# Arctic Ocean 50KYr Ostracod Mg/Ca-Sr/Ca Intermediate Water Paleotemperatures #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), # and date accessed when using these downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/13668 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-ocean-13668.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Paleoceanography # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/wgzh-gy85 # # Science_Keywords: Arctic #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cronin2012/cronin2012mgca-ps1243.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Geochemistry Data from Core PS1243-1/2 # # Original_Source_URL: # Original_Source_Description: # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2012-12-19 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2022-11-02 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Arctic Ocean 50KYr Ostracod Mg/Ca-Sr/Ca Intermediate Water Paleotemperatures #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Cronin, T.M.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979); Dwyer, G.S.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4708-0047); Farmer, J.R.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5200-6429); Bauch, H.A.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4599-6916); Spielhagen, R.F.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9740-667X); Jakobsson, M.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9033-3559); Nilsson, J.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9591-124X); Briggs, W.M.; Stepanova, A.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5927-6536) #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Quaternary Arctic Ocean Ostracode Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios and Paleotemperature estimates #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: T.M. Cronin, G.S. Dwyer, J. Farmer, H.A. Bauch, R.F. Spielhagen, M. Jakobsson, J. Nilsson, W.M. Briggs Jr and A. Stepanova # Journal_Name: Nature Geoscience # Published_Title: Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle # Published_Date_or_Year: 2012 # Volume: 5 # Pages: 631-634 # Issue: 9 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1557 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: In the Arctic Ocean, the cold and relatively fresh water beneath the sea ice is separated from the underlying warmer and saltier Atlantic Layer by a halocline. Ongoing sea ice loss and warming in the Arctic Ocean have demonstrated the instability of the halocline, with implications for further sea ice loss. The stability of the halocline through past climate variations is unclear. Here we estimate intermediate water temperatures over the past 50,000 years from the Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca values of ostracods from 31 Arctic sediment cores. From about 50 to 11 kyr ago, the central Arctic Basin from 1,000 to 2,500 m was occupied by a water mass we call Glacial Arctic Intermediate Water. This water mass was 1-2°C warmer than modern Arctic Intermediate Water, with temperatures peaking during or just before millennial-scale Heinrich cold events and the Younger Dryas cold interval. We use numerical modelling to show that the intermediate depth warming could result from the expected decrease in the flux of fresh water to the Arctic Ocean during glacial conditions, which would cause the halocline to deepen and push the warm Atlantic Layer into intermediate depths. Although not modelled, the reduced formation of cold, deep waters due to the exposure of the Arctic continental shelf could also contribute to the intermediate depth warming. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant_Number: OPP-9400,255 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US Geological Survey # Grant_Number: Global Change Program #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation # Grant_Number: #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Academy of Sciences, Humanities, and Literature Mainz # Grant_Number: Akademienprogramm #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: PS1243-1/2 # Location: Arctic Ocean # Northernmost_Latitude: 69.38 # Southernmost_Latitude: 69.38 # Easternmost_Longitude: -6.53 # Westernmost_Longitude: -6.53 # Elevation: -2710 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: PS1243-1/2 # First_Year: 50000 # Last_Year: 0 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Parameter_Keywords: reconstruction # Notes: #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # # #------------------ # Variables # # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # variables format: shortname what,material,error,units,seasonality,data_type,detail,method, C(har) or N(umeric) data,additional information # ## age_calkaBP-1243 age,,,calendar kiloyear before present,,paleoceanography,,,N,PS1243 Age ## species-1243 notes,,,,,paleoceanography,,,C,PS1243- Krithe Species glac= K. glacialis min= K. minima ## Mg/Cacarb-corr-1243 magnesium/calcium,ostracod,,millimole per mole,,paleoceanography,,,N,PS1243-MgGlac&Min-Corr for Krithe minima corrected for species effect (0.77 x original Mg/Ca ratio) ## Mg/Cacarb-3pt-1243 magnesium/calcium,ostracod,,millimole per mole,,paleoceanography,smoothed,,N,PS1243-3-PtSmooth #-------------------- # Data: # Missing_Values: age_calkaBP-1243 species-1243 Mg/Cacarb-corr-1243 Mg/Cacarb-3pt-1243 4.50 min 7.99 5.95 min 6.99 7.04 6.35 min 6.15 6.94 7.30 min 7.67 7.16 7.66 min 7.65 7.53 8.52 min 7.27 7.51 10.60 min 7.61 7.47 10.96 min 7.55 8.11 13.77 min 9.18 8.98 17.40 min 10.21 10.27 18.07 glac 11.43 10.70 18.07 min 10.47 10.58 18.66 glac 9.84 10.13 19.29 min 10.07 10.61 19.85 glac 11.93 11.04 19.85 min 11.11 12.72 20.47 glac 15.12 12.81 20.47 min 12.19 13.01 21.53 min 11.73 11.49 22.04 min 10.56 13.29 22.54 min 17.58 12.69 23.05 min 9.92 13.17 23.52 min 12.01 10.50 23.98 min 9.57 10.88 24.45 glac 11.05 11.72 24.45 min 14.55 12.50 24.95 glac 11.92 12.95 24.95 min 12.39 11.78 25.46 glac 11.03 11.62 25.96 glac 11.45 11.37 25.96 min 11.62 12.04 26.46 glac 13.04 12.55 26.96 glac 12.99 13.92 26.96 min 15.73 13.50 27.95 min 11.77 13.33 29.12 min 12.48 12.50 29.51 glac 13.24 12.35 29.90 glac 11.33 11.62 30.97 glac 10.27 10.99 31.50 glac 11.36 11.72 33.11 glac 13.52 11.84 33.64 glac 10.63 11.84 34.18 glac 11.36 11.23 39.52 min 11.71 12.34 40.05 glac 13.95 12.69 40.05 min 12.41 12.96 40.05 min 12.53 12.25 40.59 glac 11.81 12.45 41.12 min 13.00 11.77 41.66 glac 10.51 11.49 41.66 glac 10.95 11.01 41.66 min 11.56 11.50 41.66 min 11.98 11.96 42.19 glac 12.35 12.18 42.19 glac 12.22 11.79 42.19 min 10.82 11.06 42.19 min 10.14 11.43 42.73 min 13.33 12.05 43.26 min 12.68 13.29 44.33 glac 13.86 11.82 44.33 min 8.91 11.60 44.86 min 12.04 11.99 45.40 min 15.03 13.37 45.93 glac 13.03 12.79 46.46 glac 10.32 11.89 46.99 min 12.31 10.88 49.12 min 10.01 11.64 50.18 glac 12.61 11.25 65.73 glac 11.13 12.19 70.12 min 12.83