Western Tropical Atlantic 21KYr Mg/Ca SST, d18Osw, and SSS ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Western Tropical Atlantic 21KYr Mg/Ca SST, d18Osw, and SSS LAST UPDATE: 5/2011 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Weldeab, S., R.R. Schneider, and M. Kölling. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2011-061 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Weldeab, S., et al. 2011. Western Tropical Atlantic 21KYr Mg/Ca SST, d18Osw, and SSS. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2011-061. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Weldeab, S., R.R. Schneider, and M. Kölling. 2006. Deglacial sea surface temperature and salinity increase in the western tropical Atlantic in synchrony with high latitude climate instabilities. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol 241, pp. 699-706. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.012 ABSTRACT: A sediment core from the western tropical Atlantic covering the last 21,000 yr has been analysed for centennial scale reconstruction of sea surface temperature (SST) and ice volume-corrected oxygen isotopic composition of sea water (d18Oivc-sw) using Mg/Ca and d18O of the shallow dwelling planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber (white). At a period between 15.5 and 17.5 kyr BP, the Mg/Ca SST and d18Oivc-sw, a proxy for sea surface salinity (SSS), reveals a warming of around 2.5 °C along with an increase in salinity. A second period of pronounced warming and SSS increase occurred between 11.6 and 13.5 kyr BP. Within age model uncertainties, both warming intervals were synchronous with air temperature increase over Antarctica and ice retreat in the southern South Atlantic and terminated with abrupt centennial scale SSS decrease and slight SST cooling in conjunction with interglacial reactivation of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC). We suggest that during these warm intervals, production of saline and warm water of the North Brazil Current resulted in pronounced heat and salt accumulation, and was associated with warming in the southern Atlantic, southward displacement of the intertropical convergence zone and weakened MOC. At the termination of the Younger Dryas and Heinrich event 1, intensification of cross-equatorial heat and salt transport caused centennial scale cooling and freshening of the western tropical Atlantic surface water. This study shows that the western tropical Atlantic served as a heat and salt reservoir during deglaciation. The sudden release of accumulated heat and salt at the end of Younger Drays and Heinrich event 1 may have contributed to the rapid reinvigoration of the Atlantic MOC. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES: Anand, P., H. Elderfield, and M.H. Conte. 2003. Calibration of Mg/Ca thermometry in planktonic foraminifera from a sediment trap time series. Paleoceanography, Vol. 18, doi:10.1029/2002PA000846. Arz, H.W., J. Pätzold, and G. Wefer. 1998. Correlated millennial-scale changes in surface hydrography and terrigenous sediment yield inferred from Last-Glacial marine deposits off northeastern Brazil. Quat. Res. 50, 157-166. Arz, H.W., J. Pätzold, and G. Wefer. 1999. The deglacial history of the western tropical Atlantic as inferred from high resolution stable isotope records off northwestern Brazil. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 167, 105-117. Arz, H.W., J. Pätzold, and G. Wefer. 1999. Climatic changes during the last deglacation recorded in sediment cores from the northeastern Brazilian Continental Margin. Geo Mar. Lett. 19, 209-218. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Western Tropical Atlantic PERIOD OF RECORD: 21 KYrBP - present FUNDING SOURCES: EU grant EVRI-CT 2001-40018 (CESOP) DESCRIPTION: Planktonic foraminiferal (Globigerinoides ruber white) Mg/Ca Sea Surface Temperature (SST) (Arz et al. 1998, 1999), stable oxygen isotope (d18O) measurements, plus calculated d18O of sea water (d18Osw) and Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) from a western tropical Atlantic sediment core (NE-Brazilian continental margin) for the past 21,000 years. Core GeoB3129/3911: 04°36.8'S, 36°38.2'W, 830m water depth. DATA: 1. Age control points for GeoB3129/3911 Column 1: Core Column 2: Core Depth (m) Column 3: Age dated [ka] Column 4: Age std dev [ka +/-] Column 5: Cal yrs [ka BP] Column 6: Age min [ka] Column 7: Age max [ka] Core Depth Age StdDev CalAge AgeMin AgeMax GeoB3129-1 0.22 2.23 0.03 1.825 1.731 1.919 GeoB3129-1 0.52 4.01 0.05 4.019 3.865 4.172 GeoB3129-1 0.62 4.22 0.03 4.315 4.217 4.413 GeoB3129-1 0.9 6.28 0.04 6.741 6.632 6.849 GeoB3129-1 1.19 6.91 0.06 7.423 7.303 7.542 GeoB3129-1 2.07 9.56 0.08 10.398 10.234 10.561 GeoB3129-1 2.41 10.05 0.06 10.99 10.797 11.182 GeoB3129-1 3.07 10.31 0.06 11.427 11.321 11.532 GeoB3129-1 3.29 10.83 0.06 12.393 12.255 12.53 GeoB3129-1 4.52 11.01 0.07 12.593 12.376 12.809 GeoB3129-1 4.91 12 0.07 13.459 13.288 13.629 GeoB3129-1 5.23 12.44 0.07 13.898 13.751 14.044 GeoB3129-1 5.48 12.78 0.05 14.423 14.101 14.745 GeoB3911-3 5.43 13.08 0.08 14.924 14.586 15.261 GeoB3911-3 6.48 14.56 0.11 16.901 16.41 17.391 GeoB3911-3 6.65 17.32 0.09 20.069 19.869 20.268 2. GeoB3129/3911 Mg/Ca SST, d18O, d18Osw, and SSS Column 1: Age [ka BP] Column 2: Depth (m) Column 3: Label Column 4: Sea surface temperature, annual mean [°C] (SST) calculated from (Anand et al., 2003) Column 5: Globigerinoides ruber white, d18O [per mil PDB] Column 6: delta 18O, water [per mil VSMOW] ice volume corrected Column 7: Sea Surface Salinity (SSS, ppt) Age Depth Label SST d18Orubw d18Osw SSS 0.17 0.02 GeoB3129-1 27.13 -1.79 0.7 35.95 0.25 0.03 GeoB3129-1 27.15 -1.8 0.7 35.94 0.66 0.08 GeoB3129-1 27.07 -1.76 0.72 35.99 1.08 0.13 GeoB3129-1 27.26 -1.78 0.74 36.02 1.49 0.18 GeoB3129-1 27.33 -1.87 0.67 35.87 1.9 0.23 GeoB3129-1 27.25 -1.78 0.73 36.01 2.26 0.28 GeoB3129-1 26.74 -1.69 0.72 35.99 2.63 0.33 GeoB3129-1 27.52 -1.84 0.73 36.01 2.99 0.38 GeoB3129-1 27.12 -1.83 0.65 35.83 3.36 0.43 GeoB3129-1 27.27 -1.73 0.79 36.12 3.73 0.48 GeoB3129-1 27.24 -1.81 0.69 35.93 3.91 0.505 GeoB3129-1 26.95 -1.58 0.87 36.28 4.05 0.53 GeoB3129-1 27.48 -1.93 0.62 35.78 4.12 0.555 GeoB3129-1 27.81 -1.82 0.81 36.16 4.2 0.58 GeoB3129-1 27.2 -1.65 0.84 36.23 4.27 0.605 GeoB3129-1 27.63 -1.66 0.92 36.4 4.4 0.63 GeoB3129-1 27.05 -1.81 0.65 35.84 4.62 0.655 GeoB3129-1 27.18 -1.54 0.95 36.46 4.83 0.68 GeoB3129-1 27.32 -1.82 0.7 35.94 5.05 0.705 GeoB3129-1 27.55 -1.59 0.97 36.51 5.27 0.73 GeoB3129-1 26.96 -1.69 0.74 36.03 5.48 0.755 GeoB3129-1 27.24 -1.54 0.95 36.46 5.7 0.78 GeoB3129-1 26.94 -1.67 0.76 36.07 5.92 0.805 GeoB3129-1 27.05 -1.78 0.68 35.9 6.13 0.83 GeoB3129-1 27.55 -1.64 0.91 36.37 6.57 0.88 GeoB3129-1 27.4 -1.6 0.92 36.4 6.75 0.905 GeoB3129-1 27.12 -1.62 0.83 36.21 6.81 0.93 GeoB3129-1 26.54 -1.46 6.87 0.955 GeoB3129-1 26.96 -1.55 0.87 36.29 6.93 0.98 GeoB3129-1 27.16 -1.53 0.93 36.41 7.05 1.03 GeoB3129-1 27.25 -1.52 0.95 36.46 7.16 1.08 GeoB3129-1 27.29 -1.65 0.83 36.2 7.28 1.13 GeoB3129-1 27.92 -1.5 1.11 36.78 7.4 1.18 GeoB3129-1 26.98 -1.63 0.78 36.1 7.56 1.23 GeoB3129-1 27.17 -1.51 0.93 36.42 7.73 1.28 GeoB3129-1 27.23 -1.68 0.76 36.07 7.9 1.33 GeoB3129-1 27.41 -1.54 0.93 36.41 8.06 1.38 GeoB3129-1 27.23 -1.54 0.88 36.32 8.23 1.43 GeoB3129-1 27.05 -1.45 0.91 36.38 8.4 1.48 GeoB3129-1 27.72 -1.42 1.07 36.71 8.57 1.53 GeoB3129-1 27.46 -1.49 0.94 36.45 8.74 1.58 GeoB3129-1 26.96 -1.54 0.75 36.05 8.91 1.63 GeoB3129-1 27.18 -1.5 0.83 36.22 9.08 1.68 GeoB3129-1 27.61 -1.6 0.81 36.16 9.25 1.73 GeoB3129-1 26.96 -1.53 0.75 36.05 9.42 1.78 GeoB3129-1 27.77 -1.26 1.18 36.93 9.59 1.83 GeoB3129-1 27.35 -1.49 0.83 36.22 9.76 1.88 GeoB3129-1 26.89 -1.44 0.77 36.09 9.92 1.93 GeoB3129-1 27.51 -1.39 0.93 36.41 10.09 1.98 GeoB3129-1 27.13 -1.47 0.76 36.06 10.26 2.03 GeoB3129-1 27.47 -1.43 0.85 36.24 10.41 2.08 GeoB3129-1 27.27 -1.43 0.78 36.11 10.5 2.13 GeoB3129-1 27.69 -1.36 0.93 36.41 10.59 2.18 GeoB3129-1 28.75 -1.45 1.03 36.62 10.68 2.23 GeoB3129-1 27.72 -1.41 0.85 36.25 10.76 2.28 GeoB3129-1 27.23 -1.41 0.72 35.98 10.85 2.33 GeoB3129-1 26.45 -1.42 0.54 35.62 10.94 2.38 GeoB3129-1 27.13 -1.24 0.85 36.26 11 2.43 GeoB3129-1 26.74 -1.27 0.73 36 11.04 2.48 GeoB3129-1 26.47 -1.37 0.56 35.66 11.07 2.53 GeoB3129-1 26.98 -1.19 0.85 36.26 11.1 2.58 GeoB3129-1 26.89 -1.17 0.85 36.25 11.14 2.63 GeoB3129-1 27.2 -1.22 0.85 36.26 11.17 2.68 GeoB3129-1 27.25 11.2 2.73 GeoB3129-1 27.68 -1.32 0.85 36.26 11.23 2.78 GeoB3129-1 27.02 -1.15 0.87 36.3 11.27 2.83 GeoB3129-1 26.73 -1.22 0.75 36.05 11.3 2.88 GeoB3129-1 27.18 -1.24 0.81 36.16 11.33 2.93 GeoB3129-1 26.28 -1.07 0.78 36.11 11.37 2.98 GeoB3129-1 26.96 -1.19 0.8 36.15 11.4 3.03 GeoB3129-1 27.59 -1.1 1.01 36.59 11.47 3.08 GeoB3129-1 27.72 -0.93 1.21 36.99 11.69 3.13 GeoB3129-1 27.85 -1.01 1.13 36.83 11.91 3.18 GeoB3129-1 27.95 -1.03 1.13 36.84 12.13 3.23 GeoB3129-1 27.89 -1.1 1.04 36.64 12.35 3.28 GeoB3129-1 27.61 -1.13 0.93 36.41 12.42 3.33 GeoB3129-1 27.39 -1.01 0.99 36.54 12.45 3.38 GeoB3129-1 28.05 -0.85 1.28 37.13 12.48 3.43 GeoB3129-1 27.59 -1.01 1.03 36.62 12.52 3.48 GeoB3129-1 28.24 -0.76 1.4 37.38 12.55 3.53 GeoB3129-1 28.41 -0.98 1.21 37 12.58 3.58 GeoB3129-1 28.2 -1.01 1.14 36.84 12.62 3.63 GeoB3129-1 28.09 -0.85 1.27 37.12 12.65 3.68 GeoB3129-1 27.77 12.68 3.73 GeoB3129-1 28.06 -1.02 1.08 36.73 12.71 3.78 GeoB3129-1 27.43 -0.88 1.09 36.74 12.75 3.83 GeoB3129-1 28.07 -0.73 1.36 37.29 12.78 3.88 GeoB3129-1 27.63 -0.69 1.31 37.19 12.81 3.93 GeoB3129-1 27.02 -0.65 1.22 37.02 12.85 3.98 GeoB3129-1 27.18 -0.77 1.13 36.83 12.88 4.03 GeoB3129-1 27.39 -0.87 1.07 36.7 12.91 4.08 GeoB3129-1 27.43 -0.94 1.01 36.57 12.95 4.13 GeoB3129-1 26.67 -0.95 0.83 36.21 12.98 4.18 GeoB3129-1 26.98 -0.87 0.96 36.48 13.01 4.23 GeoB3129-1 26.91 -1.04 0.78 36.1 13.04 4.28 GeoB3129-1 27.66 -0.89 1.08 36.71 13.08 4.33 GeoB3129-1 27.05 -0.95 0.87 36.29 13.11 4.38 GeoB3129-1 27.19 -0.97 0.87 36.29 13.14 4.43 GeoB3129-1 26.99 -0.56 1.24 37.05 13.18 4.48 GeoB3129-1 26.94 -0.83 0.96 36.47 13.21 4.53 GeoB3129-1 27.11 -0.86 0.96 36.48 13.24 4.58 GeoB3129-1 26.46 -0.85 0.84 36.23 13.27 4.63 GeoB3129-1 27.12 -0.82 1 36.56 13.31 4.68 GeoB3129-1 26.36 -0.91 0.74 36.03 13.34 4.73 GeoB3129-1 26.96 13.37 4.78 GeoB3129-1 26.5 -1.03 0.64 35.81 13.41 4.83 GeoB3129-1 26.5 -0.98 0.67 35.88 13.44 4.88 GeoB3129-1 26.12 -0.87 0.7 35.93 13.49 4.93 GeoB3129-1 26.87 -0.98 0.74 36.03 13.55 4.98 GeoB3129-1 26.72 -0.85 0.83 36.2 13.62 5.03 GeoB3129-1 26.11 -0.79 0.76 36.07 13.69 5.08 GeoB3129-1 26.78 -0.96 0.72 35.98 13.76 5.13 GeoB3129-1 27.04 -0.92 0.8 36.15 13.83 5.18 GeoB3129-1 25.87 -0.92 0.55 35.62 13.9 5.23 GeoB3129-1 26.26 -0.79 0.74 36.03 13.98 5.27 Ti/Ca tie point 25.59 14.16 4.995 Ti/Ca tie point 14.22 5.03 GeoB3911-3 27 -0.87 0.8 36.15 14.3 5.08 GeoB3911-3 26.77 -0.84 0.78 36.11 14.38 5.13 GeoB3911-3 27.08 -0.65 1.04 36.65 14.47 5.18 GeoB3911-3 27.03 -0.64 1.04 36.65 14.55 5.23 GeoB3911-3 27.8 -0.65 1.18 36.94 14.65 5.29 GeoB3911-3 26.7 -0.6 0.99 36.54 14.73 5.34 GeoB3911-3 27.06 -0.76 0.9 36.35 14.8 5.38 GeoB3911-3 26.57 14.82 5.39 GeoB3911-3 26.4 -0.39 1.12 36.81 14.94 5.44 GeoB3911-3 26.09 -0.67 0.75 36.05 15.04 5.49 GeoB3911-3 26.37 -0.58 0.9 36.35 15.13 5.54 GeoB3911-3 27.14 -0.7 0.94 36.43 15.22 5.59 GeoB3911-3 -0.55 15.32 5.64 GeoB3911-3 25.65 -0.65 0.66 35.86 15.41 5.69 GeoB3911-3 25.61 -0.93 0.37 35.27 15.51 5.74 GeoB3911-3 25.52 15.6 5.79 GeoB3911-3 26 -0.3 1.08 36.73 15.62 5.8 GeoB3911-3 26.89 15.7 5.84 GeoB3911-3 26.43 -0.41 1.05 36.66 15.79 5.89 GeoB3911-3 26.19 -0.41 0.98 36.52 15.82 5.905 GeoB3911-3 25.97 -0.27 15.88 5.94 GeoB3911-3 26.41 -0.3 1.13 36.83 15.96 5.98 GeoB3911-3 25.91 -0.17 1.15 36.88 16.01 6.005 GeoB3911-3 26.61 -0.08 16.05 6.03 GeoB3911-3 26.33 -0.27 1.15 36.87 16.1 6.055 GeoB3911-3 26.49 -0.2 16.15 6.08 GeoB3911-3 25.49 -0.15 1.09 36.75 16.19 6.105 GeoB3911-3 26.49 -0.26 1.18 36.94 16.24 6.13 GeoB3911-3 25.72 -0.2 1.08 36.72 16.29 6.155 GeoB3911-3 26.23 -0.2 16.34 6.18 GeoB3911-3 26.78 -0.34 1.16 36.89 16.43 6.23 GeoB3911-3 -0.26 16.48 6.255 GeoB3911-3 -0.23 16.52 6.28 GeoB3911-3 25.36 -0.25 0.94 36.43 16.57 6.305 GeoB3911-3 26.32 -0.2 1.19 36.94 16.62 6.33 GeoB3911-3 25.97 -0.19 1.12 36.82 16.67 6.355 GeoB3911-3 -0.3 16.71 6.38 GeoB3911-3 26 -0.24 1.07 36.71 16.76 6.405 GeoB3911-3 25.68 -0.07 1.16 36.89 16.81 6.43 GeoB3911-3 26.08 -0.13 1.19 36.95 16.85 6.455 GeoB3911-3 -0.06 16.9 6.48 GeoB3911-3 26.49 -0.18 1.22 37.02 17.37 6.505 GeoB3911-3 25.94 -0.03 1.24 37.06 17.83 6.53 GeoB3911-3 23.83 -0.14 0.65 35.85 18.76 6.58 GeoB3911-3 23.84 -0.17 0.62 35.77 19.7 6.63 GeoB3911-3 23.76 -0.07 0.69 35.91 20.07 6.65 GeoB3911-3 24.19 -0.18 0.66 35.87 20.24 6.68 GeoB3911-3 24.33 -0.19 0.7 35.94 20.32 6.705 GeoB3911-3 24.67 -0.23 0.73 36 20.41 6.73 GeoB3911-3 24.93 -0.27 0.74 36.03 20.49 6.755 GeoB3911-3 -0.32 20.57 6.78 GeoB3911-3 24.44 -0.32 0.59 35.71 20.66 6.805 GeoB3911-3 24.9 -0.33 0.68 35.89 20.74 6.83 GeoB3911-3 25.31 -0.42 0.67 35.88