Subarctic Pacific 500 KYr Nitrogen Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Subarctic Pacific 500 KYr Nitrogen Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 12/2009 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Galbraith, E.D., M. Kienast, S.L. Jaccard, T.F. Pedersen, B.G. Brunelle, D.M. Sigman, and T. Kiefer IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2009-147 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Galbraith, E. D., et al. 2009. Subarctic Pacific 500 KYr Nitrogen Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2009-147. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Galbraith, E.D., M. Kienast, S.L. Jaccard, T.F. Pedersen, B.G. Brunelle, D. M. Sigman, and T. Kiefer. 2008. Consistent relationship between global climate and surface nitrate utilization in the western subarctic Pacific throughout the last 500 ka. Paleoceanography, 23, PA2212, doi:10.1029/2007PA001518. ABSTRACT: The open subarctic Pacific is, at present, a high nitrate low chlorophyll (HNLC) region, where nitrate is perennially abundant at the surface. Theoretically, the HNLC status of this region is subject to modification by ocean circulation and/or micronutrient supply, with implications for the effectiveness of the biological pump and hence carbon sequestration in the ocean interior. Records of biogenic detritus in sediments from throughout the subarctic Pacific indicate that export production was generally lower during glacial maxima, while nitrogen isotope measurements from the Bering Sea have shown that nitrate consumption there was more complete during the last glacial period than it is today. Here, nitrogen isotopic analyses of bulk sediments (d15Nbulk) from three deep water sites in the open subarctic Pacific are evaluated in terms of regional nitrate isotopic composition and local relative nitrate utilization. The eastern subarctic Pacific d15Nbulk record bears great similarity to d15Nbulk records from the western margin of North America over the last glacial cycle, suggesting that variability in the isotopic composition of subeuphotic zone nitrate, the growth substrate, is reasonably coherent throughout the northeast Pacific and dominates at these sites. However, the two western subarctic Pacific records, which lie at the heart of the HNLC region, display a different pattern, implying that significant changes in local relative nitrate utilization overlie the regional background variability. After a novel correction intended to remove the background signal associated with denitrification in the eastern tropical North Pacific, these nitrate utilization records are correlated with a benthic oxygen isotope stack reflecting global deep ocean temperature and ice volume (r2 = 0.65). The correlation implies a strong link between global climate and subarctic Pacific nitrate utilization, with nearly complete nitrate consumption during glacial periods when export production was low. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Subarctic Pacific PERIOD OF RECORD: 500 KYrBP - present FUNDING SOURCES: Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canadian Institute For Advanced Research, Swiss National Science Foundation, US National Science Foundation grants OCE-0136449 and ANT-0453680, BP and Ford Motor Company through the Princeton Carbon Mitigation Initiative, and by a NDSEG fellowship to B.G.B. DESCRIPTION: Binned nitrogen isotope data from bulk sediments at 3 core sites in the subarctic Pacific. Also, the difference between the two western subarctic Pacific records and a reference record (ODP1012) from the eastern tropical north Pacific. The d15N data was measured on bulk samples, dried and powdered. Age models were generated as described in the primary reference: ODP 887, by benthic d18O; ODP 882, by correlation of Ba/Al to EDC dD; MD2416 by correlation of CaCO3 to ODP 882. All d15N data was then interpolated to 1ky bins. Note there is a small discrepancy between the 'Differenced records' values here, compared to the published differenced records, due to a prior spreadsheet error. Core locations: ODP887: 54.37°N, 148.45°W, 3647 m water depth ODP882: 50.35°N, 167.58°E, 3244 m water depth MD2416: 51.27°N, 167.73°E, 2317 m water depth ODP1012: 32.28°N, 118.40°W, 1772 m water depth DATA: Galbraith et al. 2008 subarctic Pacific nitrogen isotope data The measured subarctic d15N (per mil) is presented in columns 2, 3 and 4. The MD01-2416 and ODP 882 data are smoothed (9-pt running average) in column 5. The reference curve for low-latitude d15N (ODP1012, Liu et al. 2008) is in column 6. The differenced records (with 0.6*reference curve removed), normalized, are in columns 7 and 8. Note there is a small discrepancy between the 'Differenced records' values here, compared to the published differenced records, due to a prior spreadsheet error. Original d15N data Smoothed data Reference data Differenced records AgeKYrBP MD2416 ODP 882 ODP 887 MD2416 ODP 882 ODP 1012 MD2416 ODP882 1 6.9445 2 6.86311 3 6.906953 4 6.649044 5 6.818554 6 5.940924 7.1749 6.269317 7 6.286172 7.409777 6.377017 1.77407 8 6.370058 7.314644 6.462372 1.618078 0.094216 9 6.396526 7.416167 7.221105 6.534494 7.211656 1.514512 0.228477 0.908042 10 6.352903 7.261043 6.636983 6.583057 7.213047 1.353505 0.373645 1.006038 11 6.915518 7.104344 6.784991 6.688967 7.16777 1.134758 0.610803 1.092009 12 6.974502 7.020926 7.494244 6.708674 7.082146 0.9519802 0.740177 1.116052 13 7.039345 7.2558 7.433196 6.702875 7.018483 0.5359802 0.983977 1.301989 14 6.971564 7.22 7.295746 6.750468 6.941022 0.07820241 1.306237 1.499194 15 6.894113 6.896109 6.124576 6.868152 6.911215 -0.3255013 1.666143 1.711610 16 6.46354 6.482778 5.354949 6.943585 6.906345 -0.65816 1.941171 1.906335 17 6.317862 6.509183 5.938799 6.990252 6.91314 -0.94816 2.161838 2.087130 18 6.824862 6.719016 6.419975 6.971439 6.893405 -1.213345 2.302137 2.226506 19 7.412062 6.992779 6.379188 6.973038 6.875681 -1.307049 2.359958 2.265004 20 7.594415 7.060512 6.131487 6.972174 6.888738 -1.303456 2.356938 2.275905 21 7.394505 7.082081 6.25898 7.045362 6.937118 -1.211961 2.375229 2.269388 22 6.87003 7.078187 5.455289 7.12554 6.970148 -1.053262 2.360188 2.207199 23 6.985953 7.060485 4.996334 7.116956 6.967381 -0.9005271 2.259962 2.112791 24 6.886336 7.013617 5.078272 7.054436 6.924963 -0.6996724 2.076930 1.949861 25 7.122231 6.918202 5.27673 6.95208 6.871624 -0.5199929 1.866767 1.788714 26 7.039466 6.806452 5.498002 6.886418 6.812641 -0.2992787 1.668675 1.597302 27 6.747601 6.694114 5.296725 6.938558 6.753123 -0.09229861 1.596627 1.413596 28 6.849389 6.611019 4.879922 6.965525 6.69602 0.04291507 1.542466 1.275365 29 6.673212 6.580459 4.809676 6.979152 6.644571 0.1604865 1.485551 1.153373 30 6.803539 6.551233 4.677457 6.956221 6.60417 0.2130506 1.431082 1.081434 31 7.339291 6.542529 5.040454 6.953852 6.576634 0.1960665 1.438902 1.064088 32 7.22866 6.546552 5.354206 6.955054 6.562026 0.1876171 1.445174 1.054549 33 7.00898 6.550575 5.04202 6.941457 6.557098 0.1651385 1.445064 1.063109 34 6.915855 6.554598 5.024773 6.953184 6.560211 0.1587283 1.460638 1.070068 35 7.01814 6.558622 5.136784 7.00737 6.584622 0.1651507 1.510970 1.090625 36 6.75842 6.562645 5.042607 6.984051 6.617634 0.1817319 1.477703 1.113689 37 6.727013 6.566668 5.534235 6.938178 6.638941 0.1730994 1.437009 1.140175 38 6.77876 6.608473 5.224323 6.918406 6.648258 0.1358772 1.439570 1.171826 39 7.291213 6.770935 5.023906 6.918488 6.648813 0.09876184 1.461922 1.194650 40 7.129422 6.839642 5.418965 6.871087 6.64415 0.1562574 1.380023 1.155489 41 6.815798 6.73831 5.245086 6.823854 6.634271 0.2008606 1.306028 1.118848 42 6.831036 6.634432 5.500728 6.818516 6.619178 0.2764239 1.255352 1.058417 43 6.916593 6.559588 5.445519 6.831617 6.603366 0.3864628 1.202430 0.976582 44 6.591528 6.516652 5.803119 6.816018 6.581619 0.4705887 1.136355 0.904360 45 6.333325 6.473734 5.425423 6.813021 6.564356 0.5028299 1.114014 0.867752 46 6.678971 6.430833 5.494113 6.744671 6.564879 0.5178042 1.036679 0.859290 47 6.896672 6.466163 5.171454 6.716431 6.57763 0.5591217 0.983648 0.847251 48 7.150815 6.575218 5.505112 6.728784 6.599384 0.6434518 0.945404 0.818407 49 7.102452 6.684273 5.809375 6.740376 6.626594 0.6785425 0.935941 0.824563 50 6.200645 6.743014 5.748925 6.719835 6.65926 0.6651082 0.923461 0.865289 51 6.576877 6.749196 5.647425 6.692446 6.697378 0.5468254 0.967041 0.974377 52 7.027775 6.755371 5.498893 6.651786 6.731228 0.3421789 1.049169 1.131014 53 6.695854 6.761547 5.330346 6.603657 6.746729 0.1402597 1.122192 1.267667 54 6.148457 6.767723 4.799558 6.59626 6.742947 -0.04718298 1.227260 1.376351 55 6.432465 6.773898 4.82543 6.656651 6.725472 -0.2519131 1.410489 1.481714 56 6.530734 6.770811 4.923758 6.677681 6.700144 -0.4328121 1.540059 1.564925 57 6.717655 6.71473 5.08946 6.669387 6.666964 -0.6978745 1.690802 1.690782 58 7.035874 6.650234 4.957851 6.657851 6.625779 -0.9855216 1.851854 1.822186 59 6.744169 6.585739 4.421486 6.683702 6.568647 -1.210976 2.012978 1.900326 60 6.766149 6.521243 4.030487 6.617624 6.49107 -1.312929 2.008072 1.883921 61 6.953128 6.456747 3.939014 6.515432 6.394079 -1.344646 1.924910 1.805960 62 6.592024 6.39089 4.060181 6.406637 6.283561 -1.3723 1.832708 1.712035 63 6.381122 6.253528 4.062057 6.248982 6.171086 -1.336586 1.653624 1.578132 64 5.837759 6.075709 3.997589 6.093119 6.073228 -1.310536 1.482130 1.464643 65 5.611008 5.89789 3.723438 5.922223 5.990181 -1.292672 1.300517 1.370878 66 5.738501 5.72007 3.370461 5.741428 5.921945 -1.181345 1.052926 1.235845 67 5.61698 5.63796 3.263557 5.573744 5.868222 -1.016721 0.786467 1.083348 68 5.341396 5.705016 3.213013 5.402161 5.825472 -0.8406094 0.509217 0.934931 69 5.22809 5.773819 3.055183 5.337082 5.793161 -0.7129242 0.367527 0.826009 70 5.325975 5.842621 3.052155 5.294763 5.771289 -0.5508131 0.227941 0.706870 71 5.082862 5.907385 3.289064 5.220014 5.760268 -0.3786133 0.049873 0.592530 72 4.836875 5.868777 3.40437 5.150991 5.766629 -0.2469467 -0.098151 0.519890 73 5.252047 5.784909 3.653515 5.149845 5.782831 -0.0717515 -0.204414 0.430976 74 5.23014 5.701041 3.808742 5.20946 5.808681 0.108926 -0.253205 0.348420 75 5.065765 5.620883 3.894779 5.246236 5.842495 0.283377 -0.321100 0.277563 76 4.995766 5.695207 3.981753 5.359761 5.867981 0.3834191 -0.267600 0.243023 77 5.331083 5.850839 3.923121 5.456146 5.892327 0.4212474 -0.193912 0.244672 78 5.764624 6.006471 3.792342 5.486183 5.920562 0.4232503 -0.165077 0.271706 79 5.656961 6.146947 3.678205 5.531103 5.952831 0.3407883 -0.070679 0.353452 80 6.104589 6.136755 3.642595 5.605642 5.991107 0.2124223 0.080879 0.468748 81 5.704337 6.087892 3.716216 5.640424 6.019072 0.01899094 0.231720 0.612771 82 5.522383 6.039028 3.917015 5.622429 6.027692 -0.1511171 0.315790 0.723456 83 5.634422 5.991459 4.095018 5.582561 6.016966 -0.3130924 0.373107 0.809915 84 5.73661 5.965367 3.865129 5.541694 5.984072 -0.418972 0.395768 0.840549 85 5.308807 5.946891 3.59759 5.43862 5.940524 -0.5048148 0.344199 0.848507 86 5.16913 5.928416 3.608206 5.381926 5.890611 -0.5717171 0.327647 0.838736 87 5.405814 5.90994 3.522174 5.342927 5.834335 -0.58622 0.297349 0.791161 88 5.289155 5.8509 3.457607 5.281806 5.777362 -0.6105475 0.250825 0.748784 89 5.176921 5.744822 3.204628 5.228518 5.723 -0.5955149 0.188517 0.685403 90 5.19409 5.638681 3.216251 5.178595 5.670405 -0.5079724 0.086069 0.580282 91 5.171391 5.532541 4.061484 5.163018 5.619554 -0.4434909 0.031803 0.490743 92 5.084334 5.478696 5.167625 5.09386 5.568987 -0.3428242 -0.097755 0.379776 93 5.257016 5.476114 5.649895 5.05782 5.522314 -0.2817131 -0.170461 0.296436 94 4.859502 5.473532 5.73737 5.023696 5.484762 -0.1191267 -0.302137 0.161332 95 5.028937 5.470764 5.280449 4.982044 5.458465 0.03034416 -0.433472 0.045352 96 4.783393 5.454836 4.632592 4.921041 5.464999 0.1003442 -0.536475 0.009886 97 4.9648 5.430842 4.126251 4.879571 5.503954 0.2528003 -0.669419 -0.042633 98 4.869805 5.406849 4.306461 4.849569 5.553932 0.3103559 -0.733954 -0.027188 99 4.819214 5.402008 4.755661 4.873152 5.60524 0.3636257 -0.742333 -0.007842 100 4.622367 5.591346 4.997038 4.897669 5.66066 0.4318162 -0.758731 0.006664 101 4.711105 5.829292 5.194621 4.976277 5.724416 0.4768638 -0.707151 0.043391 102 4.987 5.925915 4.915921 5.039721 5.780339 0.4571416 -0.631873 0.111148 103 5.07175 5.935305 4.432457 5.139002 5.793239 0.3388103 -0.461594 0.195046 104 5.249583 5.969545 4.852209 5.254275 5.767369 0.1971171 -0.261305 0.254193 105 5.490867 6.028636 5.373735 5.365493 5.712916 0.1187838 -0.103087 0.246740 106 5.5358 5.934158 5.98581 5.463 5.627889 -0.02954952 0.083420 0.250713 107 5.763333 5.522941 6.27946 5.528861 5.527323 -0.04738285 0.159981 0.160847 108 5.856667 5.169185 5.739727 5.553917 5.450547 -0.04754158 0.185132 0.084165 109 5.623333 5.101269 5.282287 5.529157 5.393798 -0.03262095 0.151420 0.018464 110 5.588667 5.06405 5.707363 5.475533 5.322991 -0.04537227 0.105447 -0.044692 111 5.57975 5.02082 5.246796 5.391972 5.242459 0.01257217 -0.012881 -0.159990 112 5.29725 5.244314 4.793456 5.289852 5.216248 0.1489634 -0.196836 -0.268036 113 5.02675 5.458807 4.969151 5.143333 5.209295 0.3508153 -0.464465 -0.396100 114 5.00825 5.391372 5.162663 5.016519 5.207413 0.553355 -0.712804 -0.519506 115 4.78375 5.209373 4.986184 4.85 5.207607 0.7691698 -1.008811 -0.648801 116 4.84425 5.287042 4.992727 4.668583 5.211964 0.9761883 -1.314439 -0.768655 117 4.538 5.106611 5.043528 4.513159 5.195165 1.193539 -1.600274 -0.915864 118 4.482 5.08433 5.221008 4.380388 5.161454 1.400077 -1.856967 -1.073498 119 4.09 5.065796 5.452101 4.260178 5.142169 1.57589 -2.082666 -1.198271 120 3.947 5.060028 5.720043 4.149974 5.174428 1.704847 -2.270244 -1.243387 121 3.898429 5.093125 6.049805 4.036506 5.195629 1.784089 -2.431256 -1.269730 122 3.831817 5.155408 6.37074 4.086115 5.250231 1.780923 -2.379749 -1.213229 123 3.926353 5.217809 6.527073 4.162697 5.350239 1.710041 -2.260637 -1.070692 124 3.791914 5.499701 6.624634 4.302915 5.467423 1.587928 -2.047152 -0.880240 125 3.823046 5.477852 6.682803 4.55344 5.618035 1.329167 -1.641370 -0.574371 126 4.984475 5.598033 6.408868 4.829537 5.789729 0.99978 -1.167640 -0.205045 127 5.171241 5.984399 6.059811 5.110533 5.944083 0.6710199 -0.689388 0.146565 128 5.351956 6.120455 5.725932 5.396926 6.071205 0.4011326 -0.241063 0.435619 129 6.201726 6.415536 5.751673 5.77064 6.18367 0.1162764 0.303565 0.718998 130 6.383307 6.638371 5.929609 6.146574 6.307155 -0.1433109 0.835251 0.998235 131 6.360782 6.544592 6.108922 6.361223 6.423773 -0.3095901 1.149668 1.214621 132 6.503887 6.361904 6.299339 6.579261 6.508073 -0.4004141 1.422200 1.353415 133 7.155338 6.511889 6.492146 6.750168 6.648928 -0.4536462 1.625046 1.526209 134 7.206449 6.589216 6.37052 6.829054 6.772388 -0.416163 1.681442 1.627180 135 6.916321 6.647598 5.946704 6.905439 6.834666 -0.3555401 1.721453 1.653084 136 7.133585 6.743095 5.637388 7.014289 6.865797 -0.3258576 1.812494 1.666405 137 6.890115 7.38815 5.617629 7.109602 6.925039 -0.374429 1.936950 1.754791 138 6.911698 7.526676 5.611169 7.134885 6.963543 -0.3919903 1.972770 1.803831 139 7.070772 7.198874 5.567597 7.129033 6.973885 -0.4221954 1.985041 1.832296 140 7.340439 6.82477 5.504086 7.096315 6.958172 -0.4496197 1.968777 1.833038 141 7.361702 6.895085 5.428145 7.05305 6.926388 -0.4665641 1.935679 1.811420 142 7.382882 6.858418 5.097554 7.036252 6.868667 -0.4351655 1.900042 1.734861 143 7.153783 6.682299 4.666265 6.991546 6.774666 -0.3784063 1.821280 1.606804 144 6.621854 6.506179 4.333217 6.90026 6.703965 -0.3192144 1.694479 1.500587 145 6.744206 6.457038 4.305086 6.7114 6.679804 -0.2484207 1.463143 1.433950 146 6.738933 4.314457 6.50746 -0.1133413 1.178155 147 6.509338 4.445238 6.328707 0.02491263 0.916450 148 6.2492 4.603955 6.198343 0.1350369 0.720012 149 5.640704 4.796758 6.138759 0.1936834 0.625240 150 5.526239 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