# Northern Hemisphere Benthic Foraminiferal Trace Metals and Stable Isotopes Data from the late Pliocene and the Holocene to the Last Glacial Maximum
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#               World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#                                   and
#                      NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
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# NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed.
#
# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
#
# Online_Resource: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17351
# Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/woodard2014/woodard2014-chn82-63.txt
#
# Archive: Paleoceanography
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# Contribution_Date
#    Date: 2014-10-24
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# Title: Northern Hemisphere Benthic Foraminiferal Trace Metals and Stable Isotopes from the late Pliocene and the Holocene to the Last Glacial Maximum
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# Investigators
#      Investigators: Woodard, Stella C.; Rosenthal, Yair; Miller, Kenneth G.; Wright, James D.; Chiu, Beverly K.; Lawrence, Kira T.
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# Description and Notes
#        Description: All data was generated using benthic foraminifera Uvigerina sp. Records are not necessarily continuous.
#---------------------------------------
# Publication
# Authors: Woodard, Stella C.; Rosenthal, Yair; Miller, Kenneth G.; Wright, James D.; Chiu, Beverly K.; Lawrence, Kira T.
# Published_Date_or_Year: 2014
# Published_Title: Antarctic Role in Northern Hemisphere Glaciation
# Journal_Name: Science
# Volume: 
# Issue: ScienceExpress
# Pages: 
# Report Number: 
# DOI: 10.1126/science.1255586
# Abstract: Earth’s climate underwent a major transition from the warmth of the late Pliocene, when global surface temperatures were ~2-3°C higher than today, to extensive Northern Hemisphere glaciation (NHG) at ~2.73 Ma. We show that North Pacific deep waters were significantly colder (4oC) and likely fresher than North Atlantic deep water prior to the intensification of NHG. At ~2.73 Ma, the Atlantic-Pacific temperature gradient was reduced to <1°C suggesting the initiation of stronger heat transfer from the North Atlantic to the deep Pacific. We posit that increased glaciation of Antarctica, deduced from the 21±10 m sea-level fall from 3.15-2.75 Ma, and the development of a strong polar halocline, fundamentally altered deep ocean circulation, which enhanced inter-hemispheric heat and salt transport thereby contributing to the NHG.
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# Funding_Agency
#    Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation
#    Grant: MG&G 1334691
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# Site Information
# Site_Name: CHN82-63
# Location: North Atlantic Ocean
# Country: 
# Northernmost_Latitude: 43.0
# Southernmost_Latitude: 43.0
# Easternmost_Longitude: -31.0
# Westernmost_Longitude: -31.0
# Elevation: -3406
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# Data_Collection
#   Collection_Name: CHN82-63 Holocene TM Wo14
#   First_Year: 25300
#   Last_Year: 9200
#   Time_Unit: cal yr BP
#   Core_Length: 
#   Notes:
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# Chronology: 
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# Variables
# Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
## depth_m  Depth,,,revised meters composite depth,,,,,N
## age_calkaBP  Age,,,kiloyears before present,,,,,N
## Mg/Ca-uvige  Magnesium/Calcium,Uvigerina sp,,mmol/mol,,,,analytical technique: inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy,N
## Fe/Ca-uvige  Iron/Calcium,Uvigerina sp,,umol/mol,,,,analytical technique: inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy,N
## Al/Ca-uvige  Aluminum/Calcium,Uvigerina sp,,umol/mol,,,,analytical technique: inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy,N
## notes  ,,,,,,,,C
# Data
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Value: NaN
depth_m	age_calkaBP	Mg/Ca-uvige	Fe/Ca-uvige	Al/Ca-uvige	notes	
0.22	9.2	1.26	55	9	CHN82-23 22-24
0.22	9.2	1.47	22	36	CHN82-23 22-24R
0.25	10.4	1.19	13	55	CHN82-23 25
0.31	14.2	1.26	15	20	CHN82-23 31-33
0.38	18.7	1.19	59	146	CHN82-23 38-40
0.44	21.6	0.93	15	26	CHN82-23 44-47
0.5	24.1	0.84	6	5	CHN82-23 50
0.5	24.1	0.85	44	90	CHN82-23 50R
0.53	25.3	1.08	13	14	CHN82-23 53-55