Arabian Sea NIOP905 87KYr Benthic Stable Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Arabian Sea NIOP905 87KYr Benthic Stable Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 4/2010 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Jung, S.J.A., D. Kroon, G. Ganssen, F. Peeters, and R. Ganeshram. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2010-034 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Jung, S.J.A., et al. 2010. Arabian Sea NIOP905 87KYr Benthic Stable Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2010-034. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Jung, S.J.A., D. Kroon, G. Ganssen, F. Peeters, and R. Ganeshram. 2009. Enhanced Arabian Sea intermediate water flow during glacial North Atlantic cold phases. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 280, pp. 220-228. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.01.037 ABSTRACT: During the last glacial period, polar ice cores indicate climate asynchrony between the poles at the millennial time-scale. Yet, surface ocean circulation in large parts of the globe varied in tune with Greenland temperature fluctuations suggesting that any anti-phase behavior to a substantial degree must lie in the deeper global ocean circulation which is poorly understood outside the Atlantic Ocean. Here we present data from the north-western Indian Ocean which indicate that the timing of maxima in northward extensions of glacial Antarctic Intermediate Water (GAAIW) coincides with dramatically reduced thermohaline overturn in the North Atlantic associated with the Heinrich-ice surge events (HE). The repeated expansion of the GAAIW during HEs, recorded far north of the equator in the Arabian Sea, suggests that southern hemisphere driven intermediate water mass variability forms an integral part of the inter-hemisphere asynchronous climate change behavior at the millennial time-scale. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE: Ivanochko, T.S., R.S. Ganeshram, G.-J.A. Brummer, G. Ganssen, S.J.A. Jung, S.G. Moreton, and D. Kroon. 2005. Variations in tropical convection as an amplifier of global climate change at the millennial scale. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 235, pp. 302-314. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.04.002 GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Arabian Sea PERIOD OF RECORD: 87 KYrBP - present FUNDING SOURCES: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands Science Foundation (NWO), and European Science Foundation (ESF-project "VAMOC"). AMS14C dates for Core NIOP 905 were funded by the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Additional dates were funded by the National Environmental Research Council (allocation number 924.0501) and provided by the NERC Radiocarbon Laboratory. DESCRIPTION: Benthic oxygen and carbon isotope data from the northwestern Arabian Sea measured on the epibenthic foraminifera C. kullenbergi. The data are from NIOP (Netherlands Indian Ocean Programme) Core 905, retrieved from the continental slope off Somalia in 1993 from a water depth of 1580 m. The age model is taken from Ivanochko 2005. Oxygen and carbon isotope records are based on averages of multiple single specimen analysis of the epibenthic foraminifera C. kullenbergi. In a few limited cases Cibicidoides spp. were used to avoid gaps in the record where C. kullenbergi was rare. Core NIOP 905, NW Arabian Sea: 10°46.01'N, 51°57.04'E, 1580m depth. DATA: Column 1: Age (KYr BP) Column 2: d18O (per mil PDB, 700 year running mean, C. kullenbergi) Column 3: d13C (per mil PDB, 700 year running mean, C. kullenbergi) Age d18O d13C 0.95688 2.2413 -0.02582 1.0114 2.2224 -0.04104 1.0387 2.2141 -0.06486 1.0659 2.2187 -0.06826 1.0932 2.2103 -0.06202 1.1205 2.202 -0.07361 1.1477 2.2015 -0.07763 1.175 2.1973 -0.07978 1.3113 2.1906 -0.06360 1.3658 2.2093 -0.06216 1.4203 2.1856 -0.05321 1.5294 2.2032 -0.00982 1.5566 2.2032 -0.00982 1.6112 2.2198 -0.01269 1.6384 2.2214 -0.01121 1.6657 2.2181 -0.01309 1.693 2.2181 -0.01309 1.7202 2.2162 -0.00457 1.7475 2.227 -0.00262 1.7747 2.231 -0.00587 1.802 2.2303 -0.00791 1.8266 2.2253 -0.00652 1.8512 2.2269 -0.00462 1.9251 2.2091 -0.00613 1.9497 2.207 -0.00473 1.9743 2.224 -0.00181 1.9989 2.2283 -0.00113 2.0481 2.2255 0.00226 2.0727 2.2246 -0.00051 2.122 2.2237 0.00519 2.1466 2.2282 0.00653 2.1712 2.2316 0.00716 2.1958 2.2243 -0.00025 2.2204 2.231 -0.00063 2.2696 2.23 -0.00495 2.2943 2.2183 -0.00177 2.3189 2.2165 -0.00553 2.3435 2.2147 -0.00661 2.3681 2.2177 -0.00074 2.4419 2.2154 0.00175 2.5158 2.2242 0.01236 2.5404 2.2383 0.01725 2.6142 2.2345 0.01465 2.6634 2.257 0.02007 2.7127 2.2336 0.01492 2.7373 2.2418 0.01904 2.7619 2.2435 0.00730 2.8111 2.2496 0.02248 2.8357 2.2613 0.02649 2.8603 2.2578 0.02299 2.8849 2.2542 0.02312 3.0326 2.2806 0.01660 3.0572 2.2805 0.02167 3.0819 2.2942 0.01343 3.1065 2.2843 0.01576 3.1557 2.2949 0.01335 3.1803 2.2954 0.01595 3.2049 2.2875 0.01334 3.2787 2.2732 -0.01221 3.328 2.2811 -0.00568 3.3526 2.2834 0.00571 3.3772 2.2813 0.00521 3.4018 2.288 0.00773 3.4264 2.2882 0.00587 3.451 2.2924 0.00531 3.5003 2.2901 0.01639 3.5249 2.2871 0.00593 3.5495 2.2759 -0.00180 3.5741 2.267 -0.00024 3.5987 2.273 0.00142 3.6725 2.2654 0.00580 3.6972 2.2631 0.02340 3.7218 2.2595 0.02134 3.7931 2.2496 0.01285 3.8152 2.2483 0.01213 3.8373 2.2483 0.01213 3.8816 2.2418 0.01369 3.9037 2.2459 0.01620 3.9479 2.269 0.03447 3.97 2.2594 0.03710 3.9922 2.2594 0.03710 4.0585 2.2613 0.02161 4.1027 2.2812 0.03261 4.1249 2.2942 0.02789 4.147 2.2891 0.02532 4.1912 2.2819 0.00921 4.2797 2.3031 0.01505 4.346 2.3096 0.00544 4.3681 2.3096 0.00544 4.4124 2.3204 0.00209 4.4345 2.3144 -0.00592 4.4566 2.3138 -0.01299 4.5008 2.3257 -0.00793 4.6778 2.3005 -0.01485 4.722 2.2858 -0.02396 4.7662 2.2924 -0.03112 4.7883 2.3098 -0.03840 4.8105 2.3218 -0.03238 4.8768 2.3242 -0.01060 4.8989 2.3242 -0.01060 4.921 2.3242 -0.01060 5.0095 2.3213 -0.00945 5.0759 2.3141 -0.00299 5.098 2.3141 -0.00299 5.1201 2.3349 -0.00392 5.1422 2.3459 0.00302 5.1643 2.3549 -0.00900 5.2086 2.3433 -0.00137 5.3413 2.3719 0.00855 5.4518 2.3844 0.02361 5.4961 2.3355 0.01758 5.5549 2.3398 0.01944 5.628 2.3509 0.02557 5.6864 2.3484 0.02885 5.7449 2.3562 0.03118 5.7741 2.3562 0.03118 5.8618 2.3497 0.07838 5.9787 2.3846 0.07814 6.1979 2.3137 0.07231 6.3441 2.3255 0.06110 6.4318 2.3354 0.02818 6.4756 2.3338 0.04202 6.5048 2.3338 0.04202 6.5633 2.3397 0.04062 6.705 2.3469 0.02529 6.7343 2.3392 0.02668 6.7533 2.3392 0.02668 6.7679 2.3382 0.01789 6.7825 2.3441 0.02133 6.7971 2.3441 0.02133 6.8117 2.3441 0.02133 6.8702 2.3541 0.00972 6.8994 2.3413 0.00190 6.946 2.3412 0.00014 6.9616 2.3412 0.00014 6.9802 2.3412 0.00014 7.0082 2.3403 0.00211 7.0238 2.3348 0.00201 7.0393 2.3351 -0.00076 7.0704 2.3364 -0.00088 7.117 2.3327 0.00141 7.1792 2.3441 -0.01642 7.1948 2.3441 -0.01642 7.2259 2.3411 -0.02565 7.3347 2.2962 -0.02922 7.3658 2.2987 -0.03393 7.3813 2.3069 -0.03583 7.4124 2.3296 -0.03081 7.4435 2.3238 -0.03476 7.4695 2.3241 -0.02827 7.4955 2.3241 -0.02827 7.5995 2.3521 -0.01723 7.6125 2.3586 -0.01659 7.6515 2.3673 -0.01745 7.6775 2.3806 -0.02224 7.7165 2.4057 -0.02839 7.7425 2.4104 -0.03053 7.7555 2.4114 -0.03072 7.7685 2.418 -0.03549 7.788 2.4235 -0.04033 7.8507 2.4504 -0.05171 7.8679 2.4518 -0.05526 7.8794 2.4551 -0.05494 7.8909 2.4609 -0.05460 7.9081 2.4646 -0.05386 7.9253 2.4668 -0.05146 7.9367 2.4683 -0.05306 7.9482 2.4683 -0.05306 7.9597 2.4819 -0.05680 7.9826 2.4923 -0.05869 7.9941 2.4924 -0.05960 8.0056 2.4907 -0.06245 8.017 2.4914 -0.06310 8.0285 2.4977 -0.06589 8.04 2.4998 -0.06342 8.0514 2.5013 -0.06372 8.0629 2.5031 -0.06805 8.0744 2.5049 -0.06734 8.0859 2.5057 -0.06742 8.0973 2.5093 -0.06771 8.1088 2.5077 -0.07051 8.1203 2.5133 -0.07240 8.1317 2.5151 -0.07177 8.1432 2.5251 -0.07271 8.1547 2.5278 -0.07228 8.1662 2.5264 -0.07419 8.1776 2.5258 -0.07340 8.1891 2.5245 -0.07177 8.2006 2.5242 -0.07509 8.212 2.5286 -0.07516 8.2235 2.5357 -0.07723 8.235 2.5405 -0.08138 8.2465 2.5391 -0.08331 8.2637 2.5456 -0.08470 8.2866 2.5527 -0.08551 8.3038 2.5535 -0.08582 8.3153 2.5547 -0.08832 8.3268 2.5559 -0.08753 8.3382 2.5568 -0.08757 8.3612 2.5602 -0.08758 8.3726 2.5607 -0.08772 8.3841 2.5618 -0.08793 8.3956 2.5627 -0.08998 8.4071 2.5633 -0.08908 8.4185 2.5636 -0.09272 8.43 2.5646 -0.09241 8.4415 2.5681 -0.09325 8.4529 2.5696 -0.09678 8.4644 2.5728 -0.09438 8.4759 2.5753 -0.09304 8.4873 2.575 -0.09280 8.4988 2.5778 -0.08813 8.5103 2.578 -0.08781 8.5218 2.5759 -0.08830 8.5332 2.5747 -0.09170 8.5447 2.5765 -0.09136 8.5562 2.5785 -0.08788 8.5676 2.583 -0.08595 8.5791 2.586 -0.08544 8.5906 2.5863 -0.08528 8.6021 2.5856 -0.08652 8.6135 2.5856 -0.08652 8.625 2.5862 -0.08928 8.6365 2.5862 -0.08928 8.6479 2.5851 -0.09086 8.6594 2.5856 -0.08966 8.6709 2.5873 -0.08777 8.6938 2.5898 -0.08933 8.7053 2.5895 -0.09046 8.7684 2.5993 -0.09014 8.7971 2.6017 -0.09415 8.8085 2.6053 -0.09614 8.82 2.6058 -0.09682 8.8315 2.6077 -0.09861 8.8429 2.607 -0.09806 8.8544 2.6067 -0.09941 8.8659 2.6112 -0.09878 8.8774 2.6139 -0.10031 8.8888 2.6175 -0.10302 8.9003 2.6223 -0.09876 8.9118 2.6245 -0.10077 8.9232 2.6252 -0.09974 8.9405 2.627 -0.10105 8.9952 2.6307 -0.10415 9.0098 2.6337 -0.10410 9.0389 2.6335 -0.10531 9.0535 2.6346 -0.10856 9.0681 2.6367 -0.11281 9.0827 2.637 -0.11499 9.0972 2.635 -0.11490 9.1118 2.6375 -0.11632 9.1264 2.6421 -0.11505 9.141 2.6427 -0.11490 9.1556 2.6456 -0.11386 9.1702 2.6472 -0.11726 9.1847 2.6498 -0.11900 9.1993 2.6497 -0.12410 9.2139 2.6515 -0.12408 9.2431 2.6575 -0.12593 9.3014 2.6526 -0.14108 9.316 2.6516 -0.14064 9.3305 2.6522 -0.14267 9.3451 2.6525 -0.14544 9.3597 2.6553 -0.14512 9.3743 2.6532 -0.15166 9.3889 2.6529 -0.15155 9.4035 2.6564 -0.15266 9.418 2.6588 -0.15263 9.4326 2.6585 -0.15765 9.4472 2.6588 -0.15996 9.4618 2.6579 -0.16541 9.4764 2.6579 -0.16800 9.4909 2.6593 -0.17007 9.5055 2.6599 -0.17149 9.5201 2.6606 -0.17027 9.5784 2.6653 -0.17418 9.593 2.6653 -0.17466 9.6076 2.6637 -0.17570 9.6222 2.6637 -0.17570 9.6368 2.6656 -0.17583 9.6513 2.6667 -0.17560 9.6659 2.6663 -0.17767 9.6805 2.668 -0.17829 9.6951 2.6658 -0.18069 9.7097 2.6652 -0.18439 9.7242 2.6653 -0.18495 9.7388 2.6681 -0.18802 9.7534 2.6702 -0.18954 9.768 2.6674 -0.19265 9.7826 2.6677 -0.19146 9.7971 2.6681 -0.19123 9.8117 2.6712 -0.19339 9.8263 2.6693 -0.19392 9.8409 2.67 -0.19559 9.8846 2.6695 -0.19672 9.9138 2.6687 -0.19823 9.9284 2.6683 -0.19714 9.943 2.6687 -0.19726 9.9575 2.6645 -0.19514 9.975 2.6633 -0.19154 10.001 2.6665 -0.19304 10.016 2.668 -0.19309 10.045 2.6705 -0.19302 10.06 2.6707 -0.19115 10.089 2.6771 -0.18671 10.103 2.6783 -0.18798 10.118 2.6775 -0.18787 10.191 2.6785 -0.17714 10.205 2.6782 -0.17666 10.22 2.6782 -0.17666 10.239 2.6765 -0.17776 10.257 2.6765 -0.17776 10.276 2.6759 -0.17934 10.295 2.6755 -0.17890 10.313 2.677 -0.18222 10.332 2.6735 -0.18228 10.351 2.6735 -0.18228 10.369 2.672 -0.18248 10.751 2.6851 -0.05542 10.938 2.7256 0.01332 11.108 2.7366 0.02826 11.246 2.7366 0.02826 12.015 2.5273 0.32718 12.442 2.9286 0.01365 12.568 2.8769 -0.04486 12.694 2.873 -0.00670 12.821 2.8615 -0.02741 12.947 2.8991 -0.06035 13.074 2.9028 -0.07246 13.2 2.9825 -0.04471 13.476 3.0477 -0.10331 13.628 3.0401 -0.12508 13.781 3.0615 -0.12537 13.933 3.0667 -0.12937 14.085 3.0513 -0.15224 14.698 2.8274 0.07293 14.985 2.9157 0.08587 15.043 2.9157 0.08587 15.158 2.9179 0.18146 15.215 2.9456 0.17793 15.445 3.071 0.21527 15.503 3.0635 0.21130 15.56 3.0896 0.21579 15.618 3.1031 0.26196 15.848 3.1847 0.19604 15.92 3.2124 0.17471 15.934 3.2138 0.19087 15.97 3.2097 0.17074 16.007 3.2383 0.17509 16.036 3.2383 0.17509 16.05 3.2383 0.17509 16.223 3.2951 0.16536 16.274 3.3359 0.14763 16.354 3.4105 0.11514 16.5 3.5029 0.12586 16.6 3.5345 0.12489 16.651 3.5962 0.08261 16.751 3.649 0.00406 17.079 3.7149 -0.06437 17.225 3.7286 -0.11392 17.462 3.7051 -0.07938 17.699 3.703 -0.05459 17.935 3.6862 -0.05077 18.172 3.6844 -0.03870 18.646 3.5636 -0.12755 18.883 3.5093 -0.15903 19.12 3.5693 -0.13528 19.357 3.5558 -0.16890 19.594 3.6272 -0.15124 19.83 3.63 -0.15859 20.067 3.6481 -0.13634 20.304 3.6743 -0.10824 20.541 3.6805 -0.02082 20.778 3.6737 -0.02869 21.015 3.6386 -0.02176 21.252 3.6154 -0.09744 21.489 3.6485 -0.09425 21.726 3.6471 -0.11255 21.962 3.702 -0.15153 22.152 3.6523 -0.15775 22.341 3.6225 -0.14939 22.578 3.5264 -0.11285 22.815 3.4828 -0.11549 23.365 3.468 -0.06496 23.442 3.4686 -0.05972 23.594 3.4686 -0.05972 23.671 3.4686 -0.05972 23.747 3.4798 -0.01821 24.284 3.7155 0.01849 24.852 3.5489 -0.03375 25.137 3.5671 -0.03592 25.421 3.561 -0.01967 25.989 3.539 -0.15214 26.273 3.4797 -0.13085 26.557 3.4672 -0.12836 27.126 3.1442 0.03398 27.41 3.224 -0.04555 27.694 3.2186 -0.10160 28.262 3.2226 0.07143 28.546 3.2167 0.07565 28.83 3.1735 0.10164 29.399 3.221 0.18287 29.683 3.221 0.18287 30.485 3.4302 -0.07436 30.744 3.3795 -0.05835 31.003 3.3915 -0.02416 31.521 3.348 -0.04335 31.868 3.3702 -0.05742 32.215 3.3771 -0.04730 32.522 3.3895 -0.08026 32.789 3.3167 -0.00959 32.922 3.2649 0.01541 33.055 3.2649 0.01541 33.188 3.2501 0.01907 33.455 3.2704 0.00070 33.609 3.2121 -0.03658 33.762 3.2121 -0.03658 33.916 3.2037 -0.01091 34.377 3.4141 -0.11036 34.531 3.442 -0.14106 34.839 3.4351 -0.18414 35.493 3.1873 0.02271 35.667 3.1274 -0.01068 36.013 3.2436 -0.00882 36.36 3.3321 -0.01764 36.533 3.4413 -0.05796 36.706 3.4582 -0.11880 36.879 3.4282 -0.14570 37.053 3.313 -0.12970 37.399 3.1964 -0.08899 37.572 3.0866 0.00207 37.746 3.1431 0.01778 37.991 3.203 -0.02601 38.063 3.203 -0.02601 38.134 3.2038 -0.03957 38.206 3.1739 -0.01808 38.278 3.1739 -0.01808 38.421 3.1524 -0.04185 38.493 3.1108 -0.01253 38.829 3.0886 0.07235 39.094 3.1399 0.02196 39.358 3.1886 0.00979 39.886 3.2781 -0.10125 40.151 3.2781 -0.10125 40.55 3.3314 -0.21583 40.686 3.3651 -0.21986 40.821 3.3651 -0.21986 40.956 3.3536 -0.20201 41.619 3.4648 -0.13917 41.741 3.4648 -0.13917 42.107 3.5957 -0.29516 42.229 3.5191 -0.28579 42.351 3.4843 -0.22254 42.473 3.4244 -0.15934 42.595 3.3359 -0.11541 42.717 3.2627 -0.08743 42.839 3.2538 -0.03068 43.422 3.563 -0.23231 43.714 3.5287 -0.25071 43.86 3.5553 -0.23930 44.006 3.5176 -0.27922 44.152 3.5085 -0.28957 44.298 3.4913 -0.29120 44.589 3.4198 -0.33564 44.735 3.4461 -0.28400 45.465 3.1232 -0.18903 45.611 3.1232 -0.18903 45.756 3.1232 -0.18903 46.672 3.3879 -0.14831 46.831 3.4388 -0.19620 47.149 3.4817 -0.21685 47.309 3.553 -0.22608 47.468 3.5577 -0.21917 47.786 3.4921 -0.18370 47.946 3.4592 -0.19920 49.538 3.1748 -0.31633 49.856 3.1748 -0.31633 50.334 3.3031 -0.41230 50.493 3.3031 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