Amazon Fan ODP942 37KYr Tetraether Lipids Data and Temperature Reconstructions ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Amazon Fan ODP942 37KYr Tetraether Lipids Data and Temperature Reconstructions LAST UPDATE: 4/2011 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Bendle, J.A., J.W.H. Weijers, M.A. Maslin, J.S. Sinninghe Damsté, S. Schouten, E.C. Hopmans, C.S. Boot, and R.D. Pancost. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2011-045 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Bendle, J.A., et al. 2011. Amazon Fan ODP942 37KYr Tetraether Lipids Data and Temperature Reconstructions. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2011-045. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Bendle, J.A., J.W.H. Weijers, M.A. Maslin, J.S. Sinninghe Damsté, S. Schouten, E.C. Hopmans, C.S. Boot, and R.D. Pancost. 2010. Major changes in glacial and Holocene terrestrial temperatures and sources of organic carbon recorded in the Amazon fan by tetraether lipids. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 11 , Q12007, doi:10.1029/2010GC003308. ABSTRACT: The Amazon basin is a major component of the global carbon and hydrological cycles, a significant natural source of methane, and home to remarkable biodiversity and endemism. Reconstructing past climate changes in the Amazon basin is important for a better understanding of the effect of such changes on these critical functions of the basin. Using a novel biomarker proxy, based on the membrane lipids of soil bacteria with a new regional calibration, we present a reconstruction of changes in mean annual air temperatures for the Amazon catchment during the last 37 kyr B.P. Biomarkers were extracted from Ocean Drilling Program sediment core ODP942 recovered from the Amazon fan. The Amazon fan is a major depository for terrestrial sediments, with the advantage that the terrestrial material captured reflects a regional integration of the whole river catchment. The reconstructed tropical Amazonian temperatures were ~5°C cooler at the Last Glacial Maximum (~21°C) compared to modern values (~26°C). This is in agreement with previous estimates of tropical continental temperatures in the tropical Amazon basin and tropical Africa during the Last Glacial Maximum. Moreover, we also illustrate how the soil bacterial membrane lipid record reveals major changes in basin dynamics and sediment provenance during the glacial-Holocene transition, impacting the biomarker reconstructions from ~11 kyr onward. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES: Ettwein, V. 2005. Reconstruction of the effective moisture history of the Amazon basin for the last 40 kyr from ODP Site 942 on the Amazon fan. Ph.D. thesis, Dep. of Geogr., Univ. Coll. London, London. Weijers, J.W.H., S. Schouten, J.C. van den Donker, E.C. Hopmans, and J.S. Sinninghe Damsté. 2007. Environmental controls on bacterial tetraether membrane lipid distribution in soils. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 71, 703-713, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2006.10.003. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Western Tropical Atlantic and Amazon Basin PERIOD OF RECORD: 37 KYrBP - present FUNDING SOURCE: UK Natural Environmental Research Council (NERC)grant NE/C508934/1 DESCRIPTION: Tetraether Lipids biomarker data (Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers, GDGTs) and Amazon Basin temperature reconstructions from a western tropical Atlantic (Amazon Fan) sediment core for the past 37,000 years. Data includes depths and age model calculations for the sediment samples from ODP site 942; LC-MS data-file IDs; integrations of peak responses for GDGT biomarkers for all m/z; GDGT indices; reconstructed temperatures and pHs; organic matter end-member calculations. Core ODP942: 5°45'N, 49°6'W, 3346m water depth. DATA: Data Supplement for Bendle et al. 2010 Core ODP 942 Integrations of peak responses for GDGT biomarkers for all mass-to-charge ratios (m/z), GDGT indices, and reconstructed temperatures and pHs. Column 1: ODP 942 Sample Name Column 11: m/z 1034 Column 21: Amazon Regional Calibration MAAT Column 2: Depth (MBSF) mid-point Column 12: m/z 1032 Column 22: Amazon Regional Calibration pH Column 3: Age (Year BP)(Ettwein 2005) Column 13: m/z 1022 Column 23: Mixing model percentage input for Andean End-member Column 4: NIOZ LC-MS data-file ID Column 14: m/z 1020 Column 24: Andean Endmember Model Temperature Column 5: m/z 1292 Column 15: m/z 1018 Column 25: E. Amazon Endmember Model Temperature Column 6: m/z 1292' Column 16: Full Branched versus Isoprenoid Tetraether (BIT) index Column 7: m/z 1050 Column 17: Full Methylation index of Branched GDGTs (MBT) Column 8: m/z 1048 Column 18: Cyclization ratio of Branched GDGTs (CBT) Column 9: m/z 1046 Column 19: Weijers Global Calibration mean annual air temperature (MAAT) Column 10: m/z 1036 Column 20: Weijers Global Calibration pH Sample Name DepthMBSF AgeBP Data-file m/z1292 m/z1292' m/z1050 m/z1048 m/z1046 m/z1036 m/z1034 m/z1032 m/z1022 m/z1020 m/z 1018 Full Full WeijersGlobalCalib. AmazonRegionalCalib. %OMAndean E.AndeanT. E.AmazonT. Area BIT-Index MBT CBT MAAT pH MAAT pH C1H1A 6.5-8 0.1 619 K0606228.D 1290000 89000 66100 6190 1970 72800 27400 8170 378000 30100 10500 0.32 0.7 0.89 20.05 6.33 17.39 5.77 56.84 11 25.8 B1H1A 23.5-25 0.2 1514 K0606299.D 1020000 88900 45200 4240 37600 16100 5480 172000 15200 4830 0.23 0.64 0.83 17.85 6.5 15.31 5.89 70.85 11 25.8 B1H1A 26.5-30 0.3 1914 K0606307.D 840000 70500 53300 4180 36700 10700 2780 156000 13200 4850 0.25 0.62 0.91 16.08 6.3 14.21 5.75 78.3 11 25.8 C1H1A 22-23.5 0.2 2074 K0606251.D 896000 65100 63200 3800 42100 7510 1500 175000 12900 4560 0.26 0.62 1.03 15.06 5.98 13.89 5.54 80.49 11 25.8 C1H1A 27-28.5 0.3 2619 K0606235.D 1300000 106000 93300 4480 67100 15500 3820 287000 21400 8000 0.28 0.63 0.98 16.08 6.1 14.53 5.62 76.16 11 25.8 B1H1A 40-41.5 0.4 3436 K0607201.D 2190000 167022 273000 11500 2070 251000 37900 7430 1070000 76400 26100 0.44 0.67 1.06 17.11 5.89 15.7 5.48 68.26 11 25.8 C1H1A 32-33.5 0.3 3120 K0606291.D 598000 48400 71900 2860 50400 8290 1550 250000 13700 5190 0.4 0.67 1.14 16.33 5.7 15.37 5.35 70.48 11 25.8 C1H1A 37.5-39 0.4 3903 K0606241.D 753000 57100 78500 5040 45600 7100 1270 203000 11900 4470 0.32 0.61 1.12 13.99 5.75 13.39 5.39 83.86 11 25.8 B1H1A 50-51.5 0.5 5157 K0606293.D 359000 34900 39900 2310 26900 4700 1050 101000 6910 2590 0.34 0.6 1.04 13.76 5.94 12.89 5.52 87.2 11 25.8 C1H1A 47.5-49 0.5 5543 K0606229.D 619000 50500 63600 3720 38600 7890 1230 175000 9760 3570 0.33 0.62 1.08 14.6 5.84 13.74 5.45 81.45 11 25.8 C1H1A 52-53.5 0.5 6337 K0606225.D 487000 36600 59600 6400 25300 5360 103000 5860 1980 0.3 0.53 1.06 10.56 5.9 10.36 5.49 104.31 11 25.8 B1H1A 70-71.5 0.7 8668 K0607199.D 600000 43466 90800 5870 54900 7800 1470 219000 11600 3980 0.4 0.59 1.15 12.63 5.66 12.42 5.33 90.4 11 25.8 C1H1A 67-68.5 0.7 9519 KD607195.D 60600 4830 25200 1210 12700 2070 67400 3280 1020 0.65 0.64 1.18 14.46 5.6 14.01 5.29 79.63 11 25.8 B1H1A 82-83.5 0.8 10347 K0606250.D 1150000 86200 59800 3510 66600 10800 2810 315000 21100 7290 0.3 0.71 1.08 18.81 5.85 17.14 5.45 54.38 10.05 25.59 C1H1A 77.5-79 0.8 10908 K0606236.D 3340000 266000 111000 6990 1950 122000 23300 6880 622000 41700 14100 0.22 0.71 1.06 19.39 5.9 17.53 5.49 48.45 9.32 25.26 C1H1A 82-83.5 0.8 11153 K0606230.D 4790000 409000 120000 13100 3960 177000 47200 15300 1010000 74800 24000 0.24 0.75 0.99 21.67 6.08 19.09 5.61 37.38 9 25.11 B1H1A 95-96.5 1 11328 K0606218.D 1130000 51500 3150 98900 23400 8800 793000 129000 19700 0.5 0.84 0.77 28.07 6.66 23.37 5.99 10.07 8.77 25 B1H1 103-104.5 1 11573 K0706186.D 41000000 376000 44500 17600 1250000 313000 83500 5560000 571000 192000 0.17 0.75 0.89 22.87 6.35 19.65 5.78 31.77 8.46 24.86 B1H1A 110-111.5 1.1 11779 K0606239.D 3870000 328000 102000 11600 5280 260000 65300 18000 1600000 150000 45500 0.37 0.8 0.94 24.55 6.22 21.21 5.7 21.29 8.19 24.73 B1H1A 148.5-150 1.5 12503 K0606238.D 5830000 444000 265000 25600 10300 925000 191000 43600 4720000 559000 175000 0.54 0.79 0.88 24.78 6.37 21.15 5.8 18.47 7.25 24.3 B1H2A 70-71.5 2.2 12978 K0606237.D 1020000 51600 87800 7450 3280 344000 62600 13800 1950000 201000 62600 0.73 0.81 0.94 25.25 6.21 21.79 5.69 12.78 6.63 24.01 B1H2A 120-121.5 2.7 13236 K0706198 775000 45500 4400 1120 230000 37300 7530 1240000 123000 37800 0.69 0.81 0.96 25.09 6.15 21.76 5.65 11.92 6.29 23.86 B1H3 55-56.9 3.6 13342 K0706194 22200000 737000 59700 29600 3830000 722000 137000 17500000 1880000 590000 0.53 0.78 0.91 24.18 6.28 20.82 5.74 16.88 6.16 23.8 B1H3 116-117.5 4.2 13958 K0706190 17200000 876000 87700 40000 5620000 1050000 206000 29200000 2980000 928000 0.7 0.81 0.94 25.16 6.22 21.71 5.7 9.5 5.35 23.43 B1H4 31-32.5 4.8 13974 K0706188 13600000 741000 50000 28500 3540000 629000 133000 20400000 1760000 557000 0.67 0.82 1 24.97 6.05 21.83 5.59 8.79 5.33 23.42 B1H4A 95-96.5 5.5 15475 K0606253.D 4090000 336000 197000 16800 7060 557000 91100 20400 3680000 194000 61200 0.54 0.82 1.17 23.38 5.6 21.24 5.29 6.64 3.38 22.51 B1H4 126-127.5 5.8 16574 K0706196 25300000 1400000 106000 48300 7170000 964000 207000 37200000 2130000 708000 0.66 0.8 1.16 22.84 5.65 20.74 5.32 5.6 1.95 21.86 B1H4A 145-146.5 6 17141 K0606216.D 103400 9480 4140 250000 38300 9270 1800000 78200 25000 0.82 1.25 22.97 5.41 21.22 5.16 1.44 1 21.52 B1H5A 30-31.5 6.3 18244 K0606249.D 838000 63400 57400 5320 2230 194000 30100 7590 1600000 69400 22100 0.7 0.85 1.26 24.34 5.39 22.37 5.15 -6.85 1 21 B1H5A 80-81.5 6.8 19874 K0706200 797000 44000 5650 2410 154000 23900 6260 979000 45200 14300 0.62 0.81 1.21 22.94 5.49 21.06 5.22 -0.32 1 21 B1H5A 120-121.5 7.2 21117 K0606227.D 574000 37500 47500 4890 1930 129000 20400 4920 852000 40000 12400 0.66 0.81 1.21 22.87 5.5 20.99 5.22 0.04 1 21 B2H1A (B) 32-33 7.8 23357 K0606244.D 478000 27700 3790 1550 78900 15100 3920 482000 28100 8840 0.58 0.8 1.11 23.07 5.76 20.75 5.39 1.24 1 21 B2H1A 60-61.5 8.1 24445 K0606231.D 2120000 147000 177000 19000 7490 533000 104000 24600 3460000 212000 67900 0.68 0.81 1.1 23.85 5.79 21.34 5.41 -1.68 1 21 B2H1A 110-111.5 8.6 27079 K0606252.D 2720000 208000 174000 19400 9110 486000 94900 22100 2730000 90400 52300 0.57 0.78 1.24 21.05 5.43 19.63 5.17 6.83 1 21 B2H2A 10-11.5 9.1 28303 K0606220.D 2650000 175000 113000 15600 5370 344000 65700 15200 2090000 118000 37100 0.51 0.8 1.12 23.1 5.73 20.81 5.38 0.95 1 21 B2H2A 60-61.5 9.6 29724 K0606242.D 1410000 113000 178000 15700 7010 517000 99700 23400 2970000 216000 68200 0.74 0.79 1.04 23.53 5.94 20.83 5.51 0.84 1 21 B2H2A 110-111.5 10.1 31519 K0607203.D 339000 26546 39700 4280 1930 147000 26600 6300 1040000 65900 21100 0.8 0.83 1.11 24.82 5.77 22.15 5.4 -5.76 1 21 B2H2 136.5-138 10.4 32603 K0706182 22400000 1010000 123000 66300 3770000 773000 184000 19800000 1130000 382000 0.55 0.78 1.09 22.47 5.81 20.18 5.43 4.12 1 21 B2H3A 10-11.5 10.6 33550 K0606247.D 3770000 260000 177000 21400 10700 357000 75700 21300 2650000 132000 41900 0.48 0.81 1.16 23.2 5.63 21.05 5.31 -0.24 1 21 B2H3 36.5-38 10.9 34030 K0706192 44600000 1630000 266000 117000 6070000 1090000 282000 37700000 1630000 526000 0.53 0.81 1.21 22.7 5.52 20.83 5.23 0.83 1 21 B2H3A 60-61.5 11.1 34430 K0606245.D 1220000 100000 70200 8990 3790 173000 36200 11000 1180000 65900 22300 0.56 0.81 1.12 23.41 5.73 21.06 5.38 -0.32 1 21 B2H3A 110-111.5 11.6 35282 K0706204 465000 12200 1700 47600 9150 2100 349000 17100 5870 0.49 0.84 1.18 24.33 5.59 22.05 5.28 -5.25 1 21 B2H4A 10-11.5 12.1 36124 K0606219.D 977000 48700 70100 6800 3260 124000 27700 7830 972000 46300 14400 0.57 0.81 1.17 23.19 5.61 21.09 5.29 -0.44 1 21 B2H4A 60-61.5 12.6 36936 K0606224.D 2500000 145000 173000 20700 9320 344000 86900 25300 2580000 115000 44700 0.58 0.81 1.16 23.01 5.63 20.9 5.31 0.52 1 21