# Paleo-pCO2 Database Inner Mongolia Early Miocene Stomata CO2 Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/37663 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-forcing-37663.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Climate Forcing # # Dataset_DOI: # # Science_Keywords: carbon cycle, Atmospheric Gas Reconstruction #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/ # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Early Miocene Stomata CO2 Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2023-03-02 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2023-03-02 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Paleo-pCO2 Database Inner Mongolia Early Miocene Stomata CO2 Data #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Wolfe, Alexander; Reyes, Alberto; Royer, Dana; Greenwood, David; Doria, Gabriela; Gagen, Mary; Siver, Peter; Westgate, John #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: paleo-CO2 reconstructions from leaf gas exchange proxy #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Wolfe, Alexander P.; Reyes, Alberto V.; Royer, Dana L.; Greenwood, David R.; Doria, Gabriela; Gagen, Mary H.; Siver, Peter A.; Westgate, John A. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2017 # Published_Title: Middle Eocene CO2 and climate reconstructed from the sediment fill of a subarctic kimberlite maar # Journal_Name: Geology # Volume: 45 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 619-622 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1130/g39002.1 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Eocene paleoclimate reconstructions are rarely accompanied by parallel estimates of CO2 from the same locality, complicating assessment of the equilibrium climate response to elevated CO2. We reconstruct temperature, precipitation, and CO2 from latest middle Eocene (ca. 38 Ma) terrestrial sediments in the posteruptive sediment fill of the Giraffe kimberlite in subarctic Canada. Mutual climatic range and oxygen isotope analyses of botanical fossils reveal a humidtemperate forest ecosystem with mean annual temperatures (MATs) more than 17 °C warmer than present and mean annual precipitation ~4× present. Metasequoia stomatal indices and gas-exchange modeling produce median CO2 concentrations of ~630 and ~430 ppm, respectively, with a combined median estimate of ~490 ppm. Reconstructed MATs are more than 6 °C warmer than those produced by Eocene climate models forced at 560 ppm CO2. Estimates of regional climate sensitivity, expressed as ?MAT per CO2 doubling above preindustrial levels, converge on a value of ~13 °C, underscoring the capacity for exceptional polar amplification of warming and hydrological intensification under modest CO2 concentrations once both fast and slow feedbacks become expressed. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Giraffe Pipe # Location: Northwest Territories # Northernmost_Latitude: 64.8 # Southernmost_Latitude: 64.8 # Easternmost_Longitude: -101.066667 # Westernmost_Longitude: -101.066667 # Elevation_m: #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: giraffe-pipe_franks_wolfe2017 # First_Year: 37840000 # Last_Year: 37840000 # Time_Unit: calendar year before present # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: carbon dioxide # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: proxy first_author_last_name publication_year doi age_ka Age_uncertainty_pos_ka Age_uncertainty_neg_ka CO2_ppm CO2_uncertainty_pos_ppm CO2_uncertainty_neg_ppm person_who_entered_data email_of_individual_entering_the_data reference_of_the_data_product doi SampleName Family Genus Species Sample_repository "Geologic Formation" StratigraphicLevel Age_Ma Age_uncertainty_old_Ma Age_uncertainty_young_Ma Age_scale_GTS20XX How_was_age_determined Modern_Latitude_decimal_degree_south_negative Modern_Longitude_decimal_degree_west_negative Paleo_Latitude_decimal_degree_south_negative Paleo_Longitude_decimal_degree_west_negative Estimated_atmospheric_CO2_concentration_ppm CO2_type CO2_low_ppm CO2_high_ppm What_is_the_CO2_range_low_and_high What_is_the_distribution_of_the_uncertainties Counting_Method_Image_microscope Counting_box_dimensions_µm_×_µm Dab eDab N_eDab Dad eDad N_eDad GCLab eGCLab N_eGCLab GCLad eGCLad N_eGCLad GCWab eGCWab N_eGCWab GCWad eGCWad N_eGCWad d13Cp ed13Cp N_ed13Cp d13Ca ed13Ca N_ed13Ca CO2_0 A0 eA0 N_eA0 CiCa0 eCiCa0 N_eCiCa0 gb egb N_egb s1 es1 N_es1 s2 es2 N_es2 s3 es3 N_es3 s4 es4 N_es4 s5 es5 N_es5 fixed_A b d.v. gamma temp stomata-franks Wolfe 2017 10.1130/g39002.1 37840 1990 1990 341 46 39 Dana Royer droyer@wesleyan.edu Wolfe, A. P., Reyes, A. V., Royer, D. L., Greenwood, D. R., Doria, G., Gagen, M. H., Siver, P. A., and Westgate, J. A., 2017, Middle Eocene CO2 and climate reconstructed from the sediment fill of a subarctic kimberlite maar: Geology, v. 45, p. 619-622, doi: 10.1130/g39002.1. 10.1130/g39002.1 Giraffe 58.16 Cupressaceae Metasequoia occidentalis University of Calgery Giraffe kimberlite locality 58.16 vertical equivalent depth (m) 37.84 39.83 35.85 NA The age of the peat is constrained by three fission-track dates from two calcalkaline rhyolitic tephra beds at the base of the peat (fig. 2; Wolfe and others, 2006) using both diameter-corrected (n = 2) and isothermal-plateau (n = 1) techniques (Westgate and others, 2006), which produce a weighted-mean age model of 37.84 Ma. The studied peat section (7.54 m) represents ~104 yrs assuming a similar accumulation rate as the peat-to-lignite grade. 64.8 -101.066667 NA NA 341 median 302 387 16th and 84th percentile right-skewed microscope varying; but maxium of 0.1336 mm2 57600000 4460000 5 leaves (5 fields-of-view from each leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000345 0.00000199 5 leaves (multiple stomata per leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000203 0.000000023 This is based on a scaling in living Metasequoia between the "inner rectangular length" and single guard cell width (s1 * GCLab to get pore length, then 0.7 * pore length to get single guard cell width); see Table DR4 in Wolfe et al. (2017) for details 0 0 NA -24.879335 0.2 1 leaf (different from leaves measured for stomatal dimensions) -6 0.7 age model of Tipple et al. (2010; 10.1029/2009PA001851) 396 6.67 0.39 mean of 12 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.63 0.007 mean of 10 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 2 0.1 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.84 0.0165 pore length was scaled from "inner rectangular length" based on the scaling of leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides 1 0.05 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.5 0.025 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.34 0.038 based on measurements of 7 leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.013 0.00065 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean no 30 0.000940096 40 25 stomata-franks Wolfe 2017 10.1130/g39002.1 37840 1990 1990 425 64 52 Dana Royer droyer@wesleyan.edu Wolfe, A. P., Reyes, A. V., Royer, D. L., Greenwood, D. R., Doria, G., Gagen, M. H., Siver, P. A., and Westgate, J. A., 2017, Middle Eocene CO2 and climate reconstructed from the sediment fill of a subarctic kimberlite maar: Geology, v. 45, p. 619-622, doi: 10.1130/g39002.1. 10.1130/g39002.1 Giraffe 58.50 Cupressaceae Metasequoia occidentalis University of Calgery Giraffe kimberlite locality 58.50 vertical equivalent depth (m) 37.84 39.83 35.85 NA The age of the peat is constrained by three fission-track dates from two calcalkaline rhyolitic tephra beds at the base of the peat (fig. 2; Wolfe and others, 2006) using both diameter-corrected (n = 2) and isothermal-plateau (n = 1) techniques (Westgate and others, 2006), which produce a weighted-mean age model of 37.84 Ma. The studied peat section (7.54 m) represents ~104 yrs assuming a similar accumulation rate as the peat-to-lignite grade. 64.8 -101.066667 NA NA 425 median 373 489 16th and 84th percentile right-skewed microscope varying; but maxium of 0.1336 mm2 58100000 4480000 5 leaves (5 fields-of-view from each leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000307 0.00000243 5 leaves (multiple stomata per leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000181 2.81E-08 This is based on a scaling in living Metasequoia between the "inner rectangular length" and single guard cell width (s1 * GCLab to get pore length, then 0.7 * pore length to get single guard cell width); see Table DR4 in Wolfe et al. (2017) for details 0 0 NA -26.176874 0.2 1 leaf (different from leaves measured for stomatal dimensions) -6 0.7 age model of Tipple et al. (2010; 10.1029/2009PA001851) 396 6.67 0.39 mean of 12 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.63 0.007 mean of 10 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 2 0.1 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.84 0.0165 pore length was scaled from "inner rectangular length" based on the scaling of leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides 1 0.05 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.5 0.025 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.34 0.038 based on measurements of 7 leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.013 0.00065 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean no 30 0.000940096 40 25 stomata-franks Wolfe 2017 10.1130/g39002.1 37840 1990 1990 452 73 59 Dana Royer droyer@wesleyan.edu Wolfe, A. P., Reyes, A. V., Royer, D. L., Greenwood, D. R., Doria, G., Gagen, M. H., Siver, P. A., and Westgate, J. A., 2017, Middle Eocene CO2 and climate reconstructed from the sediment fill of a subarctic kimberlite maar: Geology, v. 45, p. 619-622, doi: 10.1130/g39002.1. 10.1130/g39002.1 Giraffe 58.73 Cupressaceae Metasequoia occidentalis University of Calgery Giraffe kimberlite locality 58.73 vertical equivalent depth (m) 37.84 39.83 35.85 NA The age of the peat is constrained by three fission-track dates from two calcalkaline rhyolitic tephra beds at the base of the peat (fig. 2; Wolfe and others, 2006) using both diameter-corrected (n = 2) and isothermal-plateau (n = 1) techniques (Westgate and others, 2006), which produce a weighted-mean age model of 37.84 Ma. The studied peat section (7.54 m) represents ~104 yrs assuming a similar accumulation rate as the peat-to-lignite grade. 64.8 -101.066667 NA NA 452 median 393 525 16th and 84th percentile right-skewed microscope varying; but maxium of 0.1336 mm2 62700000 4650000 5 leaves (5 fields-of-view from each leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000292 0.000003 5 leaves (multiple stomata per leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000172 3.47E-08 This is based on a scaling in living Metasequoia between the "inner rectangular length" and single guard cell width (s1 * GCLab to get pore length, then 0.7 * pore length to get single guard cell width); see Table DR4 in Wolfe et al. (2017) for details 0 0 NA -26.73808 0.2 1 leaf (different from leaves measured for stomatal dimensions) -6 0.7 age model of Tipple et al. (2010; 10.1029/2009PA001851) 396 6.67 0.39 mean of 12 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.63 0.007 mean of 10 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 2 0.1 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.84 0.0165 pore length was scaled from "inner rectangular length" based on the scaling of leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides 1 0.05 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.5 0.025 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.34 0.038 based on measurements of 7 leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.013 0.00065 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean no 30 0.000940096 40 25 stomata-franks Wolfe 2017 10.1130/g39002.1 37840 1990 1990 433 66 55 Dana Royer droyer@wesleyan.edu Wolfe, A. P., Reyes, A. V., Royer, D. L., Greenwood, D. R., Doria, G., Gagen, M. H., Siver, P. A., and Westgate, J. A., 2017, Middle Eocene CO2 and climate reconstructed from the sediment fill of a subarctic kimberlite maar: Geology, v. 45, p. 619-622, doi: 10.1130/g39002.1. 10.1130/g39002.1 Giraffe 59.20 Cupressaceae Metasequoia occidentalis University of Calgery Giraffe kimberlite locality 59.20 vertical equivalent depth (m) 37.84 39.83 35.85 NA The age of the peat is constrained by three fission-track dates from two calcalkaline rhyolitic tephra beds at the base of the peat (fig. 2; Wolfe and others, 2006) using both diameter-corrected (n = 2) and isothermal-plateau (n = 1) techniques (Westgate and others, 2006), which produce a weighted-mean age model of 37.84 Ma. The studied peat section (7.54 m) represents ~104 yrs assuming a similar accumulation rate as the peat-to-lignite grade. 64.8 -101.066667 NA NA 433 median 378 499 16th and 84th percentile right-skewed microscope varying; but maxium of 0.1336 mm2 65900000 4770000 5 leaves (5 fields-of-view from each leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000298 0.00000296 5 leaves (multiple stomata per leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000175 3.42E-08 This is based on a scaling in living Metasequoia between the "inner rectangular length" and single guard cell width (s1 * GCLab to get pore length, then 0.7 * pore length to get single guard cell width); see Table DR4 in Wolfe et al. (2017) for details 0 0 NA -26.691984 0.2 1 leaf (different from leaves measured for stomatal dimensions) -6 0.7 age model of Tipple et al. (2010; 10.1029/2009PA001851) 396 6.67 0.39 mean of 12 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.63 0.007 mean of 10 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 2 0.1 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.84 0.0165 pore length was scaled from "inner rectangular length" based on the scaling of leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides 1 0.05 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.5 0.025 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.34 0.038 based on measurements of 7 leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.013 0.00065 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean no 30 0.000940096 40 25 stomata-franks Wolfe 2017 10.1130/g39002.1 37840 1990 1990 521 95 73 Dana Royer droyer@wesleyan.edu Wolfe, A. P., Reyes, A. V., Royer, D. L., Greenwood, D. R., Doria, G., Gagen, M. H., Siver, P. A., and Westgate, J. A., 2017, Middle Eocene CO2 and climate reconstructed from the sediment fill of a subarctic kimberlite maar: Geology, v. 45, p. 619-622, doi: 10.1130/g39002.1. 10.1130/g39002.1 Giraffe 59.24 Cupressaceae Metasequoia occidentalis University of Calgery Giraffe kimberlite locality 59.24 vertical equivalent depth (m) 37.84 39.83 35.85 NA The age of the peat is constrained by three fission-track dates from two calcalkaline rhyolitic tephra beds at the base of the peat (fig. 2; Wolfe and others, 2006) using both diameter-corrected (n = 2) and isothermal-plateau (n = 1) techniques (Westgate and others, 2006), which produce a weighted-mean age model of 37.84 Ma. The studied peat section (7.54 m) represents ~104 yrs assuming a similar accumulation rate as the peat-to-lignite grade. 64.8 -101.066667 NA NA 521 median 448 616 16th and 84th percentile right-skewed microscope varying; but maxium of 0.1336 mm2 50300000 4170000 5 leaves (5 fields-of-view from each leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000289 0.00000321 5 leaves (multiple stomata per leaf) 0 0 NA 0.000017 3.71E-08 This is based on a scaling in living Metasequoia between the "inner rectangular length" and single guard cell width (s1 * GCLab to get pore length, then 0.7 * pore length to get single guard cell width); see Table DR4 in Wolfe et al. (2017) for details 0 0 NA -26.80838 0.2 1 leaf (different from leaves measured for stomatal dimensions) -6 0.7 age model of Tipple et al. (2010; 10.1029/2009PA001851) 396 6.67 0.39 mean of 12 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.63 0.007 mean of 10 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 2 0.1 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.84 0.0165 pore length was scaled from "inner rectangular length" based on the scaling of leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides 1 0.05 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.5 0.025 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.34 0.038 based on measurements of 7 leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.013 0.00065 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean no 30 0.000940096 40 25 stomata-franks Wolfe 2017 10.1130/g39002.1 37840 1990 1990 483 78 61 Dana Royer droyer@wesleyan.edu Wolfe, A. P., Reyes, A. V., Royer, D. L., Greenwood, D. R., Doria, G., Gagen, M. H., Siver, P. A., and Westgate, J. A., 2017, Middle Eocene CO2 and climate reconstructed from the sediment fill of a subarctic kimberlite maar: Geology, v. 45, p. 619-622, doi: 10.1130/g39002.1. 10.1130/g39002.1 Giraffe 62.06 Cupressaceae Metasequoia occidentalis University of Calgery Giraffe kimberlite locality 62.06 vertical equivalent depth (m) 37.84 39.83 35.85 NA The age of the peat is constrained by three fission-track dates from two calcalkaline rhyolitic tephra beds at the base of the peat (fig. 2; Wolfe and others, 2006) using both diameter-corrected (n = 2) and isothermal-plateau (n = 1) techniques (Westgate and others, 2006), which produce a weighted-mean age model of 37.84 Ma. The studied peat section (7.54 m) represents ~104 yrs assuming a similar accumulation rate as the peat-to-lignite grade. 64.8 -101.066667 NA NA 483 median 422 561 16th and 84th percentile right-skewed microscope varying; but maxium of 0.1336 mm2 55400000 4370000 5 leaves (5 fields-of-view from each leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000297 0.00000152 5 leaves (multiple stomata per leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000175 1.76E-08 This is based on a scaling in living Metasequoia between the "inner rectangular length" and single guard cell width (s1 * GCLab to get pore length, then 0.7 * pore length to get single guard cell width); see Table DR4 in Wolfe et al. (2017) for details 0 0 NA -26.823049 0.2 1 leaf (different from leaves measured for stomatal dimensions) -6 0.7 age model of Tipple et al. (2010; 10.1029/2009PA001851) 396 6.67 0.39 mean of 12 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.63 0.007 mean of 10 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 2 0.1 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.84 0.0165 pore length was scaled from "inner rectangular length" based on the scaling of leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides 1 0.05 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.5 0.025 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.34 0.038 based on measurements of 7 leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.013 0.00065 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean no 30 0.000940096 40 25 stomata-franks Wolfe 2017 10.1130/g39002.1 37840 1990 1990 440 70 57 Dana Royer droyer@wesleyan.edu Wolfe, A. P., Reyes, A. V., Royer, D. L., Greenwood, D. R., Doria, G., Gagen, M. H., Siver, P. A., and Westgate, J. A., 2017, Middle Eocene CO2 and climate reconstructed from the sediment fill of a subarctic kimberlite maar: Geology, v. 45, p. 619-622, doi: 10.1130/g39002.1. 10.1130/g39002.1 Giraffe 64.46 Cupressaceae Metasequoia occidentalis University of Calgery Giraffe kimberlite locality 64.46 vertical equivalent depth (m) 37.84 39.83 35.85 NA The age of the peat is constrained by three fission-track dates from two calcalkaline rhyolitic tephra beds at the base of the peat (fig. 2; Wolfe and others, 2006) using both diameter-corrected (n = 2) and isothermal-plateau (n = 1) techniques (Westgate and others, 2006), which produce a weighted-mean age model of 37.84 Ma. The studied peat section (7.54 m) represents ~104 yrs assuming a similar accumulation rate as the peat-to-lignite grade. 64.8 -101.066667 NA NA 440 median 383 510 16th and 84th percentile right-skewed microscope varying; but maxium of 0.1336 mm2 53600000 4300000 5 leaves (5 fields-of-view from each leaf) 0 0 NA 0.000033 0.0000033 5 leaves (multiple stomata per leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000194 3.81E-08 This is based on a scaling in living Metasequoia between the "inner rectangular length" and single guard cell width (s1 * GCLab to get pore length, then 0.7 * pore length to get single guard cell width); see Table DR4 in Wolfe et al. (2017) for details 0 0 NA -26.416687 0.2 1 leaf (different from leaves measured for stomatal dimensions) -6 0.7 age model of Tipple et al. (2010; 10.1029/2009PA001851) 396 6.67 0.39 mean of 12 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.63 0.007 mean of 10 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 2 0.1 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.84 0.0165 pore length was scaled from "inner rectangular length" based on the scaling of leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides 1 0.05 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.5 0.025 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.34 0.038 based on measurements of 7 leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.013 0.00065 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean no 30 0.000940096 40 25 stomata-franks Wolfe 2017 10.1130/g39002.1 37840 1990 1990 522 93 75 Dana Royer droyer@wesleyan.edu Wolfe, A. P., Reyes, A. V., Royer, D. L., Greenwood, D. R., Doria, G., Gagen, M. H., Siver, P. A., and Westgate, J. A., 2017, Middle Eocene CO2 and climate reconstructed from the sediment fill of a subarctic kimberlite maar: Geology, v. 45, p. 619-622, doi: 10.1130/g39002.1. 10.1130/g39002.1 Giraffe 65.69 Cupressaceae Metasequoia occidentalis University of Calgery Giraffe kimberlite locality 65.69 vertical equivalent depth (m) 37.84 39.83 35.85 NA The age of the peat is constrained by three fission-track dates from two calcalkaline rhyolitic tephra beds at the base of the peat (fig. 2; Wolfe and others, 2006) using both diameter-corrected (n = 2) and isothermal-plateau (n = 1) techniques (Westgate and others, 2006), which produce a weighted-mean age model of 37.84 Ma. The studied peat section (7.54 m) represents ~104 yrs assuming a similar accumulation rate as the peat-to-lignite grade. 64.8 -101.066667 NA NA 522 median 447 615 16th and 84th percentile right-skewed microscope varying; but maxium of 0.1336 mm2 74200000 5060000 5 leaves (5 fields-of-view from each leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000317 0.00000439 5 leaves (multiple stomata per leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000186 5.07E-08 This is based on a scaling in living Metasequoia between the "inner rectangular length" and single guard cell width (s1 * GCLab to get pore length, then 0.7 * pore length to get single guard cell width); see Table DR4 in Wolfe et al. (2017) for details 0 0 NA -28.474076 0.2 1 leaf (different from leaves measured for stomatal dimensions) -6 0.7 age model of Tipple et al. (2010; 10.1029/2009PA001851) 396 6.67 0.39 mean of 12 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.63 0.007 mean of 10 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 2 0.1 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.84 0.0165 pore length was scaled from "inner rectangular length" based on the scaling of leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides 1 0.05 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.5 0.025 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.34 0.038 based on measurements of 7 leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.013 0.00065 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean no 30 0.000940096 40 25 stomata-franks Wolfe 2017 10.1130/g39002.1 37840 1990 1990 352 65 49 Dana Royer droyer@wesleyan.edu Wolfe, A. P., Reyes, A. V., Royer, D. L., Greenwood, D. R., Doria, G., Gagen, M. H., Siver, P. A., and Westgate, J. A., 2017, Middle Eocene CO2 and climate reconstructed from the sediment fill of a subarctic kimberlite maar: Geology, v. 45, p. 619-622, doi: 10.1130/g39002.1. 10.1130/g39002.1 Giraffe 65.7 Cupressaceae Metasequoia occidentalis University of Calgery Giraffe kimberlite locality 65.70 vertical equivalent depth (m) 37.84 39.83 35.85 NA The age of the peat is constrained by three fission-track dates from two calcalkaline rhyolitic tephra beds at the base of the peat (fig. 2; Wolfe and others, 2006) using both diameter-corrected (n = 2) and isothermal-plateau (n = 1) techniques (Westgate and others, 2006), which produce a weighted-mean age model of 37.84 Ma. The studied peat section (7.54 m) represents ~104 yrs assuming a similar accumulation rate as the peat-to-lignite grade. 64.8 -101.066667 NA NA 352 median 303 417 16th and 84th percentile right-skewed microscope varying; but maxium of 0.1336 mm2 61800000 4620000 5 leaves (5 fields-of-view from each leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000289 0.00000534 5 leaves (multiple stomata per leaf) 0 0 NA 0.000017 6.17E-08 This is based on a scaling in living Metasequoia between the "inner rectangular length" and single guard cell width (s1 * GCLab to get pore length, then 0.7 * pore length to get single guard cell width); see Table DR4 in Wolfe et al. (2017) for details 0 0 NA -24.583898 0.2 1 leaf (different from leaves measured for stomatal dimensions) -6 0.7 age model of Tipple et al. (2010; 10.1029/2009PA001851) 396 6.67 0.39 mean of 12 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.63 0.007 mean of 10 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 2 0.1 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.84 0.0165 pore length was scaled from "inner rectangular length" based on the scaling of leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides 1 0.05 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.5 0.025 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.34 0.038 based on measurements of 7 leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.013 0.00065 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean no 30 0.000940096 40 25 stomata-franks Wolfe 2017 10.1130/g39002.1 37840 1990 1990 432 106 79 Dana Royer droyer@wesleyan.edu Wolfe, A. P., Reyes, A. V., Royer, D. L., Greenwood, D. R., Doria, G., Gagen, M. H., Siver, P. A., and Westgate, J. A., 2017, Middle Eocene CO2 and climate reconstructed from the sediment fill of a subarctic kimberlite maar: Geology, v. 45, p. 619-622, doi: 10.1130/g39002.1. 10.1130/g39002.1 Giraffe combined Cupressaceae Metasequoia occidentalis University of Calgery Giraffe kimberlite locality combine all levels 37.84 39.83 35.85 NA The age of the peat is constrained by three fission-track dates from two calcalkaline rhyolitic tephra beds at the base of the peat (fig. 2; Wolfe and others, 2006) using both diameter-corrected (n = 2) and isothermal-plateau (n = 1) techniques (Westgate and others, 2006), which produce a weighted-mean age model of 37.84 Ma. The studied peat section (7.54 m) represents ~104 yrs assuming a similar accumulation rate as the peat-to-lignite grade. 64.8 -101.066667 NA NA 432 median 353 538 16th and 84th percentile right-skewed microscope varying; but maxium of 0.1336 mm2 60000000 7180000 5 leaves (5 fields-of-view from each leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000307 0.00000198 5 leaves (multiple stomata per leaf) 0 0 NA 0.0000181 2.29E-08 This is based on a scaling in living Metasequoia between the "inner rectangular length" and single guard cell width (s1 * GCLab to get pore length, then 0.7 * pore length to get single guard cell width); see Table DR4 in Wolfe et al. (2017) for details 0 0 NA -26.39915144 1.15 1 leaf (different from leaves measured for stomatal dimensions) -6 0.7 age model of Tipple et al. (2010; 10.1029/2009PA001851) 396 6.67 0.39 mean of 12 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.63 0.007 mean of 10 leaves from the living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 2 0.1 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.84 0.0165 pore length was scaled from "inner rectangular length" based on the scaling of leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides 1 0.05 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.5 0.025 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean 0.34 0.038 based on measurements of 7 leaves from living Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Maxbauer et al., 2014) 0.013 0.00065 generic value from Franks et al. (2014); 1 sigma error is 5% of mean no 30 0.000940096 40 25