 2003 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.57,21.17,21.06,20.66,20.54,20.24,20.51,20.34 8 0.23 20.64 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.47 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.38 set value 2.4 2.4 3.053 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.22 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.022 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.58 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change (Hönisch et al., 2009) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2423 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.04 0.04 295.5 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 295.5 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 4 NA NA 263.3 30.3 30.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 66 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 1 2 4 0.03 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2693.5 NA NA NA 4 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.99, after cleaning Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.92, 20.90, 20.87 3 0.03 20.9 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.83 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.22 set value 2.4 2.4 3.34 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.184 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.84 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2375 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.19 total 0.04 0.04 263.3 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 263.3 30 30 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 4 NA NA 268.4 31.1 31.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 67 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 1 2 4 0.03 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2692.5 NA NA NA 4 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 30 1.77 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.03, 21.07, 20.42, 20.82 4 0.30 20.84 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.75 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.22 set value 2.4 2.4 3.34 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.184 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.84 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2375 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.19 total 0.04 0.04 268.4 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 268.4 31 31 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 15 NA NA 242.0 26.8 26.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 68 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 1 25 27 0.26 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2691.5 NA NA NA 15 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.54 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.49, 21.26, 21.18 3 0.19 21.31 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.40 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.82 set value 2.4 2.4 3.51 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.143 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.64 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2427 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.04 0.04 242.0 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 242.0 27 27 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 15 NA NA 232.4 25.6 25.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 69 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 1 25 27 0.26 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2690.5 NA NA NA 15 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 30 3.03 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.32, 21.69, 21.33 3 0.24 21.44 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.57 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.82 set value 2.4 2.4 3.51 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.143 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.64 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2427 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.24 total 0.04 0.04 232.4 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 232.4 26 26 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 20 NA NA 178.8 20.4 20.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 70 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 1 33 35 0.34 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2689.5 NA NA NA 20 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 4.76 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.77, 21.14, 20.66 3 0.08 22.12 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.50 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 23.64 set value 2.4 2.4 2.88 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.06 0.06 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.097 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.93 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2446 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.33 total 0.04 0.04 178.8 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 178.8 20 20 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 41 NA NA 213.7 23.6 23.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 71 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 1 70 72 0.71 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2688.5 NA NA NA 41 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.45 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.69, 21.62, 21.35 3 0.21 21.55 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.72 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.21 set value 2.4 2.4 3.01 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.014 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.58 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2423 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.27 total 0.04 0.04 213.7 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 213.7 24 24 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 71 NA NA 242.3 27.3 27.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 72 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 1 105 107 1.06 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2687.5 NA NA NA 71 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.69 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.16, 21.10, 21.03 3 0.08 21.10 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.11 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 23.80 set value 2.4 2.4 2.87 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.06 0.06 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.882 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.49 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2418 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.23 total 0.04 0.04 242.3 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 242.3 27 27 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 114 NA NA 260.1 29.5 29.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 73 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 2 25 27 1.76 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2686.5 NA NA NA 114 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 5.03 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.00, 20.88, 21.19 3 0.18 21.02 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.00 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.86 set value 2.4 2.4 3.41 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.763 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.06 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2389 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.04 0.04 260.1 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 260.1 29 29 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 123 NA NA 303.2 35.9 35.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 74 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 2 39 41 1.9 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2685.5 NA NA NA 123 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.07 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.49, 20.87, 20.80, 20.58 4 0.18 20.68 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.53 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.65 set value 2.4 2.4 4 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.728 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.80 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2372 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 303.2 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 303.2 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 128 NA NA 270.5 30.7 30.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 75 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 2 49 51 2 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2684.5 NA NA NA 128 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.12 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.10, 20.88, 20.98 3 0.13 20.99 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.96 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.85 set value 2.4 2.4 3.72 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.715 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.06 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2389 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 270.5 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 270.5 31 31 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 137 NA NA 197.6 22.0 22.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 76 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 2 70 72 2.21 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2683.5 NA NA NA 137 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 4.06 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.76, 22.02, 21.86 3 0.19 21.81 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.08 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 23.87 set value 2.4 2.4 2.84 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.06 0.06 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.703 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.92 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2445 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.30 total 0.04 0.04 197.6 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 197.6 22 22 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 139 NA NA 177.2 20.4 20.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 77 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 1H 2 74 76 2.25 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2682.5 NA NA NA 139 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.35 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.74, 22.55, 22.39 3 0.50 22.23 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.66 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.48 set value 2.4 2.4 3 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.614 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.92 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2446 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.33 total 0.04 0.04 177.2 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 177.2 20 20 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 329 NA NA 296.9 36.2 36.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 78 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 2 56 58 10.85 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2681.5 NA NA NA 329 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.87 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.36, 20.73, 20.54 3 0.21 20.55 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.36 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.47 set value 2.4 2.4 3.23 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.527 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.82 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.03 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2373 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.04 0.04 296.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 296.9 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 359 NA NA 212.4 23.6 23.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 79 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 2 105 107 11.34 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2680.5 NA NA NA 359 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.9 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.65, 21.47, 21.51 3 0.11 21.54 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.71 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 23.88 set value 2.4 2.4 2.8 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.06 0.06 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.531 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.60 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.04 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2424 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.27 total 0.04 0.04 212.4 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 212.4 24 24 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 367 NA NA 224.2 24.9 24.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 80 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 2 130 132 11.59 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2679.5 NA NA NA 367 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.5 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.09, 21.82, 21.36 3 0.43 21.42 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.55 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.64 set value 2.4 2.4 3 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.538 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.43 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.04 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2414 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.25 total 0.04 0.04 224.2 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 224.2 25 25 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 386 NA NA 251.4 28.4 28.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 81 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 3 14 16 11.92 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2678.5 NA NA NA 386 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.58 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.13, 21.45, 20.73, 21.11 4 0.29 21.10 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.11 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.31 set value 2.4 2.4 3.19 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.545 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.27 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.04 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2403 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.04 0.04 251.4 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 251.4 28 28 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 409 NA NA 297.0 35.4 35.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 82 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 3 56 58 12.34 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2677.5 NA NA NA 409 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.11 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.54, 20.90, 20.55 3 0.24 20.67 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.52 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.83 set value 2.4 2.4 3.66 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.553 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.80 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.04 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2372 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.04 0.04 297.0 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 297.0 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 419 NA NA 274.8 31.7 31.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 83 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 3 70 72 12.48 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2676.5 NA NA NA 419 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.55 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.06, 20.44, 21.15, 20.86 4 0.32 20.88 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.81 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.07 set value 2.4 2.4 3.42 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.574 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.16 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.04 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2396 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 274.8 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 274.8 32 32 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch & Hemming 2005, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 542 NA NA 244.4 27.4 27.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 84 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 4 94 96 14.2 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2675.5 NA NA NA 542 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.82 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.34, 21.30, 20.98, 21.20 4 0.16 21.20 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.25 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.01 set value 2.4 2.4 3.13 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.624 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.61 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.05 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2425 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.04 0.04 244.4 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 244.4 27 27 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 616 NA NA 249.8 28.0 28.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 85 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 5 37 39 15.12 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2674.5 NA NA NA 616 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.99 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.37, 21.09, 21.20 3 0.16 21.22 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.27 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.58 set value 2.4 2.4 3.62 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.682 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.10 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.06 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2392 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.04 0.04 249.8 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 249.8 28 28 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 651 NA NA 174.4 20.4 20.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 86 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 5 73 75 15.48 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2673.5 NA NA NA 651 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 47 2.36 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 22.40, 22.18, 22.28 3 0.13 22.29 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.74 set value 0.27 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.76 set value 2.4 2.4 3.08 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.703 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.73 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.07 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2433 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.33 total 0.04 0.04 174.4 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 174.4 20 20 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 662 NA NA 198.7 22.3 22.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 87 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 5 80 82 15.55 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2672.5 NA NA NA 662 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.19 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.73, 21.81, 21.97 3 0.14 21.84 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.12 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.61 set value 2.4 2.4 3.04 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.711 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.71 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.07 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2431 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.29 total 0.04 0.04 198.7 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 198.7 22 22 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 675 NA NA 216.5 24.1 24.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 88 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 5 87 89 15.62 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2671.5 NA NA NA 675 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.61 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.71, 21.69, 22.16, 21.29, 21.29 5 0.32 21.63 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.83 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.52 set value 2.4 2.4 3.3 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.719 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.56 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.07 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2422 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.26 total 0.04 0.04 216.5 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 216.5 24 24 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 702 NA NA 253.0 28.4 28.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 89 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 6 14 16 16.38 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2670.5 NA NA NA 702 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.82 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.50, 20.97, 21.26 3 0.31 21.24 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.30 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.13 set value 2.4 2.4 3.82 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.728 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.18 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.07 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2397 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.04 0.04 253.0 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 253.0 28 28 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 704 NA NA 263.4 29.9 29.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 90 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 6 25 27 16.49 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2669.5 NA NA NA 704 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.42 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.31, 20.91, 21.01 3 0.24 21.08 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.08 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.75 set value 2.4 2.4 3.69 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.732 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.21 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.07 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2399 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.19 total 0.04 0.04 263.4 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 263.4 30 30 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 731 NA NA 223.8 24.9 24.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 91 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 6 69 71 16.93 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2668.5 NA NA NA 731 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.36 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.75, 21.74, 21.21 3 0.36 21.56 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.74 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.16 set value 2.4 2.4 3.5 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.736 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.35 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.07 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2408 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.25 total 0.04 0.04 223.8 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 223.8 25 25 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 752 NA NA 208.8 23.4 23.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 92 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 2H 6 90 92 17.14 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2667.5 NA NA NA 752 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.33 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 22.05, 21.79, 21.40, 21.41 4 0.32 21.66 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.88 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.55 set value 2.4 2.4 3.03 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.744 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.60 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.08 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2424 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.27 total 0.04 0.04 208.8 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 208.8 23 23 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 892 NA NA 202.0 22.8 22.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 93 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 1 99 101 19.45 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2666.5 NA NA NA 892 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.75 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.90, 21.82, 21.50, 21.98 4 0.21 21.80 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.07 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.91 set value 2.4 2.4 3.12 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.714 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.57 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.09 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2423 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.28 total 0.04 0.04 202.0 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 202.0 23 23 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 950 NA NA 281.7 33.4 33.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 94 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 2 39 41 20.33 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2665.5 NA NA NA 950 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 34 1.77 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.77, 20.84 2 0.07 20.80 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.70 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.40 set value 2.4 2.4 3.56 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.682 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.86 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.10 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2376 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.04 0.04 281.7 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 281.7 33 33 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 953 NA NA 304.7 37.0 37.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 95 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 2 46 48 20.4 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2664.5 NA NA NA 953 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.22 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.41, 20.65, 20.82 3 0.24 20.63 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.46 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.19 set value 2.4 2.4 3.82 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.658 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.86 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.10 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2376 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 304.7 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 304.7 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1073 NA NA 293.3 35.5 35.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 96 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 3 44 46 21.86 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2663.5 NA NA NA 1073 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.59 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.74 ,20.76, 21.05, 20.17 4 0.37 20.68 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.53 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.47 set value 2.4 2.4 3.55 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.606 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.84 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2375 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.04 0.04 293.3 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 293.3 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1079 NA NA 258.1 29.7 29.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 97 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 3 51 53 21.93 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2662.5 NA NA NA 1079 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 30 (1.1) Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.19, 21.15, 20.82, 21.16 4 0.17 21.08 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.08 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.19 set value 2.4 2.4 3.46 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.550 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.10 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2392 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.04 0.04 258.1 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 258.1 30 30 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1168 NA NA 265.5 31.0 31.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 98 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 4 5 7 22.95 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2661.5 NA NA NA 1168 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 33 2.22 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.36, 20.79, 20.81 3 0.37 20.99 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.96 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.25 set value 2.4 2.4 3.45 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.498 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.04 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2388 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.19 total 0.04 0.04 265.5 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 265.5 31 31 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1192 NA NA 213.0 24.2 24.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 99 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 4 40 42 23.3 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2660.5 NA NA NA 1192 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.99 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.40, 21.90, 21.75 3 0.30 21.68 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.90 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.64 set value 2.4 2.4 3.26 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.459 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.42 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2413 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.26 total 0.04 0.04 213.0 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 213.0 24 24 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1213 NA NA 226.4 26.4 26.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 100 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 4 68 70 23.58 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2659.5 NA NA NA 1213 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.94 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.17, 21.45, 21.63 3 0.27 21.42 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.55 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.10 set value 2.4 2.4 3.1 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.436 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.32 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2406 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.25 total 0.04 0.04 226.4 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 226.4 26 26 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1233 NA NA 247.2 28.5 28.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 101 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 4 96 98 23.86 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2658.5 NA NA NA 1233 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.4 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.36, 21.25, 20.86 3 0.30 21.16 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.19 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.86 set value 2.4 2.4 3.31 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.418 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.87 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2377 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.04 0.04 247.2 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 247.2 29 29 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1239 NA NA 270.7 31.3 31.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 102 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 4 103 105 23.93 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2657.5 NA NA NA 1239 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.97 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.97, 21.00, 20.90 3 0.06 20.96 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.92 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.76 set value 2.4 2.4 3.59 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.405 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.89 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2378 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 270.7 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 270.7 31 31 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1253 NA NA 204.3 23.3 23.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 103 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 4 138 140 24.28 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2656.5 NA NA NA 1253 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.02 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.69, 21.86, 21.64 3 0.13 21.73 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.97 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.71 set value 2.4 2.4 2.98 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.393 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.45 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.13 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2415 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.28 total 0.04 0.04 204.3 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 204.3 23 23 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1262 NA NA 241.0 28.4 28.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 104 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 5 2 4 24.4 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2655.5 NA NA NA 1262 NA NA NA Pleistocene Hönisch et al. 2009 Hönisch et al. 2009 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.22 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.00, 21.56, 21.26 3 0.32 21.27 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.34 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.82 set value 2.4 2.4 3.29 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.360 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.16 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.13 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2396 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.04 0.04 241.0 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 241.0 28 28 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1352 NA NA 285.2 34.3 34.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 105 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 6 3 5 25.89 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2654.5 NA NA NA 1352 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.63 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.38, 20.76, 20.90, 21.17 4 0.33 20.80 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.70 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.74 set value 2.4 2.4 3.53 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.286 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.93 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2381 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.04 0.04 285.2 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 285.2 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1380 NA NA 219.8 24.1 24.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 106 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 3H 6 80 82 26.66 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2653.5 NA NA NA 1380 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.26 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.37, 21.73, 21.65 3 0.22 21.58 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.77 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.00 set value 2.4 2.4 3.29 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.228 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.13 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.14 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2394 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.25 total 0.04 0.04 219.8 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 219.8 24 24 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1487 NA NA 257.4 30.1 30.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 107 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 38 40 28.18 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2652.5 NA NA NA 1487 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 38 2.09 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.32, 20.81, 21.26 3 0.32 21.13 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.15 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.82 set value 2.4 2.4 3.49 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.067 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.95 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2382 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.04 0.04 257.4 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 257.4 30 30 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1499 NA NA 225.3 25.8 25.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 108 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 1 66 68 28.46 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2651.5 NA NA NA 1499 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 3.1 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.79, 21.52, 21.32 3 0.27 21.54 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.71 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.97 set value 2.4 2.4 3.23 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.051 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.51 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2419 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.25 total 0.04 0.04 225.3 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 225.3 26 26 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1539 NA NA 225.7 26.1 26.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 109 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 2 0 2 29.29 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2650.5 NA NA NA 1539 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.41 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.58, 21.68, 21.18 3 0.31 21.48 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.63 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.45 set value 2.4 2.4 3.07 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.019 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.47 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2416 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.25 total 0.04 0.04 225.7 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 225.7 26 26 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1541 NA NA 227.9 27.0 27.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 110 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 2 7 9 29.36 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2649.5 NA NA NA 1541 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.67 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.58, 21.41, 21.53, 21.28 4 0.13 21.45 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.59 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.59 set value 2.4 2.4 3.11 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.017 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.36 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2409 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.24 total 0.04 0.04 227.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 227.9 27 27 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1542 NA NA 279.1 33.9 33.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 111 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 2 10 12 29.39 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2648.5 NA NA NA 1542 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.55 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.73, 20.81, 20.92 3 0.11 20.82 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.72 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.77 set value 2.4 2.4 3.16 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.010 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.31 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2405 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 279.1 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 279.1 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1574 NA NA 277.0 34.0 34.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 112 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 2 105 107 30.34 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2647.5 NA NA NA 1574 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 30 (0.73) Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.21, 20.26, 20.72, 21.16, 21.38 5 0.41 20.95 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.90 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.81 set value 2.4 2.4 3.46 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.996 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.41 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.16 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2412 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 277.0 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 277.0 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1577 NA NA 215.3 25.0 25.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 113 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 2 115 117 30.44 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2646.5 NA NA NA 1577 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.02 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.63, 21.28, 21.56, 22.10, 21.32 5 0.29 21.58 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.77 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.08 set value 2.4 2.4 2.96 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.981 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.32 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.16 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2406 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.26 total 0.04 0.04 215.3 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 215.3 25 25 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1616 NA NA 301.1 35.5 35.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 114 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 3 25 27 31.03 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2645.5 NA NA NA 1616 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 30 1.42 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.65, 20.38, 20.94 3 0.32 20.66 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.51 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.78 set value 2.4 2.4 3.44 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.959 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.14 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.16 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2394 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.04 0.04 301.1 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 301.1 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1645 NA NA NA NA NA Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 115 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 3 46 48 31.24 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2644.5 NA NA NA 1645 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 33 1.36 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.92, 22.15, 22.16 3 0.16 22.08 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.45 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.14 set value 2.4 2.4 3.24 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.939 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.27 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.16 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2403 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.30 total 0.04 0.04 190.3 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 190.3 23 23 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty, considered an outlier in original publication boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1649 NA NA 198.3 23.0 23.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 116 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 3 49 51 31.27 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2643.5 NA NA NA 1649 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 46 2.44 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 22.19, 21.69, 22.05 3 0.30 21.99 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.33 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.48 set value 2.4 2.4 3.34 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.930 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.39 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.16 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2411 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.29 total 0.04 0.04 198.3 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 198.3 23 23 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1660 NA NA 192.6 22.7 22.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 117 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 3 56 58 31.34 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2642.5 NA NA NA 1660 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 50 2.45 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.85, 22.08 2 0.23 21.96 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 21.29 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.26 set value 2.4 2.4 2.99 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.917 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.30 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.17 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2405 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.30 total 0.04 0.04 192.6 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 192.6 23 23 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1699 NA NA 290.9 36.1 36.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 118 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 3 81 83 31.59 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2641.5 NA NA NA 1699 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 30 (0.8) Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.74, 20.73, 20.69 3 0.03 20.72 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.59 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.12 set value 2.4 2.4 3.22 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.890 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.27 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.17 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2403 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.04 0.04 290.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 290.9 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1753 NA NA 287.0 35.9 35.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 119 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 3 116 118 31.94 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2640.5 NA NA NA 1753 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 30 (0.77) Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 20.54, 20.31, 20.81, 20.80, 21.05 5 0.25 20.70 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.56 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.70 set value 2.4 2.4 3.09 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.863 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.05 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.18 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2388 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.04 0.04 287.0 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 287.0 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1775 NA NA NA NA NA Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 120 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 3 130 132 32.08 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2639.5 NA NA NA 1775 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 20 1.03 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 22.14, 21.31, 21.82, 21.65 4 0.35 21.73 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.97 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.98 set value 2.4 2.4 3.46 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.848 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.00 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.18 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2385 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.26 total 0.04 0.04 214.9 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 214.9 25 25 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty, considered an outlier in original publication boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1780 NA NA 224.6 26.0 26.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 121 10.1029/2018PA003349 668 B 4H 3 133 135 32.11 NA NA eastern equatorial Atlantic 4.77 -20.93 NA NA -2638.5 NA NA NA 1780 NA NA NA Pleistocene Alignment of Site 668B planktic d18O with planktic d18O of Site 677 (Shackleton et al., 1990) and benthic d18O stack (Liseicki and Raymo, 2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 515-865 18 0.95 Hönisch, B. and Hemming, N. G., 2005. Surface ocean pH response to variations in pCO2 through two full glacial cycles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236, 305-314. none N-TIMS, Triton 21.70, 21.49, 21.61 3 0.12 21.60 normal distribution, standard error 0.23 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.79 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.04 set value 2.4 2.4 3.48 measured on G. ruber, 250-300 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.842 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.06 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.18 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity updated from Hönisch et al. 2009 after Clark et al. 2006 2389 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.24 total 0.04 0.04 224.6 0 Near equilibrium in modern, assumption is that this has not changed in past and no effect due to seasonality. We see no evidence to suggest a change from modern equilibrium for samples that overlap the ice core record of pCO2. 224.6 26 26 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Hönisch et al. 2009, Dyez used the averaged d11B uncertainty boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1975 NA NA 202.3 33.0 33.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 122 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 7H 7 64 66 64.74 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1975.1 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.45, 21.89, 21.55, 21.59, 21.62 5 0.15 21.62 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.82 set value 0.30 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.14 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.735 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.34 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.20 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2380 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.24 total 0.04 0.04 223.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 202.3 33 33 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2027 NA NA 234.3 38.3 38.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 123 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 8H 2 47 49 66.57 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2026.5 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.23, 21.46, 20.96, 21.30, 21.02 5 0.18 21.20 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.24 set value 0.30 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.14 set value 2.4 2.4 3.478 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.759 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.39 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.20 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2383 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.05 0.05 255.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 234.3 38 38 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2078 NA NA 215.4 36.7 36.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 124 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 8H 3 103 105 68.63 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2078.1 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.38, 21.41, 21.80, 21.46 4 0.19 21.52 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.68 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.79 set value 2.4 2.4 3.717 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.784 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.48 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.21 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2389 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.23 total 0.05 0.05 236.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 215.4 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2161 NA NA 201.5 34.4 34.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 125 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 8H 5 71 73 71.31 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2161.0 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.78, 21.54, 21.76, 21.70 4 0.11 21.70 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.93 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.68 set value 2.4 2.4 3.690 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.809 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.44 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.22 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2386 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.25 total 0.05 0.05 222.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 201.5 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2166 NA NA 309.4 53.2 53.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 126 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 8H 5 87 89 71.47 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2166.0 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.58, 20.00, 20.60, 20.50, 20.58 5 0.23 20.45 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.22 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.71 set value 2.4 2.4 3.702 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.809 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.34 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.22 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2380 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.12 total 0.05 0.05 330.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 309.4 53 53 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2202 NA NA 318.1 54.3 54.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 127 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 8H 6 49 51 72.59 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2201.9 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.64, 19.96, 20.46, 20.31, 20.29, 20.65 6 0.21 20.38 normal distribution, standard error 0.28 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.13 set value 0.32 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.78 set value 2.4 2.4 3.736 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.835 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.39 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.22 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2383 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.12 total 0.05 0.05 339.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 318.1 54 54 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2305 NA NA 210.4 36.0 36.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 128 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9H 1 127 129 75.37 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2304.7 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.65, 21.60, 21.35, 21.59 4 0.13 21.55 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.72 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.58 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.932 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.33 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.23 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2380 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.23 total 0.05 0.05 231.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 210.4 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2503 NA NA 289.4 50.4 50.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 129 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9H 6 64 66 82.24 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2502.9 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.65, 20.44, 20.89, 20.50, 20.47 5 0.17 20.59 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.41 set value 0.32 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.10 set value 2.4 2.4 3.643 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.247 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.45 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.25 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2387 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.05 0.05 310.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 289.4 50 50 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2559 NA NA 242.7 47.3 47.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 130 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9H 7 67 69 83.77 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2558.6 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.68, 21.15, 21.31 3 0.38 21.05 normal distribution, standard error 0.38 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.03 set value 0.42 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.79 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.227 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.24 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.26 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2374 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.19 total 0.06 0.06 263.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 242.7 47 47 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2601 NA NA 201.5 34.1 34.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 131 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10H 1 127 129 84.87 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2600.9 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.53, 21.68, 21.41, 21.84, 21.42 5 0.16 21.58 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.76 set value 0.30 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.56 set value 2.4 2.4 3.459 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.207 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.33 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.26 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2379 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.24 total 0.05 0.05 222.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 201.5 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2685 NA NA 195.3 37.1 37.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 132 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10H 3 98 100 87.58 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2685.5 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.49, 21.61, 21.57 3 0.07 21.55 normal distribution, standard error 0.39 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.73 set value 0.39 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.41 set value 2.4 2.4 3.106 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.167 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.29 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2377 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.26 total 0.05 0.05 216.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 195.3 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2702 NA NA 278.7 51.3 51.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 133 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10H 4 20 22 88.30 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2702.2 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.59, 20.49, 20.67, 20.45 4 0.10 20.55 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.36 set value 0.35 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.58 set value 2.4 2.4 3.155 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.167 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.36 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2382 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.05 0.05 299.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 278.7 51 51 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2706 NA NA 268.0 46.7 46.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 134 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10H 4 35 37 88.45 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2705.5 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.87, 20.94, 20.58, 20.52, 20.64 5 0.17 20.71 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.57 set value 0.32 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.03 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.167 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.42 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2385 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.05 0.05 289.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 268.0 47 47 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2708 NA NA 223.9 39.4 39.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 135 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10H 4 47 49 88.57 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2708.1 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.40, 21.22, 21.16, 21.28 4 0.10 21.26 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.33 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.39 set value 2.4 2.4 3.392 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.167 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.44 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2386 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.05 0.05 244.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 223.9 39 39 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2710 NA NA 287.6 94.3 94.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 136 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10H 4 57 59 88.67 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2710.5 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.84, 20.92, 19.35, 21.04 4 0.82 20.54 normal distribution, standard error 0.82 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.34 set value 0.83 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.39 set value 2.4 2.4 3.393 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.167 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.37 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2382 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.10 0.10 308.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 287.6 94 94 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2752 NA NA 251.2 42.7 42.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 137 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10H 5 4 6 89.64 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2751.6 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.91, 21.02, 20.71, 21.18, 20.88 5 0.16 20.94 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.89 set value 0.31 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.76 set value 2.4 2.4 3.501 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.147 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.05 0.05 272.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 251.2 43 43 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2773 NA NA 292.9 52.7 52.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 138 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10H 5 50 52 90.10 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2772.9 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.78, 20.39, 20.04, 20.47, 20.46 5 0.24 20.43 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.19 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.94 set value 2.4 2.4 3.250 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.147 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.05 0.05 313.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 292.9 53 53 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2779 NA NA 333.1 63.2 63.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 139 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10H 5 77 79 90.37 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2778.7 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.26, 20.33, 20.28, 20.16, 20.27 5 0.06 20.26 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 18.96 set value 0.37 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.09 set value 2.4 2.4 3.912 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.061 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.06 0.06 354.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 333.1 63 63 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2781 NA NA 274.7 47.7 47.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 140 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10H 5 92 94 90.52 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2781.4 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.78, 20.90, 20.97, 20.40, 20.72 5 0.20 20.75 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.63 set value 0.31 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.54 set value 2.4 2.4 3.723 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.061 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.05 0.05 295.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 274.7 48 48 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2795 NA NA 264.0 47.4 47.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 141 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10H 6 20 22 91.30 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2795.5 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.04, 20.85, 20.56, 21.00 4 0.22 20.86 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.78 set value 0.34 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.43 set value 2.4 2.4 3.686 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.061 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.25 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2375 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.05 0.05 285.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 264.0 47 47 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2919 NA NA 221.4 41.0 41.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 142 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11H 1 117 119 94.27 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2918.8 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.21, 20.75, 21.45, 21.38 4 0.31 21.20 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.24 set value 0.36 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.58 set value 2.4 2.4 3.068 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.899 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.21 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.29 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2373 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.05 0.05 242.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 221.4 41 41 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3001 NA NA 301.4 55.3 55.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 143 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11H 3 77 79 96.87 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3000.6 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.21, 20.46, 20.33, 20.23, 20.58 5 0.14 20.36 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.10 set value 0.34 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.07 set value 2.4 2.4 3.156 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.748 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.30 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.12 total 0.05 0.05 322.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 301.4 55 55 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3074 NA NA 246.3 44.5 44.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 144 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11H 5 57 59 99.67 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3073.9 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.46, 21.08, 21.23, 21.17, 21.01 5 0.28 20.99 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.96 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.67 set value 2.4 2.4 3.304 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.672 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.05 0.05 267.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 246.3 45 45 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3081 NA NA 325.3 63.0 63.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 145 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11H 5 80 82 99.90 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3081.4 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.46, 20.25, 20.08, 20.15 4 0.17 20.24 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 18.92 set value 0.37 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.06 set value 2.4 2.4 3.392 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.599 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.10 total 0.06 0.06 346.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 325.3 63 63 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3105 NA NA 251.7 42.2 42.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 146 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11H 6 5 6 100.65 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3104.9 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.90, 21.08, 21.19, 21.16, 21.09, 20.82 6 0.12 21.04 normal distribution, standard error 0.27 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.03 set value 0.28 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.92 set value 2.4 2.4 3.667 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.599 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.05 0.05 272.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 251.7 42 42 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3156 NA NA 225.9 48.1 48.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 147 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11H 7 17 19 102.27 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3155.9 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.47, 20.61, 21.53, 21.30, 21.93 5 0.43 21.37 normal distribution, standard error 0.43 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.48 set value 0.47 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.09 set value 2.4 2.4 3.692 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.528 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.06 0.06 246.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 225.9 48 48 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3219 NA NA 223.1 43.4 43.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 148 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12H 1 50 52 103.10 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3218.6 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.32, 21.15, 21.37 3 0.10 21.28 normal distribution, standard error 0.39 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.35 set value 0.39 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.71 set value 2.4 2.4 3.235 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.460 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.06 0.06 244.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 223.1 43 43 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3239 NA NA 270.9 48.0 48.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 149 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12H 1 90 92 103.50 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3239.2 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.65, 20.54, 20.97, 20.99, 20.37, 20.42 6 0.22 20.66 normal distribution, standard error 0.27 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.50 set value 0.30 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.02 set value 2.4 2.4 3.017 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.394 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.05 0.05 291.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 270.9 48 48 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3259 NA NA 223.4 43.7 43.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 150 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12H 2 20 22 104.30 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3259.1 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.19, 21.15, 21.35 3 0.12 21.23 normal distribution, standard error 0.39 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.29 set value 0.39 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.25 set value 2.4 2.4 3.080 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.394 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.33 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.06 0.06 244.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 223.4 44 44 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3322 NA NA 250.2 46.1 46.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 151 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12H 3 90 92 106.50 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3321.6 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.04, 20.85, 20.89, 20.91 4 0.08 20.92 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.86 set value 0.34 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.43 set value 2.4 2.4 3.105 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.328 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.33 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.05 0.05 271.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 250.2 46 46 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3403 NA NA 244.7 43.3 43.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 152 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12H 5 12 14 108.72 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3403.2 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.21, 21.21, 21.36, 20.93, 20.80 5 0.21 21.10 normal distribution, standard error 0.30 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.11 set value 0.30 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.69 set value 2.4 2.4 3.424 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.202 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.34 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.05 0.05 265.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 244.7 43 43 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3407 NA NA 244.4 48.4 48.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 153 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12H 5 20 22 108.80 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3406.7 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.25, 20.94, 20.94 3 0.20 21.04 normal distribution, standard error 0.39 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.03 set value 0.39 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.04 set value 2.4 2.4 3.229 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.202 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.34 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.19 total 0.06 0.06 265.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 244.4 48 48 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3471 NA NA 264.8 49.5 49.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 154 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12H 6 57 59 110.67 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3471.5 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.82, 21.04, 20.71, 20.73 4 0.15 20.83 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.73 set value 0.34 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.18 set value 2.4 2.4 3.244 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.143 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.35 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.05 0.05 285.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 264.8 49 49 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3543 NA NA 282.5 57.2 57.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 155 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 13H 1 77 79 112.87 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3542.5 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.72, 20.69, 20.75 3 0.03 20.72 normal distribution, standard error 0.39 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.59 set value 0.40 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.05 set value 2.4 2.4 3.457 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.034 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.35 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.06 0.06 303.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 282.5 57 57 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3591 NA NA 264.4 49.7 49.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 156 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 13H 2 57 59 114.17 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3590.8 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.81, 21.00, 20.71, 20.86 4 0.12 20.84 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.76 set value 0.34 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.32 set value 2.4 2.4 3.216 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 2.983 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.36 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.05 0.05 285.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 264.4 50 50 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3716 NA NA 283.0 54.0 54.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 157 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 13H 4 117 119 117.77 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3716.1 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.04, 20.61, 20.60, 20.68 4 0.21 20.73 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.60 set value 0.34 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.24 set value 2.4 2.4 3.446 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 2.887 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.37 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.06 0.06 304.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 283.0 54 54 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3792 NA NA 260.1 52.2 52.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 158 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 13H 6 48 50 120.08 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3792.2 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 21.07, 21.12, 21.08 3 0.03 21.09 normal distribution, standard error 0.39 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 20.10 set value 0.39 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 29.53 set value 2.4 2.4 3.832 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 2.817 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.38 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.06 0.06 281.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 260.1 52 52 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3870 NA NA 340.1 69.6 69.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 159 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 14H 1 48 50 122.08 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3870.1 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.32, 20.22, 19.96, 20.18 4 0.15 20.17 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 18.84 set value 0.38 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.74 set value 2.4 2.4 3.252 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 2.794 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.39 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.08 total 0.06 0.06 361.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 340.1 70 70 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3961 NA NA 278.8 54.0 54.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 160 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 14H 3 7 9 124.67 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3961.1 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.60, 20.82, 20.80, 20.77 4 0.10 20.75 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.62 set value 0.34 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.92 set value 2.4 2.4 3.281 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 2.749 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.40 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.06 0.06 299.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 278.8 54 54 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 4036 NA NA 286.2 56.8 56.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 161 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 14H 4 98 100 127.08 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 4036.2 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.80, 20.37, 20.46, 20.56 4 0.19 20.55 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.35 set value 0.35 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.54 set value 2.4 2.4 2.894 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.06 0.06 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 2.737 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.40 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.06 0.06 307.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 286.2 57 57 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 4117 NA NA 330.3 72.8 72.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 162 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 14H 6 38 40 129.51 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 4117.1 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.86, 20.15, 19.84, 20.14, 20.57 5 0.36 20.31 normal distribution, standard error 0.36 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 19.03 set value 0.43 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.43 set value 2.4 2.4 3.435 measured on T. sacculifer, 425-500 um normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((1.1*Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 2.747 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.41 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.07 0.07 351.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 330.3 73 73 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 4580 NA NA 355.6 76.8 76.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 163 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 16H 1 18 20 140.78 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 4580.3 NA NA NA Pliocene NA LR04 benthic oxygen isotope stack: L. E. Lisiecki, M. E. Raymo, Paleoceanography 20, 10.1029/2004PA001071 (2005) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides sacculifer 425-500 30-80 NA Bartoli et al., 2011 none N-TIMS, Triton 20.14, 20.10, 20.22, 19.98 4 0.10 20.11 normal distribution, standard error 0.33 0.73 set value 0.08 6.42 set value 1.64 this study none 18.75 set value 0.38 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.43 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.052 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.46 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.07 total 0.07 0.07 376.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 355.6 77 77 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Bartoli et al. 2011 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2338 NA NA 323.1 50.3 50.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 164 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 2 89 91 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2338 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.23 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.94 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.96 set value 2.4 2.4 3.85 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.985 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.21 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.23 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.10 total 0.05 0.05 344.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 323.1 50 50 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2347 NA NA 322.9 65.3 65.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 165 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 2 120 122 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2347 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.21 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.37 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.90 set value 0.37 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.53 set value 2.4 2.4 3.71 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.10 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.998 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.26 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.23 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2375 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.10 total 0.06 0.06 343.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 322.9 65 65 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2353 NA NA 315.0 49.9 49.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 166 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 2 141 143 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2353 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.40 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.22 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.17 set value 2.4 2.4 4.31 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.11 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.010 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.51 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.24 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2390 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.11 total 0.05 0.05 336.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 315.0 50 50 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2362 NA NA NA NA 101.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 167 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 3 22 24 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2362 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.42 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.33 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.59 set value 0.38 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.08 set value 2.4 2.4 3.58 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.12 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.023 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.49 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.24 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2389 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 7.98 total 0.07 0.07 481.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 460.2 102 102 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015, considered an outlier in original publication boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2372 NA NA 421.4 74.4 74.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 168 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 3 51 53 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2372 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.65 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.97 set value 0.28 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.94 set value 2.4 2.4 3.87 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.13 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.039 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.31 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.24 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2378 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.01 total 0.06 0.06 442.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 421.4 74 74 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2381 NA NA 377.9 66.9 66.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 169 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 3 78 80 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2381 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.89 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.24 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.37 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.03 set value 2.4 2.4 3.91 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.14 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.053 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.25 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.24 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2375 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.05 total 0.05 0.05 398.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 377.9 67 67 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2389 NA NA 384.6 60.9 60.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 170 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 3 85 87 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2389 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.83 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.27 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.69 set value 2.4 2.4 3.80 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.15 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.072 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.32 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.24 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2379 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.04 total 0.05 0.05 405.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 384.6 61 61 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2411 NA NA 284.5 43.3 43.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 171 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 4 29 31 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2411 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.57 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.50 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.42 set value 2.4 2.4 4.06 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.16 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.098 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.30 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.24 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2378 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 305.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 284.5 43 43 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2425 NA NA 342.7 54.6 54.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 172 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 4 96 98 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2425 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.10 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.72 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.67 set value 2.4 2.4 3.81 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.17 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.128 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.53 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.24 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2391 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.08 total 0.05 0.05 363.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 342.7 55 55 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2451 NA NA 328.6 49.7 49.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 173 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 5 45 47 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2451 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.20 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.88 set value 0.18 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.75 set value 2.4 2.4 3.85 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.18 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.163 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.41 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.25 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2384 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.04 0.04 349.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 328.6 50 50 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2474 NA NA 350.9 56.1 56.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 174 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 5 123 125 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2474 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.04 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.61 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.58 set value 2.4 2.4 3.81 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.19 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.202 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.45 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.25 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2387 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.07 total 0.05 0.05 371.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 350.9 56 56 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2500 NA NA 366.6 62.2 62.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 175 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 6 50 52 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2500 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.91 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.39 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.21 set value 2.4 2.4 3.70 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.20 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.232 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.33 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.25 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2380 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.06 total 0.05 0.05 387.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 366.6 62 62 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2501 NA NA 371.8 59.6 59.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 176 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 6 53 55 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2501 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.88 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.34 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.18 set value 2.4 2.4 3.69 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.21 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.245 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.36 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.25 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2381 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.05 total 0.05 0.05 392.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 371.8 60 60 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2522 NA NA 256.2 39.5 39.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 177 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 6 142.5 144.5 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2522 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.71 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.17 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.73 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.58 set value 2.4 2.4 3.49 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.22 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.240 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.66 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.25 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2399 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 277.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 256.2 39 39 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2545 NA NA 343.4 55.2 55.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 178 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 7 63 65 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2545 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.00 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.54 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.54 set value 2.4 2.4 3.48 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.23 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.232 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.24 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.25 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2374 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.08 total 0.05 0.05 364.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 343.4 55 55 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2562 NA NA 307.5 47.1 47.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 179 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 9 8 23 25 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2562 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.32 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.08 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.52 set value 2.4 2.4 3.80 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.24 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.225 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.22 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.26 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2373 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.11 total 0.05 0.05 328.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 307.5 47 47 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2579 NA NA 338.1 51.7 51.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 180 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 1 18 20 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2579 NA NA NA Pleistocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.04 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.62 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.69 set value 2.4 2.4 3.52 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.25 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.217 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.21 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.26 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.05 0.05 359.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 338.1 52 52 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2595 NA NA 373.8 67.3 67.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 181 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 1 107 109 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2595 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.93 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.27 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.43 set value 0.28 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.04 set value 2.4 2.4 3.97 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.26 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.209 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.44 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.26 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2386 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.05 total 0.06 0.06 394.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 373.8 67 67 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2615 NA NA 287.1 44.4 44.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 182 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 2 21 23 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2615 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.42 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.25 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.74 set value 2.4 2.4 3.53 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.27 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.202 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.28 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.26 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2376 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 308.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 287.1 44 44 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2624 NA NA 313.4 50.8 50.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 183 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 2 70 72 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2624 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.23 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.21 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.94 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.96 set value 2.4 2.4 3.60 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.28 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.196 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.21 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.26 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2373 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.11 total 0.05 0.05 334.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 313.4 51 51 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2631 NA NA 253.3 44.3 44.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 184 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 2 70 72 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2631 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.80 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.88 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.83 set value 2.4 2.4 3.89 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.29 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.192 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.31 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.26 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2378 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.05 0.05 274.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 253.3 44 44 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2648 NA NA 291.4 44.9 44.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 185 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 2 121 123 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2648 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.43 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.26 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.19 set value 2.4 2.4 3.67 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.30 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.185 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.34 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.26 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2380 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.04 0.04 312.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 291.4 45 45 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2665 NA NA 310.8 50.5 50.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 186 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 3 19 20 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2665 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.36 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.23 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.15 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.47 set value 2.4 2.4 4.12 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.31 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.178 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.11 total 0.05 0.05 331.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 310.8 51 51 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2673 NA NA 270.6 47.2 47.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 187 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 3 50 52 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2673 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.58 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.51 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.03 set value 2.4 2.4 3.61 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.32 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.173 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.22 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2373 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.05 0.05 291.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 270.6 47 47 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2680 NA NA 333.6 54.3 54.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 188 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 3 100 102 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2680 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.04 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.62 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.16 set value 2.4 2.4 3.34 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.33 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.170 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.32 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2379 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.05 0.05 354.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 333.6 54 54 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2687 NA NA 294.8 48.3 48.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 189 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 3 100 102 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2687 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.31 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.07 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.95 set value 2.4 2.4 3.28 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.34 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.167 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.41 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2384 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.05 0.05 315.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 294.8 48 48 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2695 NA NA 285.3 44.3 44.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 190 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 3 140 142 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2695 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.35 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.13 set value 0.18 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.44 set value 2.4 2.4 3.13 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.35 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.167 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.38 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2382 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 306.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 285.3 44 44 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2700 NA NA 242.5 57.9 57.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 191 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 4 14 16 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2700 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.75 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.43 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.79 set value 0.45 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.73 set value 2.4 2.4 3.21 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.36 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.167 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.36 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2381 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.19 total 0.07 0.07 263.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 242.5 58 58 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2703 NA NA 329.6 56.8 56.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 192 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 4 25 27 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2703 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.05 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.64 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.90 set value 2.4 2.4 3.26 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.37 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.167 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.37 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2382 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.10 total 0.05 0.05 350.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 329.6 57 57 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2707 NA NA 272.1 42.4 42.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 193 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 4 49 51 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2707 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.51 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.40 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.12 set value 2.4 2.4 3.33 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.38 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.164 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.41 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2384 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.04 0.04 293.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 272.1 42 42 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2746 NA NA 349.2 57.1 57.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 194 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 4 148 150 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2746 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.99 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.53 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.01 set value 2.4 2.4 3.60 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.39 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.154 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.27 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.07 total 0.05 0.05 370.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 349.2 57 57 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2751 NA NA 330.5 60.6 60.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 195 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 5 22 24 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2751 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.11 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.29 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.73 set value 0.29 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.97 set value 2.4 2.4 3.58 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.40 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.147 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.06 0.06 351.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 330.5 61 61 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2764 NA NA 368.5 63.5 63.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 196 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 5 29 31 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2764 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.86 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.21 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.32 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.85 set value 2.4 2.4 3.55 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.41 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.147 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.06 total 0.05 0.05 389.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 368.5 63 63 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2777 NA NA 288.1 45.1 45.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 197 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 5 120 122 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2777 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.37 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.17 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.26 set value 2.4 2.4 3.34 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.42 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.087 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.05 0.05 309.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 288.1 45 45 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2799 NA NA 291.7 48.2 48.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 198 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 6 48 50 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2799 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.40 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.21 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.86 set value 2.4 2.4 3.52 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.43 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.052 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.32 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2379 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.05 0.05 312.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 291.7 48 48 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2830 NA NA 328.2 54.0 54.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 199 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 6 127 129 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2830 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.20 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.21 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.88 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.96 set value 2.4 2.4 3.87 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.44 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.025 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.21 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.05 0.05 349.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 328.2 54 54 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2832 NA NA 372.8 94.7 94.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 200 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 6 132 134 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2832 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.87 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.48 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.34 set value 0.49 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.41 set value 2.4 2.4 3.68 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.45 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.011 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.05 total 0.08 0.08 393.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 372.8 95 95 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2839 NA NA 400.9 69.4 69.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 201 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 7 5 7 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2839 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.67 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.00 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.75 set value 2.4 2.4 3.47 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.46 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.003 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.21 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.03 total 0.05 0.05 421.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 400.9 69 69 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2849 NA NA 318.0 55.4 55.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 202 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 7 50 52 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2849 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.16 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.82 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.43 set value 2.4 2.4 3.36 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.47 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.991 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.22 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2373 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.11 total 0.05 0.05 339.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 318.0 55 55 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2858 NA NA 459.5 93.2 93.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 203 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 8 19 21 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2858 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.31 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.40 set value 0.29 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.67 set value 2.4 2.4 3.13 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.48 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.964 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.21 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.29 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 7.98 total 0.06 0.06 480.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 459.5 93 93 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2912 NA NA 383.2 66.6 66.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 204 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 1 89 90 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2912 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.70 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.06 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.81 set value 2.4 2.4 3.16 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.49 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.922 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.22 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.29 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2373 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.04 total 0.05 0.05 404.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 383.2 67 67 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2924 NA NA 390.3 71.4 71.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 205 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 2 4 6 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2924 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.66 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.21 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.98 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.69 set value 2.4 2.4 3.11 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.50 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.887 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.24 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.29 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2374 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.04 total 0.06 0.06 411.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 390.3 71 71 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2942 NA NA 349.4 55.0 55.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 206 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 2 27 29 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2942 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.97 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.51 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.80 set value 2.4 2.4 3.43 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.51 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.861 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.29 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.07 total 0.05 0.05 370.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 349.4 55 55 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2950 NA NA 370.5 64.7 64.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 207 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 2 53 57 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2950 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.76 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.14 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.56 set value 2.4 2.4 3.06 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.52 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.845 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.19 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.30 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2371 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.06 total 0.06 0.06 391.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 370.5 65 65 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2951 NA NA 433.9 108.9 108.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 208 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 2 55 57 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2951 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.46 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.40 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.65 set value 0.44 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.14 set value 2.4 2.4 3.22 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.53 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.836 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.19 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.30 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2371 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.00 total 0.08 0.08 454.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 433.9 109 109 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2960 NA NA 359.0 56.4 56.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 209 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 2 80 82 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2960 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.01 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.57 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.17 set value 2.4 2.4 3.86 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.54 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.819 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.30 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.06 total 0.05 0.05 380.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 359.0 56 56 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2978 NA NA 341.6 56.8 56.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 210 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 2 139 140 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2978 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.02 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.59 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.79 set value 2.4 2.4 3.40 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.55 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.786 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.21 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.30 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.08 total 0.05 0.05 362.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 341.6 57 57 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3003 NA NA 383.5 66.9 66.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 211 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 3 90 92 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3003 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.74 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.12 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.42 set value 2.4 2.4 3.28 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.56 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.752 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.30 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.04 total 0.05 0.05 404.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 383.5 67 67 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3011 NA NA 371.1 65.0 65.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 212 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 3 90 92 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3011 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.79 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.21 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.20 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.11 set value 2.4 2.4 3.18 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.57 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.735 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.30 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.06 total 0.05 0.05 392.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 371.1 65 65 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3028 NA NA 396.2 69.2 69.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 213 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 4 37 39 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3028 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.65 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.97 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.15 set value 2.4 2.4 3.18 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.58 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.720 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.30 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.03 total 0.06 0.06 417.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 396.2 69 69 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3043 NA NA 436.1 89.3 89.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 214 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 4 93 95 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3043 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.46 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.65 set value 0.31 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.27 set value 2.4 2.4 3.22 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.59 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.706 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.30 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.00 total 0.07 0.07 457.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 436.1 89 89 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3050 NA NA 434.5 80.0 80.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 215 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 4 120 122 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3050 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.58 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.85 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.99 set value 2.4 2.4 3.75 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.60 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.696 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.00 total 0.06 0.06 455.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 434.5 80 80 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3059 NA NA 375.0 77.4 77.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 216 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 4 135 137 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3059 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.84 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.30 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.28 set value 0.32 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.11 set value 2.4 2.4 3.46 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.61 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.689 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.05 total 0.06 0.06 396.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 375.0 77 77 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3063 NA NA 429.6 83.5 83.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 217 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 5 16 18 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3063 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.52 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.23 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.75 set value 0.29 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.75 set value 2.4 2.4 3.35 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.62 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.683 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.01 total 0.06 0.06 450.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 429.6 84 84 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3067 NA NA 395.4 73.4 73.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 218 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 5 28 30 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3067 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.67 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.23 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.00 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.29 set value 2.4 2.4 3.21 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.63 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.666 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.03 total 0.06 0.06 416.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 395.4 73 73 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3091 NA NA 348.4 61.3 61.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 219 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 5 112 114 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3091 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.03 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.61 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.55 set value 2.4 2.4 3.57 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.64 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.601 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.07 total 0.05 0.05 369.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 348.4 61 61 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3100 NA NA 333.8 55.8 55.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 220 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 6 38 40 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3100 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.10 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.21 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.72 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.20 set value 2.4 2.4 3.45 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.65 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.599 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.05 0.05 354.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 333.8 56 56 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3114 NA NA 408.9 76.0 76.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 221 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 6 106 108 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3114 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.61 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.90 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.49 set value 2.4 2.4 3.23 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.66 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.585 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.02 total 0.06 0.06 429.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 408.9 76 76 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3133 NA NA 360.2 70.9 70.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 222 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 6 99 101 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3133 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.80 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.26 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.22 set value 0.28 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.36 set value 2.4 2.4 2.91 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.06 0.06 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.67 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.563 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.07 total 0.06 0.06 381.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 360.2 71 71 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3143 NA NA 348.7 68.7 68.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 223 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 6 125 127 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3143 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.95 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.30 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.47 set value 0.31 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.41 set value 2.4 2.4 3.20 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.68 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.546 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.31 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.08 total 0.06 0.06 369.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 348.7 69 69 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3152 NA NA 418.0 159.3 159.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 224 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 7 0 2 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3152 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.51 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.67 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.73 set value 0.69 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.67 set value 2.4 2.4 2.99 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.69 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.535 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.02 total 0.12 0.12 439.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 418.0 159 159 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3158 NA NA 355.2 63.1 63.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 225 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 7 16 18 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3158 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.93 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.23 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.43 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.70 set value 2.4 2.4 3.27 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.70 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.524 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.07 total 0.05 0.05 376.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 355.2 63 63 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3172 NA NA 472.1 97.3 97.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 226 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 7 53 55 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3172 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.41 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.56 set value 0.30 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.97 set value 2.4 2.4 3.66 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.71 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.512 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 7.97 total 0.07 0.07 493.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 472.1 97 97 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3180 NA NA 398.7 67.0 67.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 227 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 8 3 5 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3180 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.75 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.13 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.70 set value 2.4 2.4 3.57 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.72 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.502 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.03 total 0.05 0.05 419.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 398.7 67 67 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3189 NA NA 296.6 47.6 47.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 228 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12 1 4 6 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3189 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.46 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.32 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.43 set value 2.4 2.4 3.81 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.73 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.492 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.12 total 0.05 0.05 317.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 296.6 48 48 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3199 NA NA 346.1 61.5 61.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 229 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12 1 8 10 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3199 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.06 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.23 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.65 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.74 set value 2.4 2.4 3.58 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.74 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.481 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.08 total 0.05 0.05 367.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 346.1 61 61 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3209 NA NA 341.9 64.1 64.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 230 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12 1 29 30 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3209 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.12 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.29 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.76 set value 0.29 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.23 set value 2.4 2.4 3.73 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.75 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.469 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.08 total 0.06 0.06 362.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 341.9 64 64 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3225 NA NA 393.6 77.4 77.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 231 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12 1 99 101 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3225 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.77 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.16 set value 0.28 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.58 set value 2.4 2.4 3.51 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.76 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.440 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.03 total 0.06 0.06 414.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 393.6 77 77 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3240 NA NA 443.4 135.9 135.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 232 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12 1 143 145 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3240 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.47 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.49 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.67 set value 0.52 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.96 set value 2.4 2.4 3.30 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.77 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.402 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 7.99 total 0.10 0.10 464.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 443.4 136 136 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3243 NA NA 371.0 66.0 66.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 233 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12 2 2 4 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3243 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.83 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.27 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.63 set value 2.4 2.4 3.20 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.78 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.394 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.05 total 0.06 0.06 392.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 371.0 66 66 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3246 NA NA 332.4 56.2 56.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 234 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12 2 10 12 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3246 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.16 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.81 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.78 set value 2.4 2.4 3.55 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.79 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.394 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.05 0.05 353.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 332.4 56 56 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3260 NA NA 365.1 84.7 84.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 235 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12 2 50 52 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3260 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.90 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.37 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.38 set value 0.38 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.06 set value 2.4 2.4 3.33 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.80 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.392 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.33 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.06 total 0.07 0.07 386.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 365.1 85 85 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3270 NA NA 382.4 98.7 98.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 236 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12 2 110 112 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3270 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.92 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.45 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.41 set value 0.46 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.85 set value 2.4 2.4 3.91 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.81 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.382 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.33 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.04 total 0.08 0.08 403.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 382.4 99 99 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3281 NA NA 329.0 58.7 58.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 237 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12 2 110 112 NA NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3281 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Martínez-Botí et al., 2015; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 90-200 0.9-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.15 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.23 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.80 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.36 set value 2.4 2.4 3.41 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.82 Evans and Müller, 2012 3.371 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.33 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.05 0.05 350.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 329.0 59 59 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Martínez-Botí et al. 2015 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 4 NA NA 282.7 40.9 40.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 238 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 4 5 0.05 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 4 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.67 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.66 set value 0.27 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.30 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.51 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2390 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.05 0.05 303.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 282.7 41 41 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 456 NA NA 334.3 48.4 48.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 239 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 3 2 33 34.5 18.93 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 456 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.13 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.76 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.93 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.78 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.05 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2406 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.05 0.05 355.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 334.3 48 48 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 900 NA NA 312.8 45.4 45.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 240 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 4 4 33 35 31.43 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 900 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.23 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.93 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.35 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.68 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.09 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2400 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.11 total 0.05 0.05 333.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 312.8 45 45 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1500 NA NA 292.1 43.3 43.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 241 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 6 3 108 110 49.68 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1500 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.57 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.50 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.01 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.55 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.15 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2392 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.05 0.05 313.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 292.1 43 43 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2109 NA NA 308.5 51.3 51.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 242 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 8 4 51 53 69.61 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2109 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.38 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.18 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.26 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.41 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.21 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2384 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.11 total 0.05 0.05 329.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 308.5 51 51 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2592 NA NA 284.4 49.1 49.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 243 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 1 89 91 84.49 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2592 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.63 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.60 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.18 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.36 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.26 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2381 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.05 0.05 305.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 284.4 49 49 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2785 NA NA 356.0 62.1 62.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 244 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10 5 89 91 90.49 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2785 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.12 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.75 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.42 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.27 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.28 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2376 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.07 total 0.05 0.05 377.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 356.0 62 62 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2890 NA NA 525.1 113.4 113.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 245 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 10CC NA 31 32 93.59 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2890 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.30 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.38 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.68 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.22 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.29 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2373 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 7.93 total 0.07 0.07 546.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 525.1 113 113 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 2985 NA NA 531.0 115.8 115.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 246 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 3 13 15 96.23 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 2985 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.29 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.36 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.87 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.30 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 7.93 total 0.07 0.07 552.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 531.0 116 116 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3050 NA NA 577.6 136.3 136.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 247 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 4 17 19 97.77 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3050 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.11 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.06 set value 0.36 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.68 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.30 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 7.90 total 0.08 0.08 598.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 577.6 136 136 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3172 NA NA 413.6 78.1 78.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 248 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 11 7 29 31 102.39 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3172 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.79 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.20 set value 0.27 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.48 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.32 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 8.02 total 0.06 0.06 434.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 413.6 78 78 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 3496 NA NA 470.2 97.1 97.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 249 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 12 6 78 79 110.88 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 3496 NA NA NA Pliocene NA Seki et al., 2010; Dyez et al., 2018 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 100-120 1-2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.53 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 17.77 set value 0.30 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.72 set value 2.4 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA temp is from alkenone, from publication NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.35 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 175 175 NA NA NA NA 7.97 total 0.07 0.07 491.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 470.2 97 97 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Seki et al. 2010 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 4 2 2 264.6 48.6 48.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 282 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 4 5 0.045 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 4 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.67 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.36 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.67 set value 0.37 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.56 set value 2.4 2.4 4.143 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.09 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.183 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.25 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2374 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.06 0.06 285.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 264.6 49 49 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 5 2 2 253.3 36.9 36.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 283 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 11 13 0.11 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 5 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.79 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.24 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.87 set value 0.27 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.78 set value 2.4 2.4 4.226 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.10 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.180 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.25 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2375 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.05 0.05 274.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 253.3 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 5 2 2 273.3 45.9 45.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 284 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 14.5 16.5 0.145 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 5 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.59 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.32 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.53 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.50 set value 2.4 2.4 4.118 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.11 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.179 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.26 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2375 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.05 0.05 294.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 273.3 46 46 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 8 2 2 249.1 46.4 46.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 285 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 31 33 0.31 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 8 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.82 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.36 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.92 set value 0.38 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.58 set value 2.4 2.4 4.145 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.12 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.166 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.33 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2379 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.06 0.06 270.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 249.1 46 46 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 8 2 2 259.9 55.7 55.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 286 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 31 33 0.31 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 8 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.72 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.44 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.75 set value 0.45 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.58 set value 2.4 2.4 4.145 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.13 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.166 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.33 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2379 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.07 0.07 280.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 259.9 56 56 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 9 2 2 259.1 47.7 47.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 287 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 39 41 0.39 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 9 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.68 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.36 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.68 set value 0.37 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.86 set value 2.4 2.4 3.883 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.14 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.159 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.41 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2384 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.06 0.06 280.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 259.1 48 48 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 10 2 2 233.0 54.3 54.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 288 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 43 45 0.43 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 10 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.93 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.48 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.10 set value 0.50 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.78 set value 2.4 2.4 3.855 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.15 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.156 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.47 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2388 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.07 0.07 254.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 233.0 54 54 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 12 2 2 251.7 50.2 50.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 289 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 48 50 0.48 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 12 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.72 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.40 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.75 set value 0.41 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.25 set value 2.4 2.4 3.674 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.16 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.150 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.63 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2397 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.06 0.06 272.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 251.7 50 50 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 14 2 2 231.3 44.0 44.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 290 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 57 59 0.57 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 14 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.98 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.36 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.18 set value 0.39 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.67 set value 2.4 2.4 3.810 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.17 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.140 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.96 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2417 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.06 0.06 252.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 231.3 44 44 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 15 2 2 228.8 43.8 43.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 291 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 61 63 0.61 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 15 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.02 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.36 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.25 set value 0.40 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.69 set value 2.4 2.4 3.817 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.18 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.135 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.10 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2425 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.06 0.06 249.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 228.8 44 44 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 15 2 2 216.7 45.4 45.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 292 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 61 63 0.61 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 15 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.15 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.40 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.47 set value 0.45 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.69 set value 2.4 2.4 3.817 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.19 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.135 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.10 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2425 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.23 total 0.06 0.06 237.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 216.7 45 45 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 17 2 2 222.1 39.8 39.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 293 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 71 73 0.71 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 17 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.04 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.32 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.28 set value 0.36 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.83 set value 2.4 2.4 3.530 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.20 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.126 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.29 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2436 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.05 0.05 243.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 222.1 40 40 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 19 2 2 162.9 38.9 38.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 294 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 82 84 0.82 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 19 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.75 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.40 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 21.47 set value 0.52 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.36 set value 2.4 2.4 3.382 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.21 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.117 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.33 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2439 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.32 total 0.07 0.07 183.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 162.9 39 39 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 21 2 2 199.9 35.1 35.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 295 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 93 95 0.93 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 21 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.23 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.28 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.60 set value 0.35 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.00 set value 2.4 2.4 3.272 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.22 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.109 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.32 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2438 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.26 total 0.05 0.05 220.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 199.9 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 23 2 2 202.6 38.2 38.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 296 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 102 104 1.02 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 23 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.26 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.32 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.65 set value 0.39 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.81 set value 2.4 2.4 3.518 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.23 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.103 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.31 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2437 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.25 total 0.06 0.06 223.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 202.6 38 38 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 24 2 2 180.8 34.4 34.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 297 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 113 115 1.13 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 24 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.51 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.28 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 21.07 set value 0.40 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.54 set value 2.4 2.4 3.430 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.24 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.095 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.29 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2436 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.29 total 0.06 0.06 201.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 180.8 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 26 2 2 172.0 44.2 44.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 298 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 120 122 1.2 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 26 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.62 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.48 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 21.25 set value 0.57 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.43 set value 2.4 2.4 3.396 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.25 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.090 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.27 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2435 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.30 total 0.07 0.07 193.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 172.0 44 44 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 26 2 2 167.1 35.4 35.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 299 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 1 120 122 1.2 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 26 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.69 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.32 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 21.37 set value 0.45 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.43 set value 2.4 2.4 3.396 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.26 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.090 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.27 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2435 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.31 total 0.06 0.06 188.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 167.1 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 36 2 2 212.4 41.5 41.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 300 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 2 20 22 1.72 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 36 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.12 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.36 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.42 set value 0.41 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.75 set value 2.4 2.4 3.483 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.27 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.046 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.04 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2421 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.24 total 0.06 0.06 233.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 212.4 42 42 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 47 2 2 207.1 38.2 38.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 301 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 2 61 63 2.13 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 47 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.16 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.32 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.48 set value 0.38 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.62 set value 2.4 2.4 3.429 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.28 Evans and Müller, 2012 5.000 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.92 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.00 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2415 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.24 total 0.06 0.06 228.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 207.1 38 38 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 52 2 2 197.5 42.5 42.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 302 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 2 82 84 2.34 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 52 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.29 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.40 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.70 set value 0.46 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.83 set value 2.4 2.4 3.486 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.29 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.976 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.92 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2415 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.26 total 0.06 0.06 218.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 197.5 43 43 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 61 2 2 198.7 54.3 54.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 303 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 2 119 121 2.71 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 61 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.31 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.56 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.73 set value 0.61 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.12 set value 2.4 2.4 3.567 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.30 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.936 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.06 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2423 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.26 total 0.08 0.08 219.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 198.7 54 54 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 77 2 2 233.6 47.3 47.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 304 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 3 29 31 3.31 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 77 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.89 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.40 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.03 set value 0.42 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.19 set value 2.4 2.4 3.569 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.31 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.868 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.60 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2396 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.06 0.06 254.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 233.6 47 47 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 84 2 2 235.0 58.3 58.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 305 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 3 54 56 3.56 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 84 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.88 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.52 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.02 set value 0.54 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.25 set value 2.4 2.4 3.581 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.32 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.838 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.59 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2395 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.08 0.08 256.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 235.0 58 58 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 89 2 2 260.6 51.8 51.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 306 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 3 71 73 3.73 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 89 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.68 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.40 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.68 set value 0.41 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.82 set value 2.4 2.4 3.762 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.33 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.817 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.60 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2396 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.06 0.06 281.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 260.6 52 52 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 100 2 2 270.5 62.1 62.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 307 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 3 111 113 4.13 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 100 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.58 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.48 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.52 set value 0.49 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.72 set value 2.4 2.4 3.714 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.34 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.769 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.55 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2392 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.07 0.07 291.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 270.5 62 62 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 106 2 2 249.3 53.6 53.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 308 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 3 132 134 4.335 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 106 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.76 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.44 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.82 set value 0.45 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.42 set value 2.4 2.4 3.611 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.35 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.758 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.68 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2400 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.07 0.07 270.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 249.3 54 54 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 111 2 2 294.6 39.2 39.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 309 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 1 3 4.51 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 111 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.38 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.18 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.55 set value 2.4 2.4 3.65 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.36 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.749 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.63 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2397 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.04 0.04 315.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 294.6 39 39 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 117 2 2 303.0 86.1 86.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 310 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 22 24 4.74 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 117 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.26 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.60 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.98 set value 0.60 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.28 set value 2.4 2.4 3.557 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.37 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.738 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.24 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2374 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.12 total 0.09 0.09 324.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 303.0 86 86 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 119 2 2 319.5 91.4 91.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 311 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 30 32 4.82 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 119 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.18 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.60 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.85 set value 0.60 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.86 set value 2.4 2.4 3.749 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.38 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.734 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.21 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2373 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.10 total 0.09 0.09 340.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 319.5 91 91 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 119 2 2 311.6 46.6 46.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 312 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 32 34 4.82 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 119 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.31 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.27 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.06 set value 0.27 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.86 set value 2.4 2.4 4.10 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.39 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.734 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.21 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.11 total 0.05 0.05 332.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 311.6 47 47 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 122 2 2 330.1 66.6 66.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 313 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 42 44 4.94 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 122 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.12 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.40 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.75 set value 0.40 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.07 set value 2.4 2.4 3.816 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.40 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.729 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.06 0.06 351.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 330.1 67 67 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 124 2 2 260.6 51.9 51.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 314 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 51 53 5.01 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 124 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.75 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.40 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.80 set value 0.41 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.21 set value 2.4 2.4 4.228 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.41 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.725 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.06 0.06 281.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 260.6 52 52 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 124 2 2 291.8 36.3 36.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 315 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 52 54 5.04 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 124 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.55 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.47 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.12 set value 2.4 2.4 4.59 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.10 0.10 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.42 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.724 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2372 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.04 0.04 312.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 291.8 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 127 2 2 283.6 38.9 38.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 316 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 62 64 5.12 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 127 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.67 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.67 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.58 set value 2.4 2.4 4.78 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.11 0.11 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.43 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.718 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.41 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2384 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 304.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 283.6 39 39 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 131 2 2 281.0 78.2 78.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 317 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 71 73 5.23 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 131 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.67 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.60 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.67 set value 0.61 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.95 set value 2.4 2.4 4.516 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.10 0.10 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.44 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.711 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.71 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2402 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.09 0.09 302.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 281.0 78 78 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 132 2 2 261.0 37.0 37.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 318 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 76 78 5.26 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 132 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.88 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.02 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.32 set value 2.4 2.4 4.67 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.10 0.10 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.45 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.709 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.87 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2411 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.04 0.04 282.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 261.0 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 133 2 2 251.0 36.0 36.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 319 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 81 83 5.31 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 133 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.92 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.09 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.33 set value 2.4 2.4 4.27 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.46 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.707 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.10 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2425 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 272.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 251.0 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 134 2 2 222.1 36.5 36.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 320 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 84 86 5.34 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 134 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.24 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.24 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.61 set value 0.33 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.51 set value 2.4 2.4 4.34 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.10 0.10 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.47 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.705 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.20 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2431 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.05 0.05 243.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 222.1 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 136 2 2 222.6 35.8 35.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 321 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 90 92 5.4 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 136 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.18 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.24 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.51 set value 0.32 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.69 set value 2.4 2.4 4.03 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.48 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.702 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.29 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2437 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.05 0.05 243.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 222.6 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 139 2 2 222.1 34.8 34.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 322 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 103 105 5.53 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 139 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.19 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.53 set value 0.30 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.73 set value 2.4 2.4 4.04 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.49 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.696 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.32 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2438 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.05 0.05 243.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 222.1 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 147 2 2 229.4 35.6 35.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 323 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 132 134 5.82 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 147 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.11 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.23 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.41 set value 0.30 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.94 set value 2.4 2.4 4.11 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.50 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.681 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.18 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.01 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2430 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.05 0.05 250.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 229.4 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 150 2 2 221.4 34.9 34.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 324 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 4 142 144 5.92 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 150 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.22 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.58 set value 0.31 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.16 set value 2.4 2.4 4.19 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.51 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.675 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.15 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2428 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.05 0.05 242.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 221.4 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 170 2 2 219.8 34.8 34.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 325 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 5 51 53 6.51 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 170 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.22 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.58 set value 0.31 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.25 set value 2.4 2.4 4.21 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.52 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.637 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.93 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2415 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.05 0.05 240.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 219.8 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 180 2 2 218.5 33.8 33.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 326 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 5 91 93 6.91 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 180 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.17 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.50 set value 0.30 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.32 set value 2.4 2.4 3.87 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.53 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.618 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.03 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2421 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.05 0.05 239.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 218.5 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 184 2 2 228.7 35.3 35.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 327 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 6 12 14 7.12 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 184 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.06 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.23 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.32 set value 0.30 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.25 set value 2.4 2.4 3.84 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.54 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.610 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.11 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2426 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.05 0.05 249.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 228.7 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 190 2 2 236.0 33.8 33.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 328 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 6 33 35 7.33 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 190 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.95 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.21 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.14 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.25 set value 2.4 2.4 3.84 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.55 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.599 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.69 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2401 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.04 0.04 257.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 236.0 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 192 2 2 235.5 34.1 34.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 329 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 6 39 41 7.39 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 192 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.86 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.23 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.98 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.12 set value 2.4 2.4 3.47 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.56 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.596 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.54 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2392 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.05 0.05 256.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 235.5 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 198 2 2 260.6 33.6 33.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 330 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 1 CC 7 9 7.62 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 198 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.56 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.48 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.45 set value 2.4 2.4 3.26 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.57 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.584 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.41 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2384 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.04 0.04 281.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 260.6 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 212 2 2 291.7 39.7 39.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 331 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 2 1 39 40 7.99 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 212 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.36 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.23 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.15 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.28 set value 2.4 2.4 3.51 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.58 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.572 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.39 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2383 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.04 0.04 312.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 291.7 40 40 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 220 2 2 277.0 35.6 35.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 332 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 2 1 59 61 8.19 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 220 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.67 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.66 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.40 set value 2.4 2.4 4.24 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.59 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.566 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.77 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2405 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.04 0.04 298.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 277.0 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 224 2 2 276.9 41.8 41.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 333 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 2 1 69 71 8.29 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 224 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.67 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.27 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.67 set value 0.28 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.26 set value 2.4 2.4 4.19 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.60 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.563 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.96 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2417 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.05 0.05 297.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 276.9 42 42 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 227 2 2 248.8 36.2 36.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 334 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 2 1 91 93 8.51 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 227 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.82 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.24 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.92 set value 0.27 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.91 set value 2.4 2.4 3.71 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.61 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.561 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.93 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2415 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.19 total 0.05 0.05 269.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 248.8 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 236 2 2 275.3 39.0 39.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 335 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 2 1 111 113 8.71 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 236 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.47 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.24 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.33 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.98 set value 2.4 2.4 3.41 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.62 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.555 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.39 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2383 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.05 0.05 296.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 275.3 39 39 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 239 2 2 254.6 35.1 35.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 336 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 2 1 123 125 8.83 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 239 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.70 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.71 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.60 set value 2.4 2.4 3.60 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.63 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.552 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.38 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2382 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 275.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 254.6 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 243 2 2 293.0 41.9 41.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 337 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 2 1 139 141 8.99 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 243 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.44 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.29 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.32 set value 2.4 2.4 3.84 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.64 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.550 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.59 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2395 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.05 0.05 314.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 293.0 42 42 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 247 2 2 279.7 37.3 37.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 338 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 2 2 9 11 9.19 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 247 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.59 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.53 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.44 set value 2.4 2.4 3.89 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.65 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.547 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.93 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.02 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2415 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.04 0.04 300.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 279.7 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 250 2 2 239.6 35.1 35.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 339 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 2 2 23 24 9.33 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 250 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.00 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.22 set value 0.27 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.97 set value 2.4 2.4 4.07 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.66 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.545 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.03 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.03 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2421 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.05 0.05 260.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 239.6 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 258 2 2 249.4 33.8 33.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 340 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 2 2 63 65 9.73 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 258 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.84 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.96 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.17 set value 2.4 2.4 3.79 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.67 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.540 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37.00 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.03 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2419 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 270.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 249.4 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1087 2 2 244.0 33.1 33.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 341 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 4 7 22 24 35.82 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1087 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.82 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.92 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.56 set value 2.4 2.4 3.59 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.68 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.563 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.66 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2399 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.19 total 0.04 0.04 265.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 244.0 33 33 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1089 2 2 271.9 35.5 35.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 342 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 4 7 33 35 35.93 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1089 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.57 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.49 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.57 set value 2.4 2.4 3.60 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.69 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.561 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.66 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2399 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.04 0.04 292.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 271.9 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1090 2 2 233.6 31.6 31.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 343 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 4 7 42 44 36.02 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1090 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.93 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.17 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.09 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.57 set value 2.4 2.4 3.60 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.70 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.560 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.67 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2399 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.04 0.04 254.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 233.6 32 32 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1093 2 2 253.6 34.5 34.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 344 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 4 7 52 54 36.12 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1093 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.80 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.88 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.46 set value 2.4 2.4 3.89 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.71 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.557 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.70 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2401 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 274.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 253.6 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1095 2 2 263.8 37.0 37.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 345 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 4 7 60 62 36.20 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1095 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.73 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.77 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.79 set value 2.4 2.4 4.01 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.72 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.555 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.73 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2403 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.04 0.04 284.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 263.8 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1099 2 2 343.5 44.6 44.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 346 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 4 CC 11 13 36.43 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1099 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.09 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.70 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.32 set value 2.4 2.4 3.84 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.73 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.551 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.72 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2403 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.08 total 0.04 0.04 364.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 343.5 45 45 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1102 2 2 320.3 40.9 40.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 347 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 12 14 36.22 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1102 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.23 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.93 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.18 set value 2.4 2.4 3.79 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.74 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.548 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.63 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2397 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.10 total 0.04 0.04 341.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 320.3 41 41 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1103 2 2 330.3 52.8 52.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 348 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 17 19 36.27 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1103 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.23 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.29 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.93 set value 0.29 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.17 set value 2.4 2.4 4.15 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.75 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.547 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.61 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2396 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.05 0.05 351.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 330.3 53 53 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1106 2 2 258.0 31.9 31.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 349 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 38 40 36.47 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1106 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.75 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.15 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.79 set value 0.18 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.45 set value 2.4 2.4 3.89 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.76 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.544 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.55 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2392 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.04 0.04 279.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 258.0 32 32 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1108 2 2 276.8 36.3 36.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 350 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 48 50 36.58 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1108 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.51 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.40 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.51 set value 2.4 2.4 3.57 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.77 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.542 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.54 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2392 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.04 0.04 297.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 276.8 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1110 2 2 299.3 37.5 37.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 351 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 59 61 36.69 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1110 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.42 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.25 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.72 set value 2.4 2.4 3.98 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.78 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.540 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.57 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2394 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.12 total 0.04 0.04 320.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 299.3 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1113 2 2 258.5 35.0 35.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 352 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 70 72 36.80 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1113 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.78 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.84 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.78 set value 2.4 2.4 4.00 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.79 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.537 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.66 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2399 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.04 0.04 279.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 258.5 35 35 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1115 2 2 239.5 33.7 33.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 353 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 81 83 36.91 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1115 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.94 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.11 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.40 set value 2.4 2.4 3.87 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.80 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.535 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.75 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2404 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.20 total 0.04 0.04 260.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 239.5 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1118 2 2 225.6 31.4 31.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 354 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 90 92 37.00 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1118 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.11 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.15 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.40 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.75 set value 2.4 2.4 3.99 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.81 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.532 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.78 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2406 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.04 0.04 246.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 225.6 31 31 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1120 2 2 263.3 32.9 32.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 355 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 99 101 37.09 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1120 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.79 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.15 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.86 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 27.26 set value 2.4 2.4 4.18 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.82 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.530 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.87 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2411 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.04 0.04 284.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 263.3 33 33 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1123 2 2 215.1 31.6 31.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 356 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 108 110 37.18 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1123 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.25 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.15 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.64 set value 0.27 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.95 set value 2.4 2.4 4.06 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.83 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.527 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.96 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2417 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.23 total 0.05 0.05 236.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 215.1 32 32 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1126 2 2 264.5 36.3 36.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 357 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 118 120 37.28 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1126 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.64 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.21 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.61 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.31 set value 2.4 2.4 3.50 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.84 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.524 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.96 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2417 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.04 0.04 285.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 264.5 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1128 2 2 263.2 36.6 36.6 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 358 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 123 125 37.33 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1128 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.63 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.60 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.14 set value 2.4 2.4 3.45 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.85 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.522 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.93 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2415 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.17 total 0.04 0.04 284.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 263.2 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1131 2 2 268.2 33.1 33.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 359 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 132 134 37.42 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1131 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.63 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.16 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.61 set value 0.18 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.86 set value 2.4 2.4 3.68 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.86 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.519 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.83 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2409 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.04 0.04 289.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 268.2 33 33 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1137 2 2 316.2 36.7 36.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 360 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 1 148 150 37.58 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1137 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.23 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.15 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.94 set value 0.15 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.73 set value 2.4 2.4 3.63 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.87 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.513 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.70 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2401 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.11 total 0.04 0.04 337.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 316.2 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1140 2 2 333.1 43.9 43.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 361 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 8 10 37.68 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1140 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.04 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.62 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.81 set value 2.4 2.4 3.34 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.88 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.510 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.59 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2395 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.04 0.04 354.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 333.1 44 44 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1143 2 2 302.2 44.0 44.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 362 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 17 19 37.77 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1143 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.18 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.24 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.85 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 23.80 set value 2.4 2.4 3.05 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.89 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.507 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.52 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2391 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.05 0.05 323.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 302.2 44 44 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1145 2 2 321.8 45.7 45.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 363 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 23 25 37.83 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1145 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.09 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.23 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.71 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.57 set value 2.4 2.4 3.27 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.90 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.505 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.50 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2390 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.10 total 0.05 0.05 342.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 321.8 46 46 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1149 2 2 339.2 64.5 64.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 364 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 33 35 37.93 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1149 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.96 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.35 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.49 set value 0.36 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.42 set value 2.4 2.4 3.23 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.91 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.501 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.48 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.11 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2388 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.06 0.06 360.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 339.2 64 64 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1151 2 2 283.3 40.5 40.5 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 365 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 39 41 37.99 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1151 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.31 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.24 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.07 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 23.64 set value 2.4 2.4 3.01 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.92 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.499 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.46 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2387 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.05 0.05 304.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 283.3 41 41 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1154 2 2 266.9 37.0 37.0 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 366 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 48 50 38.08 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1154 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.52 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.42 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.59 set value 2.4 2.4 3.27 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.93 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.496 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.45 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2387 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.04 0.04 287.9 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 266.9 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1158 2 2 325.1 44.8 44.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 367 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 59 61 38.19 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1158 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.10 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.72 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.11 set value 2.4 2.4 3.43 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.94 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.492 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.42 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2385 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.10 total 0.04 0.04 346.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 325.1 45 45 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1161 2 2 335.4 47.2 47.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 368 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 67 69 38.27 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1161 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 19.98 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.52 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.40 set value 2.4 2.4 3.22 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.95 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.489 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.40 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2383 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.05 0.05 356.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 335.4 47 47 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1163 2 2 295.0 37.9 37.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 369 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 73 75 38.33 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1163 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.37 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.17 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.79 set value 2.4 2.4 3.65 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.96 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.487 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.39 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2383 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.04 0.04 316.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 295.0 38 38 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1170 2 2 305.2 36.1 36.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 370 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 93 95 38.53 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1170 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.29 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.16 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.04 set value 0.16 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.68 set value 2.4 2.4 3.60 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.97 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.480 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.47 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2388 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.12 total 0.04 0.04 326.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 305.2 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1178 2 2 293.6 36.2 36.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 371 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 120 122 38.80 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1178 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.36 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.16 set value 0.18 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.41 set value 2.4 2.4 3.52 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.98 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.472 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.51 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2390 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.13 total 0.04 0.04 314.6 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 293.6 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1180 2 2 282.2 36.7 36.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 372 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 130 132 38.90 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1180 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.50 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.20 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.38 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.99 set value 2.4 2.4 3.70 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.99 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.470 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.50 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2389 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 303.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 282.2 37 37 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1182 2 2 247.3 31.4 31.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 373 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 2 141 143 39.01 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1182 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.85 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.15 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.97 set value 0.20 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.55 set value 2.4 2.4 3.90 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.100 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.468 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.49 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2389 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 268.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 247.3 31 31 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1184 2 2 240.4 32.3 32.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 374 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 2 4 39.12 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1184 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.83 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.94 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.45 set value 2.4 2.4 3.53 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.101 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.466 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.49 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2389 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.19 total 0.04 0.04 261.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 240.4 32 32 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1186 2 2 274.2 35.8 35.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 375 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 10 12 39.20 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1186 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.57 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.51 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.12 set value 2.4 2.4 3.75 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.102 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.464 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.50 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2389 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.04 0.04 295.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 274.2 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1188 2 2 284.8 36.1 36.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 376 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 19 21 39.29 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1188 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.44 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.19 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.29 set value 0.19 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.48 set value 2.4 2.4 3.54 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.103 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.462 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.56 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2393 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 305.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 284.8 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1191 2 2 230.2 30.4 30.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 377 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 27 29 39.37 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1191 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.95 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.15 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.13 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.29 set value 2.4 2.4 3.47 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.104 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.459 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.77 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2406 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.04 0.04 251.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 230.2 30 30 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1195 2 2 223.0 31.2 31.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 378 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 37 39 39.47 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1195 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.97 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.17 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.50 set value 2.4 2.4 3.23 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.105 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.455 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.88 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2412 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.22 total 0.04 0.04 244.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 223.0 31 31 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1203 2 2 207.0 30.2 30.2 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 379 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 58 60 39.68 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1203 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 21.22 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.15 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.58 set value 0.26 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.53 set value 2.4 2.4 3.54 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.106 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.446 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.80 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2407 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.24 total 0.04 0.04 228.0 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 207.0 30 30 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1207 2 2 232.2 30.9 30.9 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 380 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 67 69 39.77 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1207 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.99 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.14 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 20.20 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.11 set value 2.4 2.4 3.74 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.107 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.443 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.80 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2407 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.21 total 0.04 0.04 253.2 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 232.2 31 31 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1210 2 2 255.4 33.4 33.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 381 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 78 80 39.88 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1210 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.71 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.73 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.41 set value 2.4 2.4 3.51 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.108 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.439 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.78 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2406 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.18 total 0.04 0.04 276.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 255.4 33 33 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1214 2 2 309.8 38.4 38.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 382 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 95 97 40.05 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1214 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.24 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.18 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.94 set value 0.18 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.19 set value 2.4 2.4 3.43 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.109 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.434 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.64 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2398 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.12 total 0.04 0.04 330.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 309.8 38 38 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1216 2 2 291.7 39.8 39.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 383 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 102 104 40.12 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1216 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.36 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.14 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.04 set value 2.4 2.4 3.39 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.110 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.432 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.57 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2393 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 312.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 291.7 40 40 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1219 2 2 322.3 45.1 45.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 384 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 110 112 40.20 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1219 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.07 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.22 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.67 set value 0.23 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 24.31 set value 2.4 2.4 3.17 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.07 0.07 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.111 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.430 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.53 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2391 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.10 total 0.05 0.05 343.3 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 322.3 45 45 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1224 2 2 268.8 38.4 38.4 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 385 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 129 131 40.39 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1224 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.53 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.24 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.44 set value 0.24 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.13 set value 2.4 2.4 3.41 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.112 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.423 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.32 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2379 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.16 total 0.05 0.05 289.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 268.8 38 38 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1227 2 2 287.5 38.7 38.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 386 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 137 139 40.47 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1227 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.38 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.21 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.18 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.17 set value 2.4 2.4 3.43 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.113 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.420 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.29 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2377 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 308.5 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 287.5 39 39 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1231 2 2 332.8 49.8 49.8 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 387 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 3 147 149 40.57 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1231 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.04 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.25 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.62 set value 0.25 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.14 set value 2.4 2.4 3.42 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.114 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.416 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.27 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2376 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.09 total 0.05 0.05 353.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 332.8 50 50 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1234 2 2 312.7 41.7 41.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 388 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 4 6 8 40.66 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1234 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.23 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.21 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 18.93 set value 0.21 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 25.74 set value 2.4 2.4 3.60 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.115 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.413 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.27 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2376 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.11 total 0.04 0.04 333.7 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 312.7 42 42 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1236 2 2 275.4 34.3 34.3 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 389 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 4 12 14 40.72 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1236 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.56 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.17 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.49 set value 0.18 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.36 set value 2.4 2.4 3.81 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.08 0.08 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.116 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.410 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.28 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2376 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.15 total 0.04 0.04 296.4 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 275.4 34 34 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1240 2 2 281.8 37.7 37.7 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 390 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 4 21 23 40.81 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1240 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.55 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.21 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.46 set value 0.22 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 26.84 set value 2.4 2.4 3.97 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.09 0.09 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.117 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.406 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.30 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2378 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.14 total 0.04 0.04 302.8 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 281.8 38 38 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017 boron isotopes Dyez 2018 10.1029/2018PA003349 1243 2 2 308.1 36.1 36.1 Kelsey Dyez kelseydyez@gmail.com Dyez, K.A., Hönisch, B. and Schmidt, G.A. (2018) Early Pleistocene Obliquity-Scale pCO2 Variability at ~1.5 Million Years Ago. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 391 10.1029/2018PA003349 999 A 5 4 29 31 40.89 NA NA Caribbean 12.911 78.833 NA NA -2838.9 NA NA NA 1243 normal distribution 2 2 NA magnetic polarity/d18O stratigraphy Martinez-Boti et al. 2015 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Globigerinoides ruber 300-355 ~200 2 Barker et al. (2003) column chemistry MC-ICPMS, Neptune NA 2 NA 20.46 external, standard deviation, normal distribution 0.15 0.60 set value 0.08 8.87 set value 1.52 Henehan et al., 2013 none 19.32 set value 0.16 included calibration slope and intercept square root of sum of squares 50 set value 50 28.20 set value 2.4 2.4 4.49 NA normal distribution, +/-2.2% 0.10 0.10 (ln((Mg/Ca)/((0.38/(5.2^0.41))*(Mg/Casw)^0.41)))/0.118 Evans and Müller, 2012 4.402 Fantle and dePaolo, 2006 none none none NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 36.54 set value 2 proportional to change in global average salinity due to sea level change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 432.6 NA NA Lee et al. 2010 39.61 ± 0.1/Mya 0.12 Foster et al. (2010) A. G. Dickson, Deep-Sea Res. 37, 755 (1990). Millero, 1995 1.0272 NA NA Klochko et al. (2006) none none CO2SYS NA Lueker et al., 2000 Lueker et al., 2000 Dickson, 1990 NA NA alkalinity Proportional to salinity NA 2392 set value 100 100 NA NA NA NA 8.11 total 0.04 0.04 329.1 21 Near equilibrium in modern, average annual offset is -21 uatm when changing from aqueous PCO2 to atmospheric pCO2 308.1 36 36 square root of the sum of the squared individual pCO2 uncertainties Including 2s uncertainty in pCO2 due to borate calibration, d11Bsw, SST, SSS, and alkalinity. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA d11B data originally published by Chalk et al. 2017