Bay of Plenty Foraminiferal Data and SST Reconstruction ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Bay of Plenty Foraminiferal Data and SST Reconstruction LAST UPDATE: 4/2006 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Elisabeth Sikes, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2006-036 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Samson, C.R., et al. 2006. Bay of Plenty Foraminiferal Data and SST Reconstruction. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2006-036. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Samson, C.R., E.L. Sikes, and W.R. Howard. 2005. Deglacial paleoceanographic history of the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. Paleoceanography, 20, PA4017, doi:4010.1029/2004PA001088. ABSTRACT: We present sea surface temperature (SST) records with centennial-scale resolution from the Bay of Plenty, north of New Zealand. Foraminiferal assemblage-based paleo-SST estimates provide a deglacial record of SST since 16.5 14C ka. Average Holocene SSTs are 15.6C for winter and 20.3C for summer, whereas average glacial values were 14.2C for winter and 19.5C for summer. Compared to modern time, cooling of SSTs at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) was ~0.9C in winter and ~1.5C in summer. The shift from glacial to Holocene temperatures began at 14.25 14C ka, warming by ~2C until 12.85 14C ka when temperatures dipped back to glacial values at 11.65 14C ka. The timing of this return to glacial-like SST correlates well with the Antarctic Cold Reversal (ACR) rather than the Younger Dryas and documents that the influence of the ACR extended into the subtropics of the Southern Hemisphere, at least in this region of the southwest Pacific. By 10.55 14C ka an SST maximum in summer SSTs of up to 3C warmer than modern occurred (~24C), after which SST dropped, remaining at present-day temperatures since 9.3 14C ka. This early Holocene climatic optimum has been widely noted in the Southern Ocean, and this record indicates that this phenomenon also extended into the subtropics to the north of New Zealand. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Southwest Pacific, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. PERIOD OF RECORD: 16 KYrBP - present FUNDING SOURCE: Radiocarbon dating was funded in part by ANSTO (AINSE Project 95/R155 AMS). DESCRIPTION: Bay of Plenty Sediment Data and SST Reconstruction Core H214 36°55.5'S, 177°26.5'E, water depth: 2045m. Data include planktonic faunal counts and stable isotope data for G. bulloides and G. ruber, benthic stable isotope data for mixed species of Cibicidoides, and planktonic faunal based SST estimates. DATA: 1. Globogerina bulloides isotopic data run at that central science laboratorises at the University of Tasmania. Depth (cm) Mid depth d13C(PDB) d180(PDB) 5.3-6.3 5.8 -1 -0.1 5.3-6.3 5.8 -1.33 -0.01 15.9-16.9 16.4 -1.2 -0.2 21.1-22.2 21.7 -1.47 -0.29 47.6-48.6 48.1 -0.92 -0.16 52.9-53.9 53.4 -0.9 0.24 68.7-69.8 69.2 -1.25 0.02 68.7-69.8 69.2 -0.98 0.09 85.4-86.5 85.9 -1 0.04 90.7-91.8 91.2 -1.45 0.21 101.4-102.5 102 -1.25 0.24 101.4-102.5 102 -1.63 0.22 103.7-104.8 104.2 -1.39 0.06 105.9-107.0 106.4 -1.8 0.05 108.1-109.2 108.6 -1.46 0.22 110.3-111.4 110.9 -1.52 0.06 110.3-111.4 110.9 -1.46 -0.05 112.5-113.6 113.1 -1.4 0.22 114.7-115.8 115.3 -1.47 0.28 117.0-118.1 117.5 -1.44 0.27 119.2-120.3 119.7 -1.54 -0.05 121.4-122.5 121.9 -1.41 0.08 121.4-122.5 121.9 -1.63 0.1 123.6-124.7 124.2 -1.54 0.17 125.6-126.9 126.4 -1.22 0.36 128.0-129.2 128.6 -1.04 0.29 130.3-131.4 130.8 -1.54 0.47 132.5-133.6 133 -1.17 0.49 132.5-133.6 133 -1.48 0.66 134.7-135.8 135.3 -0.98 0.6 136.9-138.0 137.5 -1.33 0.74 139.1-140.2 139.7 -1.11 0.46 141.3-142.5 141.9 -1.43 0.68 143.6-144.7 144.1 -1.48 0.66 145.8-146.9 146.3 -1.52 0.59 161.2-162.3 161.7 -1.27 0.6 163.4-164.5 163.9 -1.41 0.93 165.6-166.7 166.1 -1.73 0.92 167.8-168.9 168.3 -1.85 0.76 172.1-173.2 172.7 -1.25 0.67 174.3-175.4 174.9 -1.22 1.04 177.6-178.7 178.2 -1.39 1.11 177.6-178.7 178.2 -1.33 1.03 180.9-182.0 181.5 -1.44 1.03 183.1-184.2 183.6 -1.48 1.35 186.4-187.5 186.9 -1.48 1.24 188.6-189.7 189.1 -1.26 1.14 191.9-193.0 192.4 -1.4 1.29 191.9-193.0 192.4 -1.31 1.22 194.0-195.1 194.6 -1.14 1.2 197.3-198.4 197.9 -1.57 1.29 199.5-200.6 200.1 -1.28 1.13 207.5-208.3 207.9 -1.35 1.49 207.5-208.3 207.9 -1.42 1.27 211.3-212.0 211.6 -1.74 1.42 216.7-217.9 217.3 -1.75 1.24 228.4-229.6 229.2 -1.18 1.69 234.3-235.5 234.9 -1.62 1.46 234.3-235.5 234.9 -1.65 1.27 241.4-242.5 241.9 -1.32 1.62 246.1-247.2 246.6 -1.49 1.47 251.9-253.1 252.5 -1.39 1.53 257.8-259.0 258.4 -1.47 1.5 257.8-259.0 258.4 -1.63 1.57 2.stable isotope data for Globogerinoides ruber. These analyses were run at two different institutions as indicated Depth(cm) Mid Depth d13C(PDB) d180(PDB) institution 5.3-6.3 5.8 0.53 -0.58 U. Tasmania 10.6-11.6 11.1 0.58 -0.56 U. Tasmania 15.9-16.9 16.4 0.61 -0.45 U. Tasmania 21.1-22.2 21.7 0.58 -0.53 U. Tasmania 26.4-27.5 27 0.51 -0.45 U. Tasmania 31.7-32.8 32.2 1.1 -0.63 U. Tasmania 37.0-38.1 37.5 1.06 -0.55 U. Tasmania 42.3-43.3 42.8 0.46 -0.48 U. Tasmania 47.6-48.6 48.1 1.08 -0.68 U. Tasmania 52.9-53.9 53.4 1.1 -0.63 U. Tasmania 63.4-64.5 64 0.86 -0.53 U. Tasmania 68.7-69.8 69.2 0.94 -0.72 U. Tasmania 80.1-81.2 80.6 0.89 -0.56 U. Tasmania 90.7-91.8 91.2 0.86 -0.19 U. Tasmania 101.4-102.5 102 0.62 -0.28 U. Tasmania 102.5-103.7 103.1 0.66 -0.12 U. Tasmania 103.7-104.8 104.2 0.71 -0.3 U. Tasmania 103.7-104.8 104.2 0.99 0.48 UC Davis 104.8-105.9 105.3 0.75 -0.16 U. Tasmania 105.9-107.0 106.4 0.98 -0.2 UC Davis 105.9-107.0 106.4 0.8 -0.16 U. Tasmania 107.0-108.1 107.5 0.66 -0.19 U. Tasmania 108.1-109.2 108.6 0.93 -0.08 UC Davis 110.3-111.4 110.9 0.93 0.25 UC Davis 112.5-113.6 113.1 0.75 -0.08 UC Davis 114.7-115.8 15.3 0.93 0.02 UC Davis 117.0-118.1 117.5 0.69 0.09 UC Davis 119.2-120.3 119.7 0.94 0.37 UC Davis 121.4-122.5 121.9 0.94 0.28 UC Davis 123.6-124.7 124.2 0.96 0.31 UC Davis 125.6-126.9 126.4 0.95 0.42 UC Davis 128.0-129.2 128.6 0.74 0.73 UC Davis 130.3-131.4 130.6 0.78 0.5 UC Davis 132.5-133.6 133 0.37 1.09 UC Davis 134.7-135.8 135.3 0.88 0.69 UC Davis 136.9-138.0 137.5 0.68 0.92 UC Davis 139.1-140.2 139.7 0.77 0.74 UC Davis 141.3-142.5 141.9 0.71 0.79 UC Davis 143.6-144.7 144.1 0.83 0.5 UC Davis 145.8-146.9 146.3 0.72 0.77 UC Davis 161.2-162.3 161.7 0.76 0.99 UC Davis 163.4-164.5 163.9 0.78 0.7 UC Davis 3. benthic foraminiferal isotope data run on mixed species of Cibicidoides Depth(cm) Mid depth d13C(PDB) d180(PDB) 0-1.1 0.5 0.33 2.64 10.6-11.6 11.1 0.38 2.61 21.1-22.2 21.7 0.23 2.57 31.7-32.8 32.2 0.37 2.56 42.3-43.3 42.8 0.53 2.61 52.9-53.9 53.4 0.45 2.65 63.4-64.5 64 0.57 2.57 75.5-77.0 76.3 0.72 2.38 85.4-86.5 85.9 0.06 2.95 101.4-102.5 102 0.25 3.11 103.7-104.8 104.2 0.38 2.88 105.9-107.0 106.4 0.36 2.35 108.1-109.2 108.6 0.22 3.09 110.3-111.4 110.9 0.28 2.87 112.5-113.6 113.1 0.25 3.27 114.7-115.8 115.3 0.32 2.97 117.0-118.1 19.7 0.26 2.88 121.4-122.5 121.9 0.22 2.96 123.6-124.7 124.2 -0.07 3.37 125.6-126.9 126.4 0.25 3.2 128.0-129.2 128.6 0.18 3.28 130.3-131.4 130.8 0.05 3.21 132.5-133.6 133 0.08 3.34 134.7-135.8 135.3 0.09 3.57 136.9-138.0 137.5 0.35 3.2 139.1-140.2 139.7 0.31 3.48 141.3-142.5 141.9 0.25 3.52 145.8-146.9 146.3 0.24 3.59 159.0-160.1 159.5 0.06 3.49 160.1-161.2 160.6 -0.05 3.74 161.2-162.3 161.7 -0.1 3.87 162.3-163.4 162.8 -0.02 3.65 163.4-164.5 163.9 -0.11 3.49 164.5-165.6 165 0.02 3.61 175.4-176.5 176 0.1 3.88 180.9-182.0 181.5 -0.18 3.92 186.4-187.5 186.9 -0.01 4.13 191.9-193.0 192.4 -0.03 4.14 197.3-198.4 197.9 -0.06 4.16 207.5-208.3 207.9 -0.07 4.11 211.3-212.0 211.6 -0.1 4.32 216.7-217.9 217.3 -0.22 4.44 222.6-223.7 223.2 -0.18 4.34 228.4-229.6 229 -0.11 4.44 234.3-235.5 234.9 -0.29 4.37 241.4-242.5 241.9 -0.08 4.44 246.1-247.2 246.6 -0.13 4.41 257.8-259.0 258.4 -0.1 4.43 4. Faunal counts Depthcm. O.uni G.rubW G.rub G.sacw/ G.sacw/o G.Sac G.auq G.cal G.bull G.fal G.rubes G.quin N.pacL N.pacR N.dul P.obl G.inl G.truL G.truR G.cras G.scit G.glut Other TotPlank Pfrags Benthics 0.5 3 11 11 1 0 1 2 9 67 46 0 0 1 10 1 4 209 3 7 8 3 0 8 8 49 238 401 11.1 0 20 20 1 1 2 3 11 69 78 1 2 2 10 1 1 118 1 4 6 3 0 12 8 29 140 352 21.7 1 19 19 1 0 1 1 9 61 57 3 0 0 10 0 1 116 7 6 3 3 0 11 1 20 123 310 32.2 3 43 43 1 0 1 2 7 48 61 1 0 0 10 0 1 137 9 5 11 1 0 17 4 8 88 361 42.8 2 38 36 1 1 2 4 7 60 75 0 0 2 18 5 0 160 4 8 12 3 1 11 1 12 160 413 53.4 2 47 47 4 0 4 0 15 87 90 2 2 2 24 0 1 154 7 5 15 1 1 18 3 16 126 480 64.0 5 78 78 3 0 3 4 15 64 97 0 0 0 25 0 1 111 6 8 38 3 1 15 2 13 140 476 76.3 1 29 29 2 0 2 0 8 58 79 1 5 1 15 0 0 93 1 3 9 2 0 8 6 8 60 321 85.9 2 23 23 3 0 3 2 10 55 61 0 0 0 6 2 2 86 2 5 19 2 0 11 2 11 90 293 102.0 0 29 29 1 0 1 4 6 63 66 1 1 1 8 6 2 74 3 5 20 0 0 10 1 7 81 301 107.5 1 29 29 6 1 7 2 5 71 65 0 2 3 11 1 2 55 0 4 20 0 0 12 2 8 97 292 110.9 2 29 29 0 1 1 1 7 89 53 2 2 0 5 8 0 53 2 1 11 1 1 30 6 16 84 304 113.1 1 34 34 1 0 1 0 7 77 70 0 5 1 10 7 2 48 1 0 14 1 2 13 2 13 101 296 118.6 5 45 45 3 2 5 1 10 177 67 1 3 2 14 21 2 83 1 1 10 3 1 14 10 15 140 476 124.2 1 27 27 0 1 1 3 5 83 54 1 1 1 21 22 1 59 0 0 7 0 7 1 15 92 295 129.7 1 40 40 2 2 4 5 6 107 69 5 1 1 38 13 1 58 4 0 17 1 2 8 5 19 105 386 135.3 2 24 24 1 0 1 0 8 113 46 3 1 0 30 5 0 39 3 2 14 3 6 12 7 17 78 319 140.8 2 17 17 0 0 0 1 5 96 65 1 0 0 40 2 0 47 2 1 13 3 7 15 15 16 83 332 159.5 6 18 18 2 3 5 4 2 101 44 0 0 1 77 4 0 72 4 0 12 1 0 21 7 23 117 379 165.0 6 32 32 1 1 2 1 10 143 55 1 2 0 101 6 0 55 2 0 17 1 1 31 6 25 119 472 176.0 1 26 26 2 0 2 1 11 95 57 1 3 3 84 8 0 65 1 0 4 0 2 21 4 18 132 389 186.9 2 13 13 1 0 1 7 1 69 41 0 0 5 80 0 0 108 6 1 5 2 0 16 7 19 137 364 197.9 1 8 8 0 0 0 2 5 37 49 0 5 3 64 1 0 75 7 0 6 4 1 16 2 16 78 286 207.9 1 4 4 0 0 0 1 4 36 26 0 3 8 49 1 0 47 2 0 4 0 2 11 2 8 56 201 211.6 2 4 4 0 0 0 1 5 36 40 1 4 13 94 0 0 85 5 0 4 4 1 22 3 17 78 324 217.3 0 4 4 0 0 0 0 1 48 39 0 7 22 134 0 0 36 4 0 5 1 3 16 6 20 104 316 223.2 0 3 3 0 0 0 2 5 33 31 0 5 16 116 1 0 58 7 0 4 1 0 14 4 21 50 300 229.0 0 6 6 0 0 0 0 2 50 38 1 13 19 127 1 0 50 15 2 8 0 1 16 5 9 106 354 241.9 0 5 5 0 0 0 1 8 50 39 0 12 26 156 0 0 81 9 0 8 0 0 19 8 15 88 422 252.5 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 27 12 0 0 6 72 0 0 51 3 0 3 1 0 8 3 9 60 189 5. 14C dates Depth cm. Ash Layer Species SizeFract.um 14Cage 1sigErr AMS lab# 32.2 G.inflata >150 3,720 90 OZD 261 75-77 G.inflata >150 7,637 87 NZA 6654 76-77 G.inflata >150 7,540 40 LL 39597 77-78 Mamaku - - - - 78-79 G.inflata >250 7,610 40 LL 39598 78-79 G.inflata >250 7,700 40 LL 39599 94-96 G.inflata >150 8,800 30 LL 39600 96-97 Rotoma - - - - 97-98 G.inflata >250 9,130 40 LL 39601 97-98 G.inflata >250 8,960 40 LL 39602 124.2 - G.inflata >250 10,950 160 OZD 262 151-153 G.inflata >150 12,820 110 NZA 6655 153-159 Waiohau - - - - 159-160 G.inflata >250 12,910 140 NZA 6662 160-161 G.inflata >250 12,940 70 LL 40465 186.9 G.inflata >250 14,650 170 OZD 263 202-203 G.inflata >250 14,980 70 LL 40466 203-205 G.inflata >150 14,980 120 NZA 6663 205-206 Rerewhakaaitu - - - 206-208 G.inflata >150 15,350 160 NZA 6664 208-209 G.inflata >250 14,970 70 LL 40467 208-209 G.inflata >250 14,910 70 LL 40468 241.9 - G.inflata >250 16,250 220 OZD 264 6. SST Estimates Depth cm. 14CageKyr DissimAvg. DissimStD SSTcold SSTcold1S SSTwarm SSTwarm1S 0.5 0.59 0.169 0.037 15.80 1.63 20.14 1.68 11.1 1.5 0.163 0.025 15.52 1.50 20.30 1.55 21.7 2.42 0.147 0.021 15.34 1.45 20.26 1.55 32.2 3.32 0.148 0.027 15.79 1.48 20.83 1.74 42.8 4.23 0.124 0.032 15.48 1.60 20.31 1.84 53.4 5.15 0.161 0.017 15.45 1.62 20.11 1.91 64 6.06 0.168 0.022 17.08 1.18 22.44 1.54 76.3 7.12 0.184 0.013 15.22 1.26 20.09 1.24 85.9 7.79 0.186 0.03 16.43 1.66 21.41 1.79 102 8.92 0.202 0.025 15.89 1.53 20.82 1.34 107.5 9.33 0.238 0.026 16.90 1.33 21.94 1.16 110.9 9.58 0.197 0.013 16.42 1.57 22.54 1.82 113.1 9.74 0.215 0.012 16.40 1.57 22.16 1.86 118.6 10.14 0.187 0.021 16.45 2.04 23.74 2.74 124.2 10.55 0.181 0.025 16.90 1.56 23.87 3.31 129.7 10.92 0.179 0.008 15.87 2.41 21.00 3.00 135.3 11.29 0.198 0.023 14.69 2.06 20.82 2.81 140.8 11.66 0.184 0.015 13.71 1.26 19.28 2.27 159.5 12.5 0.16 0.012 15.16 2.60 20.60 3.46 165 12.85 0.18 0.015 15.92 2.98 21.32 3.28 176 13.55 0.139 0.007 15.60 2.48 21.08 3.44 186.9 14.25 0.12 0.018 14.40 1.94 18.90 2.11 197.9 14.47 0.097 0.011 13.74 1.46 18.31 1.68 207.9 14.71 0.134 0.009 13.63 2.19 17.92 2.95 211.6 14.83 0.131 0.018 14.17 2.00 18.75 2.18 217.3 15.03 0.156 0.017 11.99 4.01 15.96 4.02 223.2 15.22 0.134 0.024 14.36 3.22 19.68 2.69 229 15.42 0.159 0.014 13.84 2.23 18.71 2.35 241.9 15.85 0.165 0.02 14.28 3.41 19.73 3.02 252.5 16.21 0.129 0.018 14.42 3.20 20.02 2.46