# Line Islands Mg/Ca and sea surface temperature reconstruction in the early and mid-Holocene #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23730 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTalke-synthesis.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTalke-RecordsUsed_Metadata.txt # Description: NOAA location of the associated Collection Metadata file # # # Archive: Paleoceanography # # Dataset_DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: trace metals in carbonates, reconstruction, biomarkers #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-03-11 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-03-11 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Line Islands Mg/Ca and sea surface temperature reconstruction in the early and mid-Holocene #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: White, Sarah M.; Ravelo, A. Christina; Polissar, Pratigya J. #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: # Provided Keywords: ENSO, paleoclimate, foraminifera, tropical Pacific, insolation #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: White, Sarah M., Ravelo, A. Christina, and Polissar, Pratigya J. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018 # Published_Title: Dampened El Niño in the early and mid-Holocene due to insolation-forced warming/deepening of the thermocline # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters # Volume: 45 # Edition: # Issue: 1 # Pages: 316-326 # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1002/2017GL075433 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dominates interannual climate variability; thus, understanding its response to climate forcing is critical. ENSO's sensitivity to changing insolation is poorly understood, due to contrasting interpretations of Holocene proxy records. Some records show dampened ENSO during the early to mid-Holocene, consistent with insolation forcing of ENSO amplitude, but other records emphasize decadal-centennial fluctuations in ENSO strength, with no clear trend. To clarify Holocene ENSO behavior, we collected proxy data spanning the last ~12 kyr and find relatively low El Niño amplitude during the early to mid-Holocene. Our data, together with published work, indicate both a long-term trend in ENSO strength due to June insolation forcing and high-amplitude decadal-centennial fluctuations; both behaviors are shown in models. The best supported mechanism for insolation-driven dampening of ENSO is weakening of the upwelling feedback by insolation-forced warming/deepening of thermocline source waters. Elucidating the thermocline's role will help predict future ENSO change. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: 1405178, 1204254 #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Eastern Equatorial Pacific at 87W # Location: Eastern Pacific Ocean # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 2.25 # Southernmost_Latitude: -3.62 # Easternmost_Longitude: -82.78 # Westernmost_Longitude: -90.95 # Elevation: #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: EEP alkenoneSST compilation White2018 # First_Year: 15000 # Last_Year: 0 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: Age models for individual records are based on radiocarbon or oxygen isotope stratigraphy. The synthesis here bins data into 500-year intervals from 0 to 15 ka. #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## bin_midpt_age age,,,calendar kiloyear before present,,climate reconstructions,,,N,midpoint of age bin ## ME5A-24_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,normalized,,N,temperature normalized to 0-4 ka average; Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average; normalized temperatures were averaged within each age bin; temperatures were taken as originally published ## ME5A-27_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,normalized,,N,temperature normalized to 0-4 ka average; Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average; normalized temperatures were averaged within each age bin; temperatures were taken as originally published ## TR163-19_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,normalized,,N,temperature normalized to 0-4 ka average; Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average; normalized temperatures were averaged within each age bin; temperatures were taken as originally published ## TR163-31_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,normalized,,N,temperature normalized to 0-4 ka average; Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average; normalized temperatures were averaged within each age bin; temperatures were taken as originally published ## TR163-22_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,normalized,,N,temperature normalized to 0-4 ka average; Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average; normalized temperatures were averaged within each age bin; temperatures were taken as originally published ## RC11-238_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,normalized,,N,temperature normalized to 0-4 ka average; Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average; normalized temperatures were averaged within each age bin; temperatures were taken as originally published ## V19-27_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,normalized,,N,temperature normalized to 0-4 ka average; Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average; normalized temperatures were averaged within each age bin; temperatures were taken as originally published ## V19-28_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,normalized,,N,temperature normalized to 0-4 ka average; Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average; normalized temperatures were averaged within each age bin; temperatures were taken as originally published ## V19-30_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,normalized,,N,temperature normalized to 0-4 ka average; Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average; normalized temperatures were averaged within each age bin; temperatures were taken as originally published ## V21-30_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,normalized,,N,temperature normalized to 0-4 ka average; Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average; normalized temperatures were averaged within each age bin; temperatures were taken as originally published ## ODP846_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,normalized,,N,temperature normalized to 0-4 ka average; Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average; normalized temperatures were averaged within each age bin; temperatures were taken as originally published ## all_NORM sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,,,N,average temperature of all records in age bin; average Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average ## std_dev sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,one standard deviation,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,,,N,average temperature of all records in age bin; average Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average ## std_hi sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,one standard deviation upper bound,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,,,N,average temperature of all records in age bin; average Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average ## std_lo sea surface temperature,alkenone unsaturation index,one standard deviation lower bound,degree Celsius,,climate reconstructions,,,N,average temperature of all records in age bin; average Celsius anomaly from 0-4 ka average #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # To learn more about data columns: The Header values tie to the Collection IDs in the Records Used Metadata file # Missing Value: NA bin_midpt_age ME5A-24_NORM ME5A-27_NORM TR163-19_NORM TR163-31_NORM TR163-22_NORM RC11-238_NORM V19-27_NORM V19-28_NORM V19-30_NORM V21-30_NORM ODP846_NORM all_NORM std_dev std_hi std_lo 0.250 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.750 NA NA NA NA 0.080 NA 0.638 NA NA NA NA 0.359 0.395 0.557 0.162 1.250 0.208 -0.075 -0.123 NA 0.380 NA 0.318 NA 0.029 NA NA 0.123 0.210 0.228 0.018 1.750 0.058 -0.090 NA NA NA NA -0.202 0.263 0.367 NA NA 0.079 0.237 0.198 -0.039 2.250 0.538 0.255 0.457 NA 0.380 NA -0.032 NA -0.204 0.034 NA 0.204 0.277 0.342 0.066 2.750 -0.132 NA 0.017 NA NA NA NA -0.008 NA NA NA -0.041 0.079 -0.001 -0.081 3.250 -0.372 NA 0.017 NA -0.420 NA -0.362 NA 0.105 0.015 NA -0.169 0.239 -0.050 -0.289 3.750 -0.302 NA -0.243 NA -0.420 NA NA -0.255 -0.326 -0.025 NA -0.262 0.132 -0.196 -0.328 4.250 -0.172 -0.445 -0.483 NA NA NA -0.462 NA -0.488 -0.182 NA -0.372 0.152 -0.296 -0.448 4.750 NA NA -0.123 NA -0.620 0.000 -1.052 -0.369 NA -0.122 NA -0.381 0.396 -0.183 -0.579 5.250 -0.042 -0.195 NA NA -0.220 -0.013 -0.157 NA -0.107 -0.304 NA -0.148 0.103 -0.097 -0.200 5.750 -0.642 0.045 NA 0.225 -0.420 -0.377 -0.692 NA 0.000 -0.032 0.000 -0.210 0.329 -0.046 -0.375 6.250 NA -0.335 -0.333 0.520 NA -0.171 NA -0.053 NA -0.009 NA -0.064 0.317 0.095 -0.222 6.750 NA -0.315 NA 0.430 -0.220 NA NA -0.196 -0.292 -0.110 NA -0.117 0.278 0.022 -0.256 7.250 -0.542 0.235 -0.363 0.195 -0.320 -0.214 NA NA 0.188 -0.189 NA -0.126 0.295 0.021 -0.274 7.750 -0.937 -0.260 NA -0.310 -0.320 -0.683 -0.442 -0.245 -0.207 -0.130 NA -0.392 0.259 -0.263 -0.522 8.250 -1.162 -0.315 NA 0.850 NA -0.467 NA NA NA -0.214 0.100 -0.201 0.664 0.131 -0.533 8.750 -1.222 -0.825 -0.303 NA -0.470 NA -0.392 -0.516 -0.220 -0.153 NA -0.513 0.354 -0.336 -0.689 9.250 -1.342 NA NA 0.480 NA NA NA NA -0.288 0.107 NA -0.261 0.786 0.132 -0.654 9.750 NA -0.775 NA 0.350 -0.420 -1.014 NA -0.382 -0.317 -0.464 NA -0.432 0.425 -0.219 -0.644 10.250 -1.362 NA -0.513 0.300 -0.420 NA -0.622 -0.237 NA -0.559 NA -0.488 0.496 -0.240 -0.735 10.750 -1.507 -0.505 NA -0.250 -0.820 -0.871 -0.642 -0.451 -0.706 -0.458 0.200 -0.601 0.444 -0.379 -0.823 11.250 -1.945 -0.615 NA -0.280 NA NA -1.122 -0.769 -1.325 -0.472 NA -0.932 0.575 -0.645 -1.220 11.750 -1.752 -0.865 -0.653 -0.830 -1.520 -1.622 NA -1.508 NA -0.712 NA -1.183 0.457 -0.954 -1.411 12.250 -2.235 -1.290 NA -0.350 -2.020 NA -1.142 -1.573 -1.571 -1.041 NA -1.403 0.592 -1.107 -1.699 12.750 -2.242 -1.120 NA NA -1.720 -1.688 NA -1.614 -1.330 -0.876 NA -1.513 0.449 -1.289 -1.737 13.250 -2.194 -1.670 -1.423 -0.930 -1.620 NA NA -1.607 -1.411 -0.800 -1.000 -1.406 0.438 -1.187 -1.625 13.750 -1.962 -1.665 NA -0.670 -1.720 NA -1.082 -1.483 -1.362 -1.013 NA -1.369 0.426 -1.156 -1.583 14.250 -1.817 -1.495 NA -0.860 NA NA NA -1.985 -1.441 -1.093 NA -1.448 0.424 -1.236 -1.660 14.750 -1.925 -1.735 -1.303 -1.000 -2.420 NA NA -1.717 -1.289 -0.788 NA -1.522 0.530 -1.257 -1.787