# Kiritimati Island 2015/16 El Nino Coral and Seawater Oxygen Isotope Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/28291 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/kiritimati2021ctd.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Data_Type: Corals and Sclerosponges # # Dataset_DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes, sea surface temperature, salinity #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2021-04-24 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2021-04-24 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Kiritimati Island 2015/16 El Nino Coral and Seawater Oxygen Isotope Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: O'Connor, G.K.; Cobb, K.M.; Sayani, H.R.; Atwood, A.T.; Grothe, P.R.; Stevenson, S.; Baum, J.K.; Chen, T.; Claar, D.C.; Hitt, N.T.; Lynch-Stieglitz, J.; Schmidt, G.A.; Walter, R. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This dataset contains modern coral oxygen isotope (d18O) data from Kiritimati Island covering the 2015/16 El Nino Event, plus in situ logger data (sea surface temperature and salinity) as well as in situ seawater bottle sample data (salinity and d18O). #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: O'Connor, G.K., Cobb, K.M., Sayani, H.R., Atwood, A.T., Grothe, P.R., Stevenson, S., Baum, J.K., Chen, T., Claar, D.C., Hitt, N.T., Lynch-Stieglitz, J., Schmidt, G.A., Walter, R. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2021 submitted # Published_Title: Coral oxygen isotope and in situ records capture the 2015/2016 El Nino event in the central equatorial Pacific # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Coral oxygen isotopes (d18O) from the central equatorial Pacific provide monthly-resolved records of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity over past centuries to millennia. However, calibration studies using in situ data to assess the relative contributions of warming and freshening to coral d18O records are exceedingly rare. Furthermore, the fidelity of coral d18O records under the most severe thermal stress events is difficult to assess. Here, we present six coral d18O records and in situ temperature, salinity, and seawater d18O data from Kiritimati Island (2N, 157W) spanning the very strong 2015/16 El Nino event. Local sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies of +2.4+/-0.4C and seawater d18O anomalies of -0.19+/-0.02 per mil contribute to the observed coral d18O anomalies of -0.58+/-0.05 per mil, consistent with a ~70% contribution from SST and ~30% from seawater d18O. Our results demonstrate that Kiritimati coral d18O records can provide reliable reconstructions even during the largest class of El Nino events. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 1502832, 1658182, 1635068, 1836645, 1446343, 1446274 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Kiritimati Island # Location: Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Central Pacific Ocean>Kiribati # Country: Republic of Kiribati # Northernmost_Latitude: 1.93 # Southernmost_Latitude: 1.93 # Easternmost_Longitude: -157.48 # Westernmost_Longitude: -157.48 # Elevation: -4 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Kiritimati2021CTD # Earliest_Year: 2014 # Most_Recent_Year: 2016 # Time_Unit: Year CE # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # ## age_CE age, , , year Common Era, , instrumental, , ,N, ## sst sea surface temperature,,,degree Celsius,,instrumental,,,N, ## salinity salinity, sea water,,practical salinity unit,,instrumental,,,N, # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: Nan # age_CE sst salinity 2015.85 30.56 34.149 2015.83 30.22 33.978 2015.81 30.05 34.213 2015.79 30.04 34.226 2015.77 29.86 34.111 2015.75 29.82 34.577 2015.73 29.55 34.655 2015.71 29.35 34.75 2015.69 29.51 34.907 2015.68 29.86 34.96 2015.66 29.85 34.814 2015.64 29.93 34.726 2015.62 29.71 34.798 2015.6 29.54 34.778 2015.58 29.51 34.864 2015.56 29.25 34.973 2015.54 29.46 34.971 2015.52 29.5 34.998 2015.5 29.5 35.065 2015.49 29.5 35.091 2015.47 29.52 35.054 2015.45 29.67 35.076 2015.43 29.54 35.039 2015.41 29.62 35.05 2015.39 29.46 35.205 2015.37 29.06 35.105 2015.35 28.99 35.018 2015.33 29.11 34.912 2015.31 29.08 34.857 2015.3 28.87 34.885 2015.28 28.74 34.97 2015.26 28.23 35.032 2015.24 27.93 35.05 2015.22 27.79 35.09 2015.2 27.66 35.241 2015.18 27.38 35.057 2015.16 27.52 35.093 2015.14 27.53 35.116 2015.12 27.39 35.065 2015.1 27.26 35.117 2015.09 27.07 35.109 2015.07 26.95 35.117 2015.05 26.91 35.147 2015.03 27.49 35.138 2015.01 27.71 35.051 2014.99 27.75 35.112 2014.97 27.61 35.09 2014.95 27.58 35.174 2014.93 28.02 35.047 2014.91 28.13 34.932 2014.9 28.42 34.844 2014.88 27.84 35.167 2014.86 27.65 35.153 2014.84 28.05 35.115 2014.82 27.88 35.119 2014.8 27.5 35.134