# Global and Hemisperic 1200 Year Volcanic Climate Forcing Estimates
#----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
#                World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
# NOTE: Please cite original reference when using these data,
# plus the Online Resource and date accessed.
#
# Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:14168
#
# Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/crowley2013pmip.txt
# 
# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Climate Forcing
#--------------------
# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2013-05-14
#--------------------
# Title
#	Study_Name: Global and Hemisperic 1200 Year Volcanic Climate Forcing Estimates 
#--------------------
# Investigators
#       Investigators: Crowley, T.J.; Unterman, M.B.
#--------------------
# Description_and_Notes
#	Description: Addition 5/14/2013 of inferred yearly global average aerosol optical depth (AOD) (at 550 nm) 
#       and effective aerosol radius (Reff) in um, in files divided into 36/year increments for four zonal segments,
#       as utilized by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) and the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP).
#       Included is a zipfile from the PMIP3 website (ici5_aod_reff_c.zip) containing the 8 AOD and REFF text files, 
#       plus the 8 text matrix files expanded from the zipfile (filenames ICI5_030N_AOD_c.txt, ICI5_030N_REFF_c.txt, 
#       ICI5_030S_AOD_c.txt, ICI5_030S_REFF_c.txt, ICI5_3090N_AOD_c.txt, ICI5_3090N_REFF_c.txt, ICI5_3090S_AOD_c.txt, 
#       ICI5_3090S_REFF_c.txt) and this descriptive information file.  
# 
#--------------------
# Publication 
#       Authors: T. J. Crowley and M. B. Unterman
#       Published_Date_or_Year:  2013-05-23      
#       Published_Title: Technical details concerning development of a 1200-yr proxy index for global volcanism
#       Journal_Name: Earth System Science Data 
#       Volume: 5
#       Pages: 187-197
#       DOI: 10.5194/essd-5-187-2013
#       Abstract: This report describes details of developing a volcano forcing reconstruction (Crowley et al., 2008) for climate models that is based primarily on sulphate records in Antarctic and Greenland ice cores. The chronology of eruptions is considered accurate to within 1 yr for the interval AD 1104-2000 and about 2 yr for AD 800-1103. The reconstruction involves (1) calibration against satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) estimates of the 1991 Pinatubo/Hudson eruptions; (2) partial validation against independent lunar estimates of AOD and global sulphate emissions; (3) partial assessment of uncertainties in AOD estimates; (4) assessment of possible tropical "false positives" in ice core reconstructions due to simultaneous occurrence of mid/high-latitude eruptions in each hemisphere; (5) identification of a new category of eruptions, termed "unipolar" tropical eruptions, in which the eruption plume penetrates mainly to polar regions in only the hemisphere of its eruption; (6) use of different growth curves for high- and low-latitude eruptions; (7) specification of 2/3 power shortwave scaling for eruptions larger than the 1991 Pinatubo eruption; (8) introduction of an estimate of effective particle size that affects lifetime and scattering properties of stratospheric aerosols; and (9) utilization of bimonthly-resolution electrical conductivity measurements to estimate the eruption date of the 1258/1259 eruption as 1257.7 +/- 0.2. The data, and a high-temporal resolution reconstruction for climate models, are available at: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:14168. 
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# Funding_Agency 
#       Funding_Agency_Name: 
#       Grant: 
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# Site_Information 
#       Site_Name: Global
#       Location: Geographic Region>Global
#	Country: 
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 90.0
# 	Southernmost_Latitude: -90.0
# 	Easternmost_Longitude: 180.0
# 	Westernmost_Longitude: -180.0
# 	Elevation:   
#------------------
# Data_Collection   
#	Collection_Name: Crowley2013AOD-Reff
#	Earliest_Year: 800
#	Most_Recent_Year: 2000
#	Time_Unit: AD
#	Core_Length: 
#	Notes: 
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# Chronology: 
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# 
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# Variables 
# End Description/Documentation (lines begin with #)
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: material, error, units, anomaly, period, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) 
# Data line format: tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
No data in this information file - please see PMIP zipfile ici5_aod_reff_c.zip or its component text data files ICI5_030N_AOD_c.txt, ICI5_030N_REFF_c.txt, ICI5_030S_AOD_c.txt, ICI5_030S_REFF_c.txt, ICI5_3090N_AOD_c.txt, ICI5_3090N_REFF_c.txt, ICI5_3090S_AOD_c.txt, and ICI5_3090S_REFF_c.txt.