Lead in Corals Data
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                NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
                               and
         World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
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NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!!


NAME OF DATA SET: Lead in Corals Data
LAST UPDATE: 11/2004 (Original Receipt by WDC Paleo)

CONTRIBUTOR: Glen Shen, University of Washington
IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2004-096

SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Shen, G.T. and E.A. Boyle. 2004.
Lead in Corals Data.
IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology 
Data Contribution Series #2004-096. 
NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. 


ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Shen, G.T. and E.A. Boyle. 1987. 
Lead in corals: reconstruction of historical industrial fluxes 
to the surface ocean.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters 82: 289-304. 


GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans
PERIOD OF RECORD: 1698-1983  AD

  
DESCRIPTION:
Lead concentration data from annually-banded scleractinian corals,
illustrating anthropogenic Pb increases in the surface ocean.

Sites:
North Atlantic Ocean:
Bermuda, North Rock              32 deg. 29'N,  64 deg. 48'W   10 m. depth   Diploria strigosa  
Bermuda, Southern Preserve       32 deg. 19'N,  64 deg. 41'W    9 m. depth   Diploria strigosa  
Florida, Hens & Chickens Reef    24 deg. 57'N,  80 deg. 33'W    4 m. depth   Montastrea annularis

Pacific Ocean:
Galapagos, San Cristobal Island   0 deg. 45'S,  89 deg. 36'W   15 m. depth   Pavona clavus
Tutuila, Aunuu                   14 deg. 20'S, 170 deg. 40'W    5 m. depth   Hydnophora microconos
Fiji, Suva                       18 deg. 07'S, 178 deg. 27'E    5 m. depth   Platgyra rustica

Indian Ocean:
Mauritius                        20 deg.  0'S,  57 deg. 30'E   ?? m. depth   Platgyra rustica




DATA:
Florida Straits, M. annularis Pb/Ca

Column 1:  Year
Column 2: [Pb]/[Ca] x 10e-9
Column 3:  n, number of samples
Column 4:  standard deviation among multiple measurements


 Year      Pb/Ca   n    std.dev
1698-99      8.9   3     0.6
1876-80      8.7   2     0.6
1906-10      9.3   5     1.5
1920-22      8.0   3     0.6
1923-25      9.8   3     1.7
1926-29     12.1   4     1.3
1930-32     12.0   1
1933-35     10.0   3     1.5
   1944     15.4   3     3.0
   1948     14.6   5     2.7
   1952     20.7   6     1.5
   1954     23.9   3     3.6
   1960     23.7   3     2.2
   1961     23.8   3     2.0
   1962     31.2   3     4.0
   1963     28.7   2     1.0
   1966     30.7   3     0.6
   1968     31.4   3     1.8
   1974     38.3   3     0.5
   1975     36.7   5     3.1
1975-76     35.4   2     1.9
   1976     39.5   1
1976-77     40.6   2     1.2
   1977     44.9   2     1.2
   1978     40.9   3     1.4
   1979     38.9   3     1.4
   1980     37.2   3     0.9
   1981     36.2   3     0.8
   1982     32.7   3     1.6