# Kiritimati Island 2015/16 El Nino Coral and Seawater Oxygen Isotope Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/28291 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/kiritimati2021bottle-sal.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Data_Type: Corals and Sclerosponges # # Dataset_DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes, sea surface temperature, salinity #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2021-04-24 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2021-04-24 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Kiritimati Island 2015/16 El Nino Coral and Seawater Oxygen Isotope Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: O'Connor, G.K.; Cobb, K.M.; Sayani, H.R.; Atwood, A.T.; Grothe, P.R.; Stevenson, S.; Baum, J.K.; Chen, T.; Claar, D.C.; Hitt, N.T.; Lynch-Stieglitz, J.; Schmidt, G.A.; Walter, R. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This dataset contains modern coral oxygen isotope (d18O) data from Kiritimati Island covering the 2015/16 El Nino Event, plus in situ logger data (sea surface temperature and salinity) as well as in situ seawater bottle sample data (salinity and d18O). #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: O'Connor, G.K., Cobb, K.M., Sayani, H.R., Atwood, A.T., Grothe, P.R., Stevenson, S., Baum, J.K., Chen, T., Claar, D.C., Hitt, N.T., Lynch-Stieglitz, J., Schmidt, G.A., Walter, R. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2021 submitted # Published_Title: Coral oxygen isotope and in situ records capture the 2015/2016 El Nino event in the central equatorial Pacific # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Coral oxygen isotopes (d18O) from the central equatorial Pacific provide monthly-resolved records of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity over past centuries to millennia. However, calibration studies using in situ data to assess the relative contributions of warming and freshening to coral d18O records are exceedingly rare. Furthermore, the fidelity of coral d18O records under the most severe thermal stress events is difficult to assess. Here, we present six coral d18O records and in situ temperature, salinity, and seawater d18O data from Kiritimati Island (2N, 157W) spanning the very strong 2015/16 El Nino event. Local sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies of +2.4+/-0.4C and seawater d18O anomalies of -0.19+/-0.02 per mil contribute to the observed coral d18O anomalies of -0.58+/-0.05 per mil, consistent with a ~70% contribution from SST and ~30% from seawater d18O. Our results demonstrate that Kiritimati coral d18O records can provide reliable reconstructions even during the largest class of El Nino events. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 1502832, 1658182, 1635068, 1836645, 1446343, 1446274 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Kiritimati Island # Location: Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Central Pacific Ocean>Kiribati # Country: Republic of Kiribati # Northernmost_Latitude: 1.93 # Southernmost_Latitude: 1.93 # Easternmost_Longitude: -157.48 # Westernmost_Longitude: -157.48 # Elevation: -4 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Kiritimati2021bottle-salinity # Earliest_Year: 1997 # Most_Recent_Year: 2017 # Time_Unit: Year CE # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # ## age_CE age, , , year Common Era, , instrumental, , ,N, ## salinity salinity, sea water,,practical salinity unit,,instrumental,,,N, # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: Nan # age_CE salinity 2016.9 35.15 2016.9 35.12 2016.9 35.1 2016.9 35.08 2016.9 35.11 2016.9 35.12 2016.9 35.13 2016.9 35.09 2016.9 35.12 2016.9 35.14 2016.25 34.97 2016.25 34.97 2016.25 34.59 2016.25 34.58 2016.25 35.11 2016.25 35.07 2016.25 35.12 2016.25 35.16 2016.25 35.12 2016.25 35.17 2016.25 35.16 2016.24 35.22 2016.24 35.22 2016.24 35.22 2016.24 35.24 2016.24 35.22 2016.24 34.42 2016.24 34.39 2016.24 35.17 2016.24 35.18 2016.24 35.17 2016.24 35.16 2016.24 34.91 2016.24 34.92 2016.21 35.43 2016.21 35.48 2016.21 35.47 2015.88 34.53 2015.88 34.47 2015.88 34.88 2015.88 33.53 2015.88 34.79 2015.88 34.59 2015.87 34.71 2015.85 33.91 2015.85 34.62 2015.85 34.59 2015.85 34.62 2015.85 34.69 2015.85 34.04 2015.85 34.6 2015.85 34.55 2015.85 34.52 2015.85 34.39 2015.85 34.54 2015.85 34.62 2015.85 34.06 2015.85 34.07 2015.85 34.54 2015.85 32.97 2015.85 34.45 2015.85 34.21 2015.85 34.63 2015.85 34.67 2015.85 34.47 2015.85 33.35 2015.84 34.59 2015.82 34.38 2015.81 34.79 2015.8 35.02 2015.78 34.49 2015.78 34.12 2015.76 35.13 2015.75 35.09 2015.72 35.35 2015.72 35.32 2015.68 35.29 2015.67 35.09 2015.67 35.21 2015.64 34.78 2015.63 35.18 2015.62 35.35 2015.58 35.31 2015.22 35.37 2015.22 35.44 2015.22 35.42 2015.22 35.33 2015.22 35.31 2015.22 35.32 2015.22 35.33 2015.02 35.33 2015 35.26 2014.99 35.29 2014.96 35.29 2014.96 35.4 2014.88 35.4 2014.84 35.53 2014.82 35.49 2014.79 35.74 2014.71 35.19 2014.7 35.35 2014.7 35.35 2014.7 35.5 2014.7 35.34 2014.7 35.26 2014.7 35.26 2014.7 35.26 2014.7 35.29 2014.7 35.27 2014.7 35.25 2014.7 35.46 2014.7 35.25 2014.7 35.24 2014.7 35.35 2014.7 35.2 2014.7 35.5 2014.69 35.63 2014.68 35.3 2014.68 35.39 2014.68 35.4 2014.68 35.34 2014.68 35.46 2014.68 35.41 2014.68 35.37 2014.68 35.28 2014.68 35.36 2014.68 35.36 2014.68 35.34 2014.68 35.35 2014.68 35.42 2014.68 35.41 2014.68 35.4 2014.68 35.97 2014.68 35.4 2014.68 35.39 2014.68 35.38 2014.68 35.4 2014.68 35.42 2014.68 35.24 2014.68 35.22 2014.68 35.11 2014.68 35.05 2014.67 35.55 2014.65 35.15 2014.63 35.29 2014.61 35.47 2014.59 35.45 2014.58 35.83 1997.88 34.115 1997.88 34.117 1997.88 34.119 1997.88 34.118 1997.88 34.19 1997.88 34.124 1997.87 34.24 1997.87 34.221 1997.87 34.267 1997.87 34.264 1997.87 34.217 1997.87 34.207 1997.87 34.096 1997.87 34.078 1997.87 34.07 1997.86 34.227 1997.86 34.22 1997.86 34.232 1997.86 34.225 1997.86 34.428 1997.86 34.302 1997.86 34.282 1997.86 34.272 1997.85 34.059 1997.85 34.008 1997.85 34.055 1997.78 34.065 1997.78 34.053