Arabian Sea Holocene G. bulloides Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Arabian Sea Holocene G. bulloides Data LAST UPDATE: 6/2003 (Original Receipt by WDCA Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Gupta, A.K., D.M. Anderson, and J.T. Overpeck IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2003-041 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Gupta, A.K., et al., 2003, Arabian Sea Holocene G. bulloides Data, IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series #2003-041. NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Gupta, A.K., D.M. Anderson, and J.T. Overpeck, 2003. Abrupt changes in the Asian southwest monsoon during the Holocene and their links to the North Atlantic Ocean. Nature, 421:354-357. FUNDING SOURCES: US National Research Council, US National Science Foundation Earth System History Program GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Arabian Sea PERIOD OF RECORD: 10.8 KYrBP-present DESCRIPTION: Time series of G. bulloides percent in the Arabian Sea during the past 10,000 years, influenced by upwelling driven by the SW summer monsoon winds. Core 723A: 18.0516N, 57.6E, 808m. depth. FIRST PARAGRAPH: During the last ice age, the Indian Ocean southwest monsoon exhibited abrupt changes that were closely correlated with millennial-scale climate events in the North Atlantic region, suggesting a mechanistic link. In the Holocene epoch, which had a more stable climate, the amplitude of abrupt changes in North Atlantic climate was much smaller, and it has been unclear whether these changes are related to monsoon variability. Here we present a continuous record of centennial-scale monsoon variability throughout the Holocene from rapidly accumulating and minimally bioturbated sediments in the anoxic Arabian Sea. Our monsoon proxy record reveals several intervals of weak summer monsoon that coincide with cold periods documented in the North Atlantic region—including the most recent climate changes from the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age and then to the present. We therefore suggest that the link between North Atlantic climate and the Asian monsoon is a persistent aspect of global climate. DATA: 1. Radiocarbon sample data and calendar age model for core 723A Section/Depth Species mbsf C14age-years Cal_age-years s.d. Calibration Reference 1H-1, 16-17 cm mixed planktics 0.16 1680 1005 35 Stuiver and Reimer, 1993 1H-1, 39-40 cm G. bulloides & N. dutertrei 0.39 2010 1330 45 Stuiver and Reimer, 1993 1H-1, 64-65 cm G. bulloides & N. dutertrei 0.64 2760 2254 30 Stuiver and Reimer, 1993 1H-1, 96-97 cm G. bulloides & N. dutertrei 0.96 3890 3587 45 Stuiver and Reimer, 1993 1H-1, 121-122 cm G. bulloides 1.21 4670 4622 40 Stuiver and Reimer, 1993 1H-2, 4-5 cm G. bulloides 1.54 6000 6202 30 Stuiver and Reimer, 1993 1H-2, 4-5 cm G. bulloides 1.54 6070 6276 30 Stuiver and Reimer, 1993 1H-2, 36-37 cm G. bulloides 1.86 7700 7938 45 Stuiver and Reimer, 1993 1H-2, 68-69 cm G. bulloides 2.18 8110 8359 40 Stuiver and Reimer, 1993 1H-2, 124-125 cm G. bulloides 2.74 9510 9854 40 Stuiver and Reimer, 1993 1H-3, 16-17 cm G. bulloides 3.16 10500 10877 40 Stuiver and Reimer, 1993 2. Raw G. bulloides Percentage Data Depth cal.yrBP(1950AD) G. bulloides cm years percent 0 560 15 1 588 10 2 616 13 3 643 13 4 671 15 5 699 19 6 727 13 7 755 15 8 783 13 9 810 13 10 838 20 11 866 23 12 894 20 13 922 13 14 949 20 15 977 14 16 1005 12 17 1019 13 18 1033 9 19 1047 10 20 1062 11 21 1076 11 22 1090 14 23 1104 15 24 1118 16 28 1175 11 32 1231 13 36 1288 10 39 1330 10 44 1515 5 48 1663 9 52 1810 7 56 1958 8 58 2032 14 62 2180 9 64 2254 11 68 2421 9 72 2587 11 76 2754 8 79 2879 13 84 3087 14 88 3254 12 92 3420 7 96 3587 14 100 3753 13 104 3918 11 108 4084 15 112 4249 12 117 4456 10 121 4622 17 124 4766 16 128 4957 12 132 5149 19 136 5340 15 141 5580 15 144 5723 12 148 5915 12 150 6010 15 154 6202 17 158 6419 16 162 6636 18 166 6853 21 170 7070 17 174 7287 18 178 7504 21 182 7721 20 186 7938 23 190 8025 18 194 8112 19 198 8199 15 202 8286 21 206 8373 20 210 8461 24 214 8548 18 218 8635 25 222 8722 25 226 8809 29 230 8896 18 234 8983 15 238 9070 18 242 9157 19 246 9244 15 251 9353 20 254 9419 12 258 9506 14 262 9593 15 266 9680 18 271 9789 19 274 9854 27 278 9951 25 282 10049 27 286 10146 23 291 10268 21 294 10341 16 298 10439 12 302 10536 17 304 10585 16 308 10682 16 312 10780 15 316 10877 22 3. Detrended G. bulloides Data Years is calendar years before present (1950 AD) S_normalized is the July insolation from Berger 78, normalized by dividing by the standard deviation Bull_normalized is the G. bulloides counts for 723A, normalized by dividing by the standard deviation Detrended_G_bulloides is G. bulloides for 723A, detrended by subtracting the normalized record of July insolation from the normalized record of G. bulloides Years S_normalized Bull_normalized Dentrended_G_bulloides std-dev-units std-dev-units std-dev-units 1300 -1.12 -1.44 0.32 1400 -1.44 -1.42 -0.02 1500 -2.00 -1.40 -0.60 1600 -1.62 -1.38 -0.24 1700 -1.40 -1.36 -0.04 1800 -1.73 -1.33 -0.40 1900 -1.61 -1.31 -0.30 2000 -0.89 -1.28 0.39 2100 -0.84 -1.26 0.42 2200 -1.27 -1.23 -0.04 2300 -1.12 -1.21 0.09 2400 -1.35 -1.18 -0.17 2500 -1.21 -1.15 -0.06 2600 -1.05 -1.12 0.07 2700 -1.41 -1.09 -0.32 2800 -1.23 -1.06 -0.17 2900 -0.57 -1.03 0.46 3000 -0.50 -1.00 0.50 3100 -0.46 -0.96 0.50 3200 -0.69 -0.93 0.24 3300 -1.06 -0.90 -0.16 3400 -1.59 -0.86 -0.73 3500 -1.10 -0.83 -0.27 3600 -0.45 -0.80 0.35 3700 -0.51 -0.76 0.25 3800 -0.63 -0.72 0.09 3900 -0.83 -0.69 -0.14 4000 -0.52 -0.65 0.13 4100 -0.23 -0.61 0.38 4200 -0.61 -0.58 -0.03 4300 -0.89 -0.54 -0.35 4400 -1.06 -0.50 -0.56 4500 -0.81 -0.46 -0.35 4600 -0.02 -0.42 0.40 4700 0.03 -0.39 0.42 4800 -0.20 -0.35 0.15 4900 -0.59 -0.31 -0.28 5000 -0.50 -0.27 -0.22 5100 0.24 -0.23 0.47 5200 0.41 -0.19 0.60 5300 0.06 -0.15 0.21 5400 -0.13 -0.11 -0.02 5500 -0.19 -0.07 -0.12 5600 -0.30 -0.03 -0.27 5700 -0.59 0.00 -0.59 5800 -0.69 0.04 -0.73 5900 -0.72 0.08 -0.80 6000 -0.25 0.12 -0.37 6100 0.00 0.16 -0.16 6200 0.22 0.20 0.02 6300 0.14 0.24 -0.09 6400 0.07 0.27 -0.20 6500 0.18 0.31 -0.13 6600 0.34 0.35 -0.01 6700 0.56 0.38 0.18 6800 0.82 0.42 0.40 6900 0.81 0.45 0.36 7000 0.50 0.49 0.01 7100 0.29 0.52 -0.23 7200 0.35 0.56 -0.21 7300 0.43 0.59 -0.16 7400 0.70 0.62 0.08 7500 0.98 0.66 0.32 7600 0.91 0.69 0.22 7700 0.83 0.72 0.11 7800 0.99 0.75 0.24 7900 1.21 0.78 0.43 8000 0.72 0.80 -0.08 8100 0.60 0.83 -0.23 8200 -0.14 0.86 -1.00 8300 0.96 0.89 0.07 8400 0.95 0.91 0.04 8500 0.99 0.93 0.06 8600 1.24 0.96 0.28 8700 1.81 0.98 0.83 8800 2.40 1.00 1.40 8900 0.38 1.02 -0.64 9000 0.01 1.04 -1.03 9100 0.49 1.06 -0.57 9200 0.22 1.08 -0.86 9300 0.29 1.09 -0.80 9400 -0.31 1.11 -1.42 9500 -0.40 1.12 -1.52 9600 -0.19 1.13 -1.32 9700 0.48 1.15 -0.67 9800 0.87 1.16 -0.29 9900 1.94 1.17 0.77 10000 1.94 1.17 0.77 10100 1.75 1.18 0.57 10200 1.15 1.19 -0.04 10300 0.51 1.19 -0.68 10400 -0.45 1.20 -1.65 10500 -0.09 1.20 -1.29 10600 -0.02 1.20 -1.22 10700 -0.08 1.20 -1.28 10800 0.06 1.20 -1.14