# Kure Atoll, Hawaiian Archipelago Radiocarbon Data from 1939-2002 AD #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21192 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/andrews2016-rc/andrews2016-rc-kure.txt # # Archive: Corals and Sclerosponges # # Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, chemistry #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-01-12 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Kure Atoll, Hawaiian Archipelago Radiocarbon Data from 1939-2002 AD #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Andrews, Allen H.; Siciliano, Daria; Potts, Donald C.; DeMartini, Edward E.; Covarrubias, Stephannie #--------------------------------------- # Description and Notes # Description: Carbon isotope (D14C) data for years 1939-2002 from a Porites evermanni coral core collected from the backreef of Kure Atoll at depths from 2-4 m. # Provided Keywords: carbon-14, snapper, grouper, age validation, North Pacific Gyre, oceanography #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Andrews, A.H., D. Siciliano, D.C. Potts, E.E. DeMartini, and S. Covarrubias # Published_Date_or_Year: 2016 # Published_Title: Bomb radiocarbon and the Hawaiian Archipelago: Coral, otoliths and seawater # Journal_Name: Radiocarbon # Volume: 58 # Edition: # Issue: 3 # Pages: 531-548 # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2016.32 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Corals of the Hawaiian Archipelago are well situated in the North Pacific Gyre (NPG) to record how bomb-produced radiocarbon (14C) has been sequestered and transported by the sea. While this signal can be traced accurately through time in reef-building corals and used to infer oceanographic processes and determine the ages of marine organisms, a comprehensive and validated record has been lacking for the Hawaiian Archipelago. In this study, a coral core from Kure Atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands was used to create a high-resolution bomb 14C record for the years 1939–2002, and was then used with other 14C measurements in fish otoliths and seawater to explore differences and similarities in the bomb 14C signal throughout the Hawaiian Archipelago. The Kure Atoll sample series produced a well-defined bomb 14C curve that, with some exceptions, was similar to other coral 14C records from the Hawaiian Archipelago. Subtle differences in the coral 14C records across the region may be explained by the large-scale ocean circulation patterns and decadal cycles of the NPG. The most rapid increase of 14C, in the 1950s and 1960s, showed similar timing across the Hawaiian Archipelago and provides a robust basis for use of bomb 14C dating to obtain high precision age determinations of marine organisms. Reference otoliths of juvenile fish demonstrated the use of the post-peak 14C decline period as a viable reference in the age validation of younger and more recently collected fishes, and effectively extended the utility of bomb 14C dating to the latest 30 years. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Marine Fisheries Service # Grant: #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Kure Atoll # Location: Hawaiian Archipelago # Country: USA # Northernmost_Latitude: 28.3928 # Southernmost_Latitude: 28.3928 # Easternmost_Longitude: -178.3258 # Westernmost_Longitude: -178.3258 # Elevation: -3 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Kure 14C Andrews16 # First_Year: 1939 # Last_Year: 2002 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## sampID Sample ID,,,,,corals and sclerosponges,,,C ## age_AD age, , , AD, , , , ,N ## fracmod Fraction modern, , , , ,corals and sclerosponges, , ,N ## D14Ccorr Delta 14C,calcium carbonate,,per mil,,corals and sclerosponges,,t-corrected,N ## D14Ccorr_err Delta 14C,calcium carbonate,error,per mil, ,corals and sclerosponges, , ,N #------------------------ # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: NA sampID age_AD fracmod D14Ccorr D14Ccorr_err k245 2002.50 1.0890 82.11 2.4 k244 2002.25 1.0907 83.83 2.2 k243 2002.00 1.0949 88.03 2.2 k001 2001.66 1.0910 84.20 2.8 k242 2001.33 1.0896 82.86 2.4 k241 2001.00 1.0906 83.89 2.3 k240 2000.75 1.0963 89.59 3.8 k239 2000.50 1.0889 82.27 2.5 k238 2000.25 1.1036 96.91 3.7 k237 2000.00 1.0903 83.73 2.5 k236 1999.75 1.0952 88.63 2.2 k002 1999.50 1.0949 88.36 2.8 k235 1999.25 1.1072 100.62 4 k234 1999.00 1.0996 93.10 2.8 k233 1998.75 1.0993 92.84 3.2 k232 1998.50 1.0909 84.52 2.5 k231 1998.25 1.1112 104.73 2.9 k230 1998.00 1.0983 91.94 5.7 k229 1997.75 1.0984 92.07 2.6 k003 1997.50 1.1050 98.67 2.8 k228 1997.25 1.1022 95.92 2.2 k227 1997.00 1.0967 90.48 6.2 k226 1996.66 1.1075 101.27 2.6 k225 1996.33 1.0961 89.97 3 k224 1996.00 1.1215 115.28 2.5 k223 1995.83 1.1020 95.91 3.2 k222 1995.67 1.1123 106.17 2.5 k004 1995.50 1.1124 106.29 3.5 k221 1995.33 1.1236 117.46 2.6 k220 1995.17 1.0983 92.32 2.2 k219 1995.00 1.1227 116.61 2.5 k218 1994.75 1.1126 106.59 3.4 k217 1994.50 1.1188 112.79 3.6 k216 1994.25 1.1099 103.98 3.5 k215 1994.00 1.1152 109.28 2.5 k005 1993.80 1.1200 114.08 3.3 k214 1993.60 1.1212 115.30 3.1 k213 1993.40 1.1033 97.52 3.7 k212 1993.20 1.1027 96.95 3.8 k211 1993.00 1.1111 105.34 2.2 k210 1992.66 1.1243 118.51 2.5 k209 1992.33 1.1146 108.91 3.8 k208 1992.00 1.1237 118.01 2.5 k006 1991.66 1.1287 123.03 2.9 k207 1991.33 1.1233 117.70 4.2 k206 1991.00 1.1308 125.21 3.6 k205 1990.80 1.1285 122.94 2.6 k204 1990.60 1.1126 107.15 2.2 k203 1990.40 1.1362 130.66 3.4 k202 1990.20 1.1213 115.86 3.4 k201 1990.00 1.1347 129.22 2.5 k007 1989.75 1.1292 123.78 2.9 k200 1989.50 1.1504 144.92 2.5 k199 1989.25 1.1292 123.85 2.5 k198 1989.00 1.1331 127.77 2.7 k197 1988.75 1.1301 124.82 2.7 k196 1988.50 1.1420 136.69 3.6 k195 1988.25 1.1259 120.70 2.4 k250 1988.00 1.1296 124.42 2.6 k249 1987.75 1.1308 125.65 2.4 k248 1987.50 1.1400 134.84 2.8 k247 1987.25 1.1397 134.58 2.8 k246 1987.00 1.1284 123.36 2.5 k008 1986.75 1.1414 136.34 3.7 k193 1986.50 1.1490 143.94 2.6 k192 1986.25 1.1515 146.46 4.5 k191 1986.00 1.1346 129.67 2.9 k190 1985.75 1.1459 140.96 5.7 k189 1985.50 1.1387 133.82 3.4 k188 1985.25 1.1509 146.00 3.6 k187 1985.00 1.1431 138.27 2.6 k009 1984.75 1.1489 144.08 2.8 k186 1984.50 1.1463 141.53 3.2 k185 1984.25 1.1612 156.40 4.5 k184 1984.00 1.1496 144.88 2.8 k183 1983.80 1.1486 143.91 5 k182 NA 0.0000 NA 0 k181 1983.40 1.1556 150.94 5.5 k180 1983.20 1.1469 142.30 2.6 k010 1983.00 1.1427 138.15 2.9 k179 1982.66 1.1627 158.12 3.5 k178 1982.33 1.1579 153.38 4.2 k177 1982.00 1.1579 153.43 2.8 k176 1981.80 1.1482 143.79 3.7 k175 1981.60 1.1495 145.11 2.9 k174 1981.40 1.1513 146.94 4.5 k173 1981.20 1.1605 156.13 2.3 k011 1981.00 1.1481 143.80 3.3 k172 1980.75 1.1621 157.79 3.1 k171 1980.50 1.1519 147.66 3 k170 1980.25 1.1623 158.05 2.6 k169 1980.00 1.1564 152.21 3.2 k168 1979.66 1.1681 163.92 2.4 k167 1979.33 1.1532 149.12 3.3 k166 1979.00 1.1719 167.80 2.3 k012 1978.66 1.1638 159.77 3.7 k165 1978.33 1.1642 160.22 2.4 k164 1978.00 1.1676 163.65 2.3 k163 1977.75 1.1726 168.67 2.8 k162 1977.50 1.1554 151.56 3 k161 1977.25 1.1599 156.08 2.5 k160 1977.00 1.1633 159.51 2.3 k159 1976.75 1.1738 170.01 2.9 k013 1976.50 1.1764 172.64 2.9 k158 1976.25 1.1724 168.68 2.3 k157 1976.00 1.1701 166.43 2.4 k156 1975.80 1.1706 166.95 2.5 k155 1975.60 1.1752 171.57 2.9 k154 1975.40 1.1777 174.09 2.3 k153 1975.20 1.1741 170.53 3 k152 1975.00 1.1720 168.46 2.4 k014 1974.66 1.1811 177.58 3.2 k151 1974.33 1.1824 178.93 2.7 k150 1974.00 1.1759 172.49 2.8 k149 1973.75 1.1781 174.72 2.3 k148 1973.50 1.1723 168.97 2.8 k147 1973.25 1.1824 179.08 2.4 k146 1973.00 1.1652 161.96 2.3 k145 1972.80 1.1754 172.16 2.3 k015 1972.60 1.1742 170.99 2.9 k144 1972.40 1.1781 174.91 2.3 k143 1972.20 1.1693 166.16 2.3 k142 1972.00 1.1657 162.60 2.5 k141 1971.75 1.1633 160.24 3 k140 1971.50 1.1763 173.24 3.8 k139 1971.25 1.1745 171.48 2.4 k138 1971.00 1.1614 158.45 2.6 k016 1970.75 1.1582 155.30 3 k137 1970.50 1.1580 155.13 3.8 k136 1970.25 1.1576 154.77 2.9 k135 1970.00 1.1448 142.03 2.8 k017 1969.75 1.1524 149.65 2.9 k134 1969.50 1.1525 149.78 2.8 k133 1969.25 1.1427 140.04 4.1 k132 1969.00 1.1563 153.65 2.9 k018 1968.66 1.1589 156.29 2.9 k131 1968.33 1.1478 145.26 4.2 k130 1968.00 1.1329 130.44 2.9 k129 1967.75 1.1435 141.05 3 k019 1967.50 1.1398 137.39 3.9 k128 1967.25 1.1253 122.95 2.9 k127 1967.00 1.1087 106.42 2.7 k126 1966.75 1.1206 118.33 3.3 k020 1966.50 1.1265 124.25 2.8 k125 1966.25 1.1110 108.82 4.3 k124 1966.00 1.1059 103.76 2.5 k123 1965.80 1.1153 113.17 3.1 k021 1965.60 1.1085 106.41 3.5 k122 1965.40 1.1057 103.64 2.5 k121 1965.20 1.0891 87.10 3.1 k120 1965.00 1.0877 85.73 2.7 k022 1964.75 1.1020 100.04 2.8 k022.3 1964.50 1.0847 82.80 2.7 k022.2 1964.25 1.0733 71.45 2.7 k022.1 1964.00 1.0652 63.40 2.7 k023 1963.75 1.0575 55.74 2.6 k119 1963.50 1.0606 58.87 3.4 k118 1963.25 1.0331 31.45 4.1 k117 1963.00 1.0204 18.80 2.3 k024 1962.75 1.0116 10.04 2.5 k116 1962.50 1.0186 17.06 2.3 k115 1962.25 1.0100 8.50 3 k114 1962.00 1.0047 3.24 2.5 k025 1961.75 0.9950 -6.41 3 k113 1961.50 1.0054 4.00 2.3 k112 1961.25 0.9961 -5.25 2.2 k111 1961.00 0.9955 -5.82 2.9 k026 1960.75 0.9888 -12.48 2.5 k110 1960.50 1.0019 0.63 2.4 k109 1960.25 0.9935 -7.73 3.1 k108 1960.00 0.9860 -15.19 2.2 k027 1959.66 0.9908 -10.36 2.4 k107 1959.33 0.9906 -10.52 2.3 k106 1959.00 0.9777 -23.36 2.2 k105 1958.75 0.9767 -24.33 2.3 k028 1958.50 0.9745 -26.50 2.5 k104 1958.25 0.9677 -33.27 2.4 k103 1958.00 0.9664 -34.53 2.2 k102 1957.75 0.9690 -31.91 2.2 k029 1957.50 0.9648 -36.07 2.9 k101 1957.25 0.9555 -45.34 2.7 k100 1957.00 0.9615 -39.31 2.3 k099 1956.80 0.9607 -40.09 2.1 k030 1956.60 0.9611 -39.67 2.3 k098 1956.40 0.9545 -46.24 2.4 k097 1956.20 0.9474 -53.31 2.1 k096 1956.00 0.9513 -49.39 2.1 k031 1955.66 0.9590 -41.66 2.8 k095 1955.33 0.9539 -46.71 2.1 k094 1955.00 0.9547 -45.88 2.3 k093 1954.75 0.9512 -49.35 2.3 k032 1954.50 0.9345 -66.01 2.6 k092 1954.25 0.9527 -47.79 2.1 k091 1954.00 0.9444 -56.06 2.7 k090 1953.80 0.9420 -58.43 3 k033 1953.60 0.9489 -51.51 3.6 k089 1953.40 0.9500 -50.39 2.6 k088 1953.20 0.9444 -55.97 3.8 k087 1953.00 0.9501 -50.24 3.3 k034 1952.75 0.9487 -51.62 2.5 k086 1952.50 0.9558 -44.49 2.7 k085 1952.25 0.9522 -48.06 2 k084 1952.00 0.9565 -43.73 2.3 k083 1951.75 0.9503 -49.90 2.3 k082 1951.50 0.9519 -48.27 2.3 k081 1951.25 0.9546 -45.54 2 k080 1951.00 0.9529 -47.22 2.1 k035 1950.75 0.9465 -53.59 2.5 k079 1950.50 0.9531 -46.96 2 k078 1950.25 0.9535 -46.53 2.9 k077 1950.00 0.9547 -45.30 2.6 k076 1949.75 0.9412 -58.77 3.7 k075 1949.50 0.9535 -46.44 2.1 k074 1949.25 0.9512 -48.71 3.4 k073 1949.00 0.9502 -49.69 2.4 k036 1948.75 0.9561 -43.76 3.5 k072 1948.50 0.9528 -47.03 2.1 k071 1948.25 0.9470 -52.80 2.2 k070 1948.00 0.9477 -52.07 2 k037 1947.75 0.9494 -50.34 3.3 k069 1947.50 0.9496 -50.11 2.2 k068 1947.25 0.9496 -50.08 2 k067 1947.00 0.9524 -47.25 2 k066 1946.75 0.9504 -49.23 2.9 k065 1946.50 0.9518 -47.80 2.2 k064 1946.25 0.9505 -49.07 2.2 k063 1946.00 0.9564 -43.14 2.3 k038 1945.75 0.9529 -46.61 2.5 k062 1945.50 0.9516 -47.88 3.7 k061 1945.25 0.9534 -46.05 2.4 k060 1945.00 0.9522 -47.22 2.3 k059 1944.75 0.9505 -48.90 4.7 k058 1944.50 0.9491 -50.27 2.4 k057 1944.25 0.9559 -43.43 3.2 k056 1944.00 0.9526 -46.71 2.1 k039 1943.66 0.9554 -43.87 2.4 k055 1943.33 0.9522 -47.03 2.4 k054 1943.00 0.9560 -43.19 2.3 k053 1942.75 0.9517 -47.47 2.4 k052 1942.50 0.9462 -52.94 2.8 k051 1942.25 0.9522 -46.91 3 k050 1942.00 0.9516 -47.48 2.1 k049 1941.50 0.9525 -45.82 2 k040 1941.25 0.9532 -43.99 2.3 k048 1941.00 0.9546 -45.86 2.1 k047 1940.75 0.9547 -43.83 2 k046 1940.50 0.9526 -46.50 2.2 k045 1940.25 0.9545 -44.37 1.9 k044 1940.00 0.9524 -46.25 1.9 k043 1939.75 0.9551 -44.12 1.9 k042 1939.50 0.9531 -44.19 1.9 k041 1939.75 0.9550 -46.32 1.9