# Kiritimati Island 2015/16 El Nino Coral and Seawater Oxygen Isotope Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/28291 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/kiritimati2021logger.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Data_Type: Corals and Sclerosponges # # Dataset_DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes, sea surface temperature, salinity #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2021-04-24 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2021-04-24 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Kiritimati Island 2015/16 El Nino Coral and Seawater Oxygen Isotope Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: O'Connor, G.K.; Cobb, K.M.; Sayani, H.R.; Atwood, A.T.; Grothe, P.R.; Stevenson, S.; Baum, J.K.; Chen, T.; Claar, D.C.; Hitt, N.T.; Lynch-Stieglitz, J.; Schmidt, G.A.; Walter, R. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This dataset contains modern coral oxygen isotope (d18O) data from Kiritimati Island covering the 2015/16 El Nino Event, plus in situ logger data (sea surface temperature and salinity) as well as in situ seawater bottle sample data (salinity and d18O). #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: O'Connor, G.K., Cobb, K.M., Sayani, H.R., Atwood, A.T., Grothe, P.R., Stevenson, S., Baum, J.K., Chen, T., Claar, D.C., Hitt, N.T., Lynch-Stieglitz, J., Schmidt, G.A., Walter, R. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2021 submitted # Published_Title: Coral oxygen isotope and in situ records capture the 2015/2016 El Nino event in the central equatorial Pacific # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Coral oxygen isotopes (d18O) from the central equatorial Pacific provide monthly-resolved records of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity over past centuries to millennia. However, calibration studies using in situ data to assess the relative contributions of warming and freshening to coral d18O records are exceedingly rare. Furthermore, the fidelity of coral d18O records under the most severe thermal stress events is difficult to assess. Here, we present six coral d18O records and in situ temperature, salinity, and seawater d18O data from Kiritimati Island (2N, 157W) spanning the very strong 2015/16 El Nino event. Local sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies of +2.4+/-0.4C and seawater d18O anomalies of -0.19+/-0.02 per mil contribute to the observed coral d18O anomalies of -0.58+/-0.05 per mil, consistent with a ~70% contribution from SST and ~30% from seawater d18O. Our results demonstrate that Kiritimati coral d18O records can provide reliable reconstructions even during the largest class of El Nino events. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 1502832, 1658182, 1635068, 1836645, 1446343, 1446274 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Kiritimati Island # Location: Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Central Pacific Ocean>Kiribati # Country: Republic of Kiribati # Northernmost_Latitude: 1.93 # Southernmost_Latitude: 1.93 # Easternmost_Longitude: -157.48 # Westernmost_Longitude: -157.48 # Elevation: -4 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Kiritimati2021logger # Earliest_Year: 2011 # Most_Recent_Year: 2016 # Time_Unit: Year CE # Core_Length: # Notes: Site 5 Logger #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # ## age_CE age, , , year Common Era, , instrumental, , ,N, ## sst sea surface temperature,,,degrees Celsius,,instrumental,,,N, # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: Nan # age_CE sst 2015.846 30.265 2015.827 30.059 2015.808 30.041 2015.788 29.913 2015.769 29.805 2015.75 29.561 2015.731 29.352 2015.712 29.364 2015.692 29.781 2015.673 29.78 2015.654 29.823 2015.635 29.737 2015.615 29.497 2015.596 29.508 2015.577 29.252 2015.558 29.356 2015.538 29.525 Nan Nan 2015.212 27.949 2015.192 27.865 2015.173 27.742 2015.154 27.747 2015.135 27.56 2015.115 27.552 2015.096 27.444 2015.077 27.394 2015.058 27.222 2015.038 27.605 2015.019 27.851 2015 27.908 2014.981 27.935 2014.962 27.816 2014.942 28.385 2014.923 28.668 2014.904 28.688 2014.885 28.268 2014.865 27.525 2014.846 27.943 2014.827 28.023 2014.808 27.945 2014.788 27.782 2014.769 28.217 2014.75 28.362 2014.731 28.177 2014.712 28.009 2014.692 27.925 2014.673 27.891 2014.654 28.694 2014.635 28.748 2014.615 28.208 2014.596 28.303 2014.577 28.107 2014.558 27.444 2014.538 28.565 2014.519 28.381 2014.5 28.286 2014.481 28.666 2014.462 28.838 2014.442 28.911 2014.423 28.772 2014.404 28.647 2014.385 28.479 2014.365 28.461 2014.346 28.804 2014.327 28.315 2014.308 27.978 2014.288 27.888 2014.269 27.848 2014.25 27.334 2014.231 27.345 2014.212 27.44 2014.192 27.054 2014.173 26.969 2014.154 26.512 2014.135 26.42 2014.115 26.307 2014.096 26.918 2014.077 27.051 2014.058 26.713 2014.038 26.49 2014.019 26.12 2014 26.904 2013.981 26.779 2013.962 26.629 2013.942 27.769 2013.923 27.575 2013.904 27.409 2013.885 27.395 2013.865 28.004 2013.846 28.245 2013.827 28.245 2013.808 27.371 2013.788 26.687 2013.769 27.152 2013.75 27.282 2013.731 26.958 2013.712 27.166 2013.692 27.734 2013.673 27.715 2013.654 27.455 2013.635 27.294 2013.615 27.229 2013.596 27.678 2013.577 27.843 2013.558 27.678 2013.538 27.612 2013.519 27.659 2013.5 27.805 2013.481 27.649 2013.462 27.844 2013.442 28.035 2013.423 28.06 2013.404 28.004 2013.385 27.732 2013.365 27.687 2013.346 28.034 2013.327 27.905 2013.308 27.721 2013.288 27.57 2013.269 27.623 2013.25 27.522 2013.231 27.242 2013.212 27.323 2013.192 27.095 2013.173 27.23 2013.154 26.988 2013.135 26.813 2013.115 26.699 2013.096 26.855 2013.077 26.542 2013.058 26.091 2013.038 27.055 2013.019 26.958 2013 26.575 2012.981 26.651 2012.962 27.673 2012.942 27.875 2012.923 27.732 2012.904 27.611 2012.885 27.268 2012.865 27.662 2012.846 27.84 2012.827 28.257 2012.808 28.645 2012.788 28.527 2012.769 28.04 2012.75 27.426 2012.731 27.38 2012.712 28.128 2012.692 28.205 2012.673 28.371 2012.654 28.413 2012.635 28.401 2012.615 28.371 2012.596 28.215 2012.577 28.192 2012.558 28.252 2012.538 28.215 2012.519 27.957 2012.5 28.18 2012.481 28.208 2012.462 27.974 2012.442 27.763 2012.423 27.544 2012.404 27.508 2012.385 27.567 2012.365 27.493 2012.346 27.522 2012.327 27.452 2012.308 27.163 2012.288 27.215 2012.269 26.93 2012.25 27.042 2012.231 27.02 2012.212 26.964 2012.192 26.904 2012.173 26.571 2012.154 26.405 2012.135 26.533 2012.115 26.515 2012.096 26.191 2012.077 25.453 2012.058 24.805 2012.038 25.929 2012.019 26.299 2012 25.787 2011.981 26.489 2011.962 26.475 2011.942 26.054 2011.923 26.076 2011.904 26.472 2011.885 27.478 2011.865 26.812 2011.846 26.394 2011.827 26.163 2011.808 27.603 2011.788 27.468 2011.769 27.41 2011.75 26.312 2011.731 27.019 2011.712 27.313 2011.692 27.457 2011.673 27.273 2011.654 26.463 2011.635 26.579