# Eastern Arabian Sea 4,700 Year Mg/Ca-d18O Data and SST/SSS Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/18919 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/tiwari2015/tiwari2015.txt # # Archive: Paleoceanography # # Parameter_Keywords: Sea surface temperature, salinity, monsoon, precipitation, solar activity, foraminifera, isotopes, trace element ratios #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2015-06-26 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Eastern Arabian Sea 4,700 Year Mg/Ca-d18O Data and SST/SSS Reconstructions #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Tiwari, M.; Nagoji, S.S.; Ganeshram, R.S. #--------------------------------------- # Description and Notes # Description: High-resolution (centennial to bi-centennial scale) SST and salinity data from the eastern Arabian Sea since mid-Holocene, # based on foraminiferal Mg/Ca and d18O data. # # Provided Keywords: Sea surface temperature, salinity, monsoon, precipitation, solar activity, foraminifera, isotopes, trace element ratios #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Manish Tiwari, Siddhesh S. Nagoji, and Raja S. Ganeshram # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015-06-26 # Published_Title: Multi-centennial scale SST and Indian summer monsoon precipitation variability since mid-Holocene and its nonlinear response to solar activity # Journal_Name: The Holocene # Volume: # Issue: # Pages: # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1177/0959683615585840 # Online_Resource: http://hol.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/05/22/0959683615585840.abstract # Abstract: Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) shows a weak correlation with solar variability in the 20th century. However, such climatological observations on solar activity-monsoon relationship are very short and hence uncertain. A few paleomonsoon records also exhibit prominent correspondence with solar activity during early Holocene and beyond. But despite the strong recent solar minima (e.g. Maunder, Sporer, Oort, Wolf), their correlation with monsoon precipitation is weak and inconclusive. Additionally, many of the earlier studies have been from the western Arabian Sea that provides records of the ISM wind intensity instead of the ISM precipitation. We present here mid-Holocene to recent sea surface temperature (SST) reconstructed from Mg/Ca measurements of planktic foraminifera (Globigerinoides ruber; white, sensu stricto) on a centennial-scale resolution from the southeastern Arabian. These measurements are used to correct the oxygen isotope ratios of G. ruber to reconstruct salinity related to monsoon runoff in this region more precisely than hitherto. The long-term trend indicates that the ISM precipitation has declined since the mid-Holocene similar to the solar activity. On shorter multi-centennial timescale, we show that the ISM precipitation declined concurrently with the recent periods of strong solar minima, but lagged by a couple of hundred years beyond 1300 yr BP toward the mid-Holocene - confirmed statistically using wavelet analysis. This nonstationary phase relationship between the ISM and the solar activity indicates the possible influence of the tropical coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Ministry of Earth Sciences National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR) # Grant: #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Department of Science and Technology # Grant: BOYSCAST Fellowship #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: SN-6 # Location: Ocean>Indian Ocean>Arabian Sea # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 12.486 # Southernmost_Latitude: 12.486 # Easternmost_Longitude: 74.133 # Westernmost_Longitude: 74.133 # Elevation: -589 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Tiwari2015SN-6 # First_Year: 4772 # Last_Year: 154 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: 36 # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology: # # Labcode depth_top depth_bottom mat.dated 14C.raw 14C.raw_err datemeth reservoir delta-R calib.14C calib.14C_1sig_lo calib.14C_1sig_up calib_method # AA91701 0 3 G. ruber, G. sacculifer 566 40 14C AMS Marine09 0 216 172 260 CALIB 6.0 # AA91702 10 12 G. ruber, G. sacculifer 1257 39 14C AMS Marine09 0 803 858 748 CALIB 6.0 # AA91703 18 20 G. ruber, G. sacculifer 2132 44 14C AMS Marine09 0 1732 1796 1668 CALIB 6.0 # AA91704 26 28 G. ruber, G. sacculifer 3223 42 14C AMS Marine09 0 3035 3108 2962 CALIB 6.0 # AA91705 34 36 G. ruber, G. sacculifer 4473 45 14C AMS Marine09 0 4670 4735 4596 CALIB 6.0 # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_cm depth, , , cm, , , , ,N ## age_calBP age, , , calendar years before present, , , , ,N ## d18Og.rub-w-ss250-420 delta18O, G. ruber white ss 250-420um, , per mil PDB, ,Paleoceanography, Foraminiferal tests from marine sediments, analytical technique: isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N ## Mg/Ca-g.rubw250-420 Magnesium/Calcium ratio, G. ruber white ss 250-420um, , mmol/mol, ,Paleoceanography, Foraminiferal tests from marine sediments, analytical technique: inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N ## sst-mg/ca-rub.ss Sea Surface Temperature, G.ruber white ss Mg/Ca , , degrees Celsius, , Paleoceanography, inferred, Modern analogue,N ## d18Osw-g.rub-w delta 18O of seawater, G.ruber white ss, , per mil PDB, , Paleoceanography, Inferred, Culture Experiment,N ## sss-ppt Sea Surface Salinity, , , ppt, , Paleoceanography, Inferred , Culture Experiment,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # depth_cm age_calBP d18Og.rub-w-ss250-420 Mg/Ca-g.rubw250-420 sst-mg/ca-g.rub-w d18Osw-g.rub-w sss-ppt 0.5 154.21 -2.55 5.38 29.44 0.43 34.73 1.5 216.00 -2.51 5.00 28.62 0.29 34.19 2.5 277.79 -2.46 5.36 29.41 0.51 35.05 3.5 339.58 -2.54 4.59 27.68 0.05 33.28 4.5 401.37 -2.30 4.82 28.22 0.41 34.66 5.5 463.16 -2.17 4.83 28.24 0.55 35.18 6.5 524.94 -2.62 4.60 27.71 -0.02 33.00 7.5 586.73 -2.53 5.11 28.88 0.33 34.35 8.5 648.52 -2.42 4.69 27.92 0.23 33.95 9.5 710.31 -2.34 5.20 29.06 0.56 35.22 10.5 772.10 -2.41 4.71 27.96 0.24 34.02 11.5 861.06 -2.28 4.84 28.27 0.45 34.79 12.5 977.19 -2.46 4.86 28.33 0.28 34.14 13.5 1093.31 -2.49 5.08 28.82 0.35 34.44 14.5 1209.44 -2.47 5.16 28.98 0.41 34.66 15.5 1325.56 -2.36 5.40 29.49 0.63 35.51 16.5 1441.69 -2.47 5.11 28.88 0.39 34.58 17.5 1557.81 -2.58 4.94 28.50 0.20 33.83 18.5 1673.94 -2.63 5.62 29.93 0.46 34.85 19.5 1813.44 -2.42 5.18 29.03 0.47 34.90 20.5 1976.31 -2.44 5.15 28.97 0.43 34.75 21.5 2139.19 -2.56 4.61 27.74 0.05 33.27 22.5 2302.06 -2.78 5.38 29.46 0.20 33.85 23.5 2464.94 -2.84 4.70 27.94 -0.19 32.36 24.5 2627.81 -2.30 5.02 28.68 0.52 35.08 25.5 2790.69 -2.60 4.78 28.13 0.10 33.44 26.5 2953.56 -2.61 5.19 29.05 0.29 34.19 27.5 3137.19 -2.52 4.87 28.33 0.22 33.90 28.5 3341.56 -2.55 4.91 28.44 0.21 33.90 29.5 3545.94 -2.47 4.92 28.46 0.30 34.22 30.5 3750.31 -2.81 5.14 28.94 0.06 33.31 31.5 3954.69 -2.64 4.94 28.51 0.13 33.60 32.5 4159.06 -2.55 4.83 28.26 0.17 33.73 33.5 4363.44 -2.51 4.51 27.49 0.04 33.24 34.5 4567.81 -2.41 4.93 28.49 0.37 34.49 35.5 4772.19 -2.59 5.07 28.79 0.25 34.02