# North Pacific Holocene Alkenone Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction
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#                World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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# Template Version 3.0
# Encoding: UTF-8
# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. 
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. 
#
# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24250 
#       Description: NOAA Landing Page
# Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/isono2009/isono2009.txt
#       Description: NOAA location of the template
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# Original_Source_URL:  
#       Description:
# 
# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Paleoceanography
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# Dataset DOI: 
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# Parameter_Keywords: biomarkers, sea surface temperature
#--------------------
# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2018-05-27
#--------------------
# File_Last_Modified_Date
#	Date: 2018-05-27
#--------------------
# Title
#	Study_Name: North Pacific Holocene Alkenone Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction
#--------------------
# Investigators
#	Investigators: Isono, D.; Yamamoto, M.; Irino, T.; Oba, T.; Murayama, M.; Nakamura, T.; Kawahata, H.
#--------------------
# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#	Description: Alkenone unsaturation index and sea surface temperature reconstruction for 3 co-located North Pacific sediment cores over the Holocene. 
#	Cores MD01-2421, KR02-06 St. A GC, and KR02-06 St. A MC, were collected at 36 deg 02'N, 141 deg 47'E, water depth of 2224m, off the coast of central Japan. 
#--------------------
# Publication 
#	Authors: Dai Isono, Masanobu Yamamoto, Tomohisa Irino, Tadamichi Oba, Masafumi Murayama, Toshio Nakamura, Hodaka Kawahata
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2009-07-01     
#	Published_Title: The 1500-year climate oscillation in the midlatitude North Pacific during the Holocene
#	Journal_Name: Geology
#	Volume: 37
#	Edition: 
#	Issue: 7
#	Pages: 591-594
#	Report_Number: 
#	DOI: 10.1130/G25667A.1
#	Online_Resource: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/37/7/591/30001/The-1500year-climate-oscillation-in-the
#	Full_Citation: 
#	Abstract: Suborbital climate variability during the last glacial period is suggested to have involved a 1500-year pacing cycle, but the expression and spatial distribution of the ~1500-year oscillation during interglacials remains unclear. We generated a multidecade resolution record of alkenone sea surface temperature (SST) in the northwestern Pacific off central Japan during the Holocene. The SST record showed centennial and millennial variability with an amplitude of ~1C throughout the entire Holocene. Spectral analysis for SST variation revealed a statistically significant peak with 1470-year periodicity. The SST variation partly correlated with the variations of ice-rafted hematite-stained grain content in North Atlantic sediments. These findings indicate that the mean latitude of the Kuroshio Extension has varied on a 1500-year cycle, and suggest that a climatic link exists between the North Pacific gyre system and the high-latitude North Atlantic thermohaline circulation. The regular pacing at 1500-year intervals seen throughout both the Holocene and the last glacial period suggests that the oscillation was a response to external forcing.
#------------------
# Funding_Agency 
#	Funding_Agency_Name: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
#	Grant: 16340158, 19204051 
#------------------
# Funding_Agency 
#	Funding_Agency_Name: Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology
#	Grant: Global Carbon and Related Mapping based on Satellite Imagery (GCMAPS) Program
#------------------
# Site_Information 
#	Site_Name: MD01-2421
#	Location: Ocean>Pacific Ocean>North Pacific Ocean
#	Country:  
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 36.02
# 	Southernmost_Latitude: 36.02
# 	Easternmost_Longitude: 141.78
# 	Westernmost_Longitude: 141.78
# 	Elevation: -2224
#------------------
# Data_Collection   
#	Collection_Name: Isono2009
#	Earliest_Year: 10970
#	Most_Recent_Year: -40
#	Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP
#	Core_Length: 
#	Notes: 
#------------------
# Chronology_Information
#	Chronology: 
# 	
# Table DR1. Radiocarbon ages of samples from Cores KR02-06 St.A MC1, GC, and MD01-2421
#
# Depth (m)	Conventional Age (yrBP)	1s(yr)	Calendar age (yrBP) 	Data Source
# KR02-06 St.A MC1
# 0.03	-21	22	NC	This study
# 0.27	959	22	544	This study
# KR02-06 St.A GC
# 0.07	211	22	NC	This study
# 0.50	1648	22	1213	This study
# 1.00	3076	24	2829	This study
# 1.50	4476	25	4659	This study
# 2.00	6211	26	6653	This study
# MD01-2421
# 5.06	5579	31	5950	This study
# 5.56	6309	33	6755	This study
# 6.06	7100	35	7570	Oba et al. (2006)
# 6.57	8025	35	8468	This study
# 7.07	8777	37	9286	This study
# 8.06	10780	70	12010	Oba et al. (2006)
# 
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# Variables 
#
# Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) 
#
## sample	Sample Name,,,,,,,,C,		
## depth_cm	depth, , , cm, , , sample midpoint depth, ,N,
## age_calkaBP	age, , , calendar kyears before present, , , , ,N,
## Uk'37	alkenone unsaturation index, sediment, , , ,paleoceanography,,,N,
## sst	sea surface temperature, , , degrees C, ,climate reconstructions,,,N,
#
#----------------
# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values:  
#
sample	depth_cm	age_calkaBP	Uk'37	sst
KR02-06 St.A MC	0.50	-0.04	0.635	17.51
KR02-06 St.A MC	1.50	-0.02	0.631	17.42
KR02-06 St.A MC	2.50	0.00	0.620	17.10
KR02-06 St.A MC	3.50	0.03	0.624	17.22
KR02-06 St.A MC	4.50	0.05	0.625	17.24
KR02-06 St.A MC	5.50	0.07	0.627	17.29
KR02-06 St.A MC	6.50	0.09	0.628	17.33
KR02-06 St.A MC	7.50	0.11	0.621	17.11
KR02-06 St.A MC	8.50	0.14	0.628	17.32
KR02-06 St.A MC	9.50	0.16	0.619	17.07
KR02-06 St.A MC	10.50	0.18	0.616	16.96
KR02-06 St.A MC	11.50	0.20	0.632	17.45
KR02-06 St.A MC	12.50	0.22	0.636	17.57
KR02-06 St.A MC	13.50	0.25	0.638	17.61
KR02-06 St.A MC	14.50	0.27	0.624	17.21
KR02-06 St.A MC	15.50	0.29	0.640	17.66
KR02-06 St.A MC	16.50	0.31	0.633	17.47
KR02-06 St.A MC	17.50	0.33	0.641	17.71
KR02-06 St.A MC	18.50	0.36	0.602	16.56
KR02-06 St.A MC	19.50	0.38	0.637	17.58
KR02-06 St.A MC	20.50	0.40	0.619	17.07
KR02-06 St.A MC	21.50	0.42	0.629	17.36
KR02-06 St.A MC	22.50	0.44	0.644	17.80
KR02-06 St.A MC	23.50	0.47	0.640	17.67
KR02-06 St.A MC	24.50	0.49	0.645	17.81
KR02-06 St.A MC	25.50	0.51	0.654	18.08
KR02-06 St.A MC	26.50	0.53	0.643	17.76
KR02-06 St.A MC	27.50	0.56	0.660	18.25
KR02-06 St.A MC	28.50	0.58	0.653	18.05
KR02-06 St.A MC	29.50	0.60	0.642	17.75
KR02-06 St.A GC	26.50	0.61	0.642	17.73
KR02-06 St.A GC	27.50	0.64	0.641	17.70
KR02-06 St.A GC	28.50	0.66	0.651	18.00
KR02-06 St.A GC	30.50	0.71	0.657	18.19
KR02-06 St.A GC	31.50	0.74	0.650	17.96
KR02-06 St.A GC	32.50	0.77	0.661	18.28
KR02-06 St.A GC	34.50	0.82	0.664	18.37
KR02-06 St.A GC	35.50	0.85	0.654	18.08
KR02-06 St.A GC	36.50	0.87	0.650	17.98
KR02-06 St.A GC	37.50	0.90	0.647	17.89
KR02-06 St.A GC	38.50	0.92	0.665	18.42
KR02-06 St.A GC	39.50	0.95	0.658	18.20
KR02-06 St.A GC	40.50	0.98	0.666	18.46
KR02-06 St.A GC	41.50	1.00	0.650	17.97
KR02-06 St.A GC	42.50	1.03	0.662	18.31
KR02-06 St.A GC	43.50	1.06	0.654	18.09
KR02-06 St.A GC	44.50	1.08	0.657	18.18
KR02-06 St.A GC	45.50	1.11	0.632	17.44
KR02-06 St.A GC	46.50	1.13	0.645	17.82
KR02-06 St.A GC	47.50	1.16	0.645	17.84
KR02-06 St.A GC	48.50	1.19	0.666	18.44
KR02-06 St.A GC	49.50	1.21	0.659	18.24
KR02-06 St.A GC	50.50	1.25	0.646	17.87
KR02-06 St.A GC	51.50	1.28	0.658	18.20
KR02-06 St.A GC	52.50	1.31	0.662	18.33
KR02-06 St.A GC	53.50	1.34	0.641	17.71
KR02-06 St.A GC	54.50	1.37	0.660	18.28
KR02-06 St.A GC	55.50	1.41	0.643	17.75
KR02-06 St.A GC	57.50	1.47	0.635	17.53
KR02-06 St.A GC	58.50	1.50	0.637	17.59
KR02-06 St.A GC	59.50	1.54	0.651	18.01
KR02-06 St.A GC	60.50	1.57	0.649	17.94
KR02-06 St.A GC	61.50	1.60	0.640	17.67
KR02-06 St.A GC	62.50	1.63	0.668	18.51
KR02-06 St.A GC	63.50	1.67	0.672	18.62
KR02-06 St.A GC	64.50	1.70	0.660	18.25
KR02-06 St.A GC	65.50	1.73	0.662	18.33
KR02-06 St.A GC	66.50	1.76	0.662	18.33
KR02-06 St.A GC	67.50	1.79	0.663	18.34
KR02-06 St.A GC	68.50	1.83	0.657	18.18
KR02-06 St.A GC	69.50	1.86	0.635	17.54
KR02-06 St.A GC	70.50	1.89	0.656	18.16
KR02-06 St.A GC	71.50	1.92	0.646	17.85
KR02-06 St.A GC	72.50	1.96	0.638	17.63
KR02-06 St.A GC	73.50	1.99	0.619	17.07
KR02-06 St.A GC	74.50	2.02	0.657	18.17
KR02-06 St.A GC	75.50	2.05	0.661	18.29
KR02-06 St.A GC	77.50	2.12	0.641	17.71
KR02-06 St.A GC	79.50	2.18	0.647	17.89
KR02-06 St.A GC	81.50	2.25	0.668	18.50
KR02-06 St.A GC	83.50	2.31	0.687	19.07
KR02-06 St.A GC	85.50	2.38	0.674	18.67
KR02-06 St.A GC	87.50	2.44	0.682	18.90
KR02-06 St.A GC	89.50	2.51	0.693	19.24
KR02-06 St.A GC	91.50	2.57	0.691	19.18
KR02-06 St.A GC	93.50	2.64	0.687	19.06
KR02-06 St.A GC	95.50	2.70	0.672	18.62
KR02-06 St.A GC	97.50	2.76	0.673	18.66
KR02-06 St.A GC	99.50	2.83	0.671	18.59
KR02-06 St.A GC	101.50	2.90	0.675	18.71
KR02-06 St.A GC	103.50	2.98	0.685	18.99
KR02-06 St.A GC	105.50	3.05	0.675	18.70
KR02-06 St.A GC	107.50	3.12	0.668	18.49
KR02-06 St.A GC	109.50	3.20	0.680	18.84
KR02-06 St.A GC	111.50	3.27	0.682	18.91
KR02-06 St.A GC	113.50	3.34	0.686	19.02
KR02-06 St.A GC	115.50	3.41	0.677	18.75
KR02-06 St.A GC	117.50	3.49	0.698	19.37
KR02-06 St.A GC	119.50	3.56	0.690	19.16
KR02-06 St.A GC	121.50	3.63	0.711	19.76
KR02-06 St.A GC	123.50	3.71	0.685	19.01
KR02-06 St.A GC	125.50	3.78	0.698	19.40
KR02-06 St.A GC	127.50	3.85	0.689	19.12
KR02-06 St.A GC	129.50	3.93	0.707	19.65
KR02-06 St.A GC	131.50	4.00	0.699	19.42
KR02-06 St.A GC	133.50	4.07	0.716	19.90
KR02-06 St.A GC	135.50	4.15	0.701	19.46
KR02-06 St.A GC	137.50	4.22	0.705	19.58
KR02-06 St.A GC	139.50	4.29	0.701	19.46
KR02-06 St.A GC	141.50	4.37	0.708	19.69
KR02-06 St.A GC	143.50	4.44	0.679	18.82
KR02-06 St.A GC	145.50	4.51	0.704	19.55
KR02-06 St.A GC	147.50	4.59	0.677	18.76
KR02-06 St.A GC	151.50	4.74	0.689	19.11
KR02-06 St.A GC	153.50	4.82	0.704	19.55
KR02-06 St.A GC	155.50	4.90	0.689	19.11
KR02-06 St.A GC	159.50	5.06	0.702	19.51
KR02-06 St.A GC	161.50	5.14	0.695	19.28
KR02-06 St.A GC	163.50	5.22	0.686	19.04
KR02-06 St.A GC	165.50	5.30	0.721	20.06
KR02-06 St.A GC	167.50	5.38	0.708	19.68
KR02-06 St.A GC	169.50	5.46	0.715	19.89
KR02-06 St.A GC	171.50	5.54	0.697	19.36
KR02-06 St.A GC	173.50	5.62	0.753	20.99
KR02-06 St.A GC	175.50	5.70	0.707	19.64
KR02-06 St.A GC	177.50	5.78	0.717	19.94
KR02-06 St.A GC	179.50	5.86	0.710	19.73
KR02-06 St.A GC	181.50	5.94	0.718	19.97
KR02-06 St.A GC	183.50	6.01	0.726	20.20
KR02-06 St.A GC	185.50	6.09	0.710	19.74
KR02-06 St.A GC	187.50	6.17	0.729	20.31
KR02-06 St.A GC	189.50	6.25	0.731	20.37
KR02-06 St.A GC	191.50	6.33	0.740	20.63
KR02-06 St.A GC	193.50	6.41	0.726	20.22
KR02-06 St.A GC	195.50	6.49	0.732	20.37
KR02-06 St.A GC	197.50	6.57	0.741	20.66
KR02-06 St.A GC	199.50	6.65	0.723	20.11
KR02-06 St.A GC	201.50	6.73	0.742	20.69
KR02-06 St.A GC	203.50	6.81	0.739	20.58
KR02-06 St.A GC	205.50	6.89	0.728	20.27
KR02-06 St.A GC	207.50	6.97	0.744	20.75
KR02-06 St.A GC	209.50	7.05	0.739	20.60
KR02-06 St.A GC	211.50	7.13	0.729	20.31
MD01-2421	584.44	7.22	0.766	21.38
MD01-2421	594.54	7.38	0.737	20.53
MD01-2421	598.17	7.44	0.730	20.32
MD01-2421	608.26	7.53	0.743	20.71
MD01-2421	608.36	7.62	0.742	20.69
MD01-2421	613.51	7.71	0.736	20.49
MD01-2421	618.63	7.80	0.742	20.67
MD01-2421	623.73	7.89	0.755	21.06
MD01-2421	628.83	7.98	0.741	20.65
MD01-2421	638.99	8.16	0.757	21.13
MD01-2421	644.04	8.24	0.725	20.19
MD01-2421	649.09	8.33	0.737	20.52
MD01-2421	659.23	8.51	0.693	19.23
MD01-2421	664.33	8.59	0.717	19.95
MD01-2421	669.43	8.67	0.728	20.26
MD01-2421	679.49	8.84	0.707	19.66
MD01-2421	684.55	8.92	0.720	20.04
MD01-2421	694.55	9.08	0.697	19.35
MD01-2421	699.56	9.16	0.693	19.24
MD01-2421	709.79	9.36	0.710	19.75
MD01-2421	719.89	9.63	0.696	19.33
MD01-2421	729.99	9.91	0.717	19.93
MD01-2421	740.15	10.20	0.661	18.29
MD01-2421	745.49	10.34	0.654	18.09
MD01-2421	747.97	10.41	0.714	19.85
MD01-2421	750.50	10.48	0.715	19.88
MD01-2421	753.03	10.55	0.679	18.82
MD01-2421	755.56	10.62	0.661	18.29
MD01-2421	758.09	10.69	0.675	18.72
MD01-2421	760.61	10.76	0.655	18.12
MD01-2421	763.14	10.83	0.621	17.10
MD01-2421	765.69	10.90	0.611	16.84
MD01-2421	768.26	10.97	0.639	17.64