# Coral Sr/Ca Data of the Red Sea over the last 25 years 
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
#               World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#                                   and
#                      NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Template Version 4.0
# Encoding: UTF-8
# NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed.
#
# Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space
# Data lines have no '#'
#
# NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/34393
#   Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata.
#
# Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-coral-34393.json
#   Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata.
#
# Data_Type: Corals and Sclerosponges
#
# Dataset_DOI:
#
# Science_Keywords: 
#---------------------------------------
# Resource_Links
#
# Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/murty2018/murty2018-sc.txt
#   Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Semicolon Sr/Ca Data
#
#---------------------------------------
# Contribution_Date
#   Date: 2021-10-13
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# File_Last_Modified_Date
#   Date: 2021-10-13
#---------------------------------------
# Title
#   Study_Name: Coral Sr/Ca Data of the Red Sea over the last 25 years 
#---------------------------------------
# Investigators
#   Investigators: Murty, S.A.; Bernstein, W.N.; Ossolinski, J.E.; Davis, R.S.; Goodkin, N.F.; Hughen, K.A. 
#---------------------------------------
# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#   Description: This study contains coral geochemical data from 5 sites: SC = Semicolon; P = Popponesset; AG = Abu Galawa; CG = Coral Gardens
#---------------------------------------
# Publication
#   Authors: Murty, S. A., Bernstein, W. N., Ossolinski, J. E., Davis, R. S., Goodkin, N. F. and Hughen, K. A. 
#   Published_Date_or_Year: 2018
#   Published_Title: Spatial and Temporal Robustness of Sr/Ca-SST Calibrations in Red Sea Corals: Evidence for Influence of Mean Annual Temperature on Calibration Slopes
#   Journal_Name: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
#   Volume: 33
#   Edition: 
#   Issue: 
#   Pages: 443-456
#   Report_Number: 
#   DOI: 10.1029/2017PA003276
#   Online_Resource: 
#   Full_Citation: Murty, S.A., Bernstein, W.N., Ossolinski, J.E., Davis, R.S., Goodkin, N.F. and Hughen, K.A., 2018. Spatial and temporal robustness of Sr/Ca-SST calibrations in Red Sea corals: Evidence for influence of mean annual temperature on calibration slopes. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 33(5), pp.443-456.
#   Abstract: Sr/Ca ratios recorded in the aragonite skeleton of massive coral colonies are commonly used to reconstruct seasonal- to centennial-scale variability in sea surface temperature (SST). While the Sr/Ca paleothermometer is robust in individual colonies, Sr/Ca-SST relationships between colonies vary, leading to questions regarding the utility of the proxy. We present biweekly-resolution calibrations of Sr/Ca from five Porites spp. corals to satellite SST across 10° of latitude in the Red Sea to evaluate the Sr/Ca proxy across both spatial and temporal scales. SST is significantly correlated with coral Sr/Ca at each site, accounting for 69–84% of Sr/Ca variability (P « 0.01). Intercolony variability in Sr/Ca-SST sensitivities reveals a latitudinal trend, where calibration slopes become shallower with increasing mean annual temperature. Mean annual temperature is strongly correlated with the biweekly-resolution calibration slopes across five Red Sea sites (r2 = 0.88, P = 0.05), while also correlating significantly to Sr/Ca-SST slopes for 33 Porites corals from across the entire Indo-Pacific region (r2 = 0.26, P < 0.01). Although interannual summer, winter, and mean annual calibrations for individual Red Sea colonies are inconsistently robust, combined multicoral calibrations are significant at summer (r2 = 0.53, P « 0.01), winter (r2 = 0.62, P « 0.01), and mean annual time scales (r2 = 0.79, P « 0.01). Our multicoral, multisite study indicates that the Sr/Ca paleothermometer is accurate across both temporal and spatial scales in the Red Sea and also potentially explains for the first time variability in Sr/Ca-SST calibration slopes across the Indo-Pacific region. Our study provides strong evidence supporting the robustness of the coral Sr/Ca proxy for examining seasonal to multicentury variability in global climate phenomena.
#---------------------------------------
# Funding_Agency
#   Funding_Agency_Name: Singapore Ministry of Education
#   Grant: 
#---------------------------------------
# Funding_Agency
#   Funding_Agency_Name: National Research Foundation Singapore
#   Grant:  NRFF-2012-03
#---------------------------------------
# Funding_Agency
#   Funding_Agency_Name: U.S. National Science Foundation
#   Grant: OCE-1031288
#---------------------------------------
# Funding_Agency
#   Funding_Agency_Name: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
#   Grant: USA 00002, KSA 00011
#---------------------------------------
# Site_Information
#   Site_Name: Semicolon, Red Sea
#   Location: Indian Ocean
#   Northernmost_Latitude: 27.98
#   Southernmost_Latitude: 27.98
#   Easternmost_Longitude: 34.81
#   Westernmost_Longitude: 34.81
#   Elevation_m: -4
#---------------------------------------
# Data_Collection
#   Collection_Name: SC_Murty2018
#   First_Year: 1986
#   Last_Year: 2009
#   Time_Unit: year Common Era
#   Core_Length_m: 
#   Parameter_Keywords: trace metals
#   Notes: SC = Semicolon; P = Popponesset; AG = Abu Galawa; CG = Coral Gardens
#---------------------------------------
# Chronology_Information 
# Chronology: 
#---------------------------------------
# Variables
# PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf
#   PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format.
#
# Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
#
## Year_SC	age,,,year Common Era,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N,
## Sr/Ca_SC	strontium/calcium,Porites lutea,,millimole per mole,,corals and sclerosponges,,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,
#------------------------
# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing_Values: NA
Year_SC	Sr/Ca_SC	
1986.23	9.298199	
1986.31	9.323122	
1986.35	9.356858	
1986.38	9.30726	
1986.42	9.275104	
1986.46	9.198501	
1986.58	9.084023	
1986.73	9.083025	
1986.77	9.149477	
1986.81	9.177223	
1986.85	9.198722	
1986.88	9.214433	
1986.92	9.238413	
1986.96	9.279038	
1987.00	9.339838	
1987.04	9.352227	
1987.08	9.340697	
1987.12	9.30865	
1987.15	9.298103	
1987.19	9.304925	
1987.27	9.314423	
1987.31	9.319559	
1987.35	9.301745	
1987.42	9.229807	
1987.54	9.070445	
1987.58	8.963669	
1987.69	9.002974	
1987.73	9.056815	
1987.77	9.109818	
1987.81	9.136443	
1987.85	9.189615	
1987.88	9.210659	
1987.92	9.201474	
1987.96	9.223941	
1988.00	9.294152	
1988.04	9.39915	
1988.08	9.458062	
1988.12	9.493662	
1988.15	9.510552	
1988.19	9.506191	
1988.31	9.483114	
1988.35	9.384431	
1988.42	9.308208	
1988.46	9.236773	
1988.65	9.094761	
1988.73	9.10772	
1988.77	9.124037	
1988.81	9.161929	
1988.85	9.206086	
1988.88	9.249357	
1988.92	9.288487	
1989.00	9.330208	
1989.04	9.359606	
1989.08	9.38005	
1989.12	9.395191	
1989.15	9.408223	
1989.19	9.407655	
1989.23	9.355763	
1989.62	9.166067	
1989.65	9.146256	
1989.77	9.139317	
1990.00	9.33453	
1990.04	9.425415	
1990.08	9.436401	
1990.12	9.44387	
1990.15	9.449414	
1990.19	9.446932	
1990.23	9.386733	
1990.62	9.178653	
1990.65	9.111672	
1990.77	9.139456	
1991.00	9.244311	
1991.04	9.280386	
1991.08	9.307267	
1991.12	9.338415	
1991.15	9.371016	
1991.19	9.358071	
1991.31	9.278926	
1991.62	9.09496	
1991.77	9.080804	
1991.81	9.143199	
1991.85	9.151811	
1991.88	9.156291	
1991.92	9.208557	
1992.00	9.393957	
1992.04	9.478655	
1992.12	9.528405	
1992.15	9.5215	
1992.27	9.483546	
1992.31	9.389552	
1992.58	9.244713	
1992.62	9.146095	
1992.65	9.069178	
1992.73	9.098267	
1992.81	9.168925	
1992.85	9.223246	
1992.88	9.257556	
1992.92	9.29039	
1992.96	9.321792	
1993.04	9.369017	
1993.08	9.410538	
1993.12	9.4409	
1993.19	9.441383	
1993.23	9.421441	
1993.31	9.355084	
1993.46	9.256964	
1993.50	9.177431	
1993.58	9.126409	
1993.62	9.099851	
1993.65	9.025569	
1993.69	8.965199	
1993.73	8.960298	
1993.77	8.978956	
1993.81	9.026653	
1993.85	9.085018	
1993.88	9.160408	
1993.92	9.1905	
1993.96	9.20946	
1994.04	9.247109	
1994.08	9.271198	
1994.12	9.287637	
1994.15	9.299227	
1994.19	9.30745	
1994.23	9.300315	
1994.27	9.287415	
1994.35	9.268836	
1994.38	9.245994	
1994.42	9.17313	
1994.54	9.067474	
1994.58	9.022487	
1994.62	8.994916	
1994.65	8.947048	
1994.69	8.906082	
1994.73	8.932153	
1994.81	8.987025	
1994.85	9.04856	
1994.88	9.144024	
1994.92	9.206968	
1994.96	9.233917	
1995.00	9.291208	
1995.96	9.044066	
1996.00	9.158009	
1996.04	9.185245	
1996.08	9.235315	
1996.12	9.279969	
1996.15	9.292911	
1996.19	9.294458	
1996.23	9.297557	
1996.35	9.291309	
1996.46	9.242609	
1996.54	9.150053	
1996.65	9.056245	
1996.77	9.058501	
1996.81	9.074068	
1996.85	9.118529	
1996.92	9.133115	
1996.96	9.196452	
1997.00	9.28573	
1997.04	9.350653	
1997.08	9.393539	
1997.12	9.417926	
1997.15	9.434304	
1997.19	9.441134	
1997.23	9.438417	
1997.27	9.427693	
1997.31	9.32898	
1997.54	9.063155	
1997.58	9.028977	
1997.62	9.026929	
1997.65	9.008589	
1997.69	9.013314	
1997.73	9.03571	
1997.77	9.068369	
1997.85	9.104085	
1997.88	9.179443	
1997.92	9.261299	
1997.96	9.311865	
1998.00	9.345489	
1998.04	9.365819	
1998.08	9.373146	
1998.12	9.379553	
1998.15	9.383385	
1998.23	9.379766	
1998.27	9.352299	
1998.35	9.315013	
1998.38	9.278163	
1998.42	9.245023	
1998.46	9.205525	
1998.50	9.155194	
1998.54	9.076453	
1998.62	8.963296	
1998.73	9.012512	
1998.77	9.086281	
1998.81	9.089054	
1998.85	9.107174	
1998.88	9.149798	
1998.92	9.187564	
1998.96	9.22901	
1999.08	9.270018	
1999.12	9.286828	
1999.15	9.290203	
1999.19	9.291385	
1999.23	9.293578	
1999.31	9.285441	
1999.50	9.180611	
1999.58	9.04761	
1999.62	8.970323	
1999.65	8.965937	
1999.69	9.001758	
1999.73	9.022904	
1999.77	9.058932	
1999.81	9.088894	
1999.85	9.067528	
1999.88	9.125217	
1999.96	9.265688	
2000.04	9.375701	
2000.08	9.426261	
2000.12	9.441152	
2000.15	9.449997	
2000.19	9.451476	
2000.23	9.448731	
2000.27	9.435369	
2000.31	9.39754	
2000.35	9.354051	
2000.38	9.30722	
2000.42	9.286908	
2000.46	9.258342	
2000.54	9.132515	
2000.58	9.014807	
2000.62	9.034244	
2000.65	9.031001	
2000.69	9.029265	
2000.73	9.061016	
2000.77	9.121847	
2000.81	9.176917	
2000.85	9.188795	
2000.88	9.194876	
2000.92	9.230127	
2000.96	9.281331	
2001.04	9.329368	
2001.08	9.365469	
2001.12	9.385471	
2001.15	9.371844	
2001.23	9.338746	
2001.31	9.30215	
2001.35	9.249733	
2001.54	9.159067	
2001.58	8.954049	
2001.62	8.977212	
2001.65	9.044746	
2001.77	9.11724	
2001.81	9.193858	
2001.85	9.219654	
2001.88	9.238244	
2001.92	9.263864	
2001.96	9.302344	
2002.04	9.345761	
2002.08	9.371989	
2002.12	9.384167	
2002.15	9.367969	
2002.27	9.335719	
2002.35	9.289205	
2002.88	9.094777	
2002.96	9.186826	
2003.04	9.318099	
2003.08	9.368869	
2003.12	9.394907	
2003.19	9.405965	
2003.23	9.404882	
2003.27	9.400374	
2003.35	9.381561	
2003.46	9.332287	
2003.50	9.22466	
2003.54	9.102985	
2003.65	8.980626	
2003.69	8.981743	
2003.73	9.013147	
2003.77	9.033073	
2003.81	9.064054	
2003.88	9.16314	
2003.92	9.203434	
2003.96	9.253949	
2004.00	9.289126	
2004.04	9.319028	
2004.08	9.346613	
2004.12	9.366838	
2004.15	9.382843	
2004.19	9.393119	
2004.23	9.376955	
2004.31	9.320293	
2004.35	9.276748	
2004.38	9.256817	
2004.42	9.229921	
2004.46	9.18241	
2004.50	9.143412	
2004.54	9.094681	
2004.58	9.035692	
2004.62	8.995278	
2004.65	8.99438	
2004.69	9.012836	
2004.73	9.027	
2004.77	9.028292	
2004.81	9.042293	
2004.85	9.081825	
2004.88	9.142287	
2004.92	9.205138	
2004.96	9.251984	
2005.00	9.279335	
2005.04	9.287529	
2005.08	9.320508	
2005.12	9.369833	
2005.15	9.356485	
2005.19	9.360477	
2005.23	9.367529	
2005.27	9.356157	
2005.35	9.311435	
2005.38	9.269317	
2005.42	9.234629	
2005.46	9.197799	
2005.50	9.136297	
2005.58	9.046424	
2005.62	9.029624	
2005.65	9.044403	
2005.69	9.047303	
2005.73	9.054125	
2005.77	9.09305	
2005.81	9.162728	
2005.85	9.228592	
2005.88	9.249454	
2005.92	9.258463	
2005.96	9.288997	
2006.00	9.342406	
2006.04	9.37955	
2006.08	9.389498	
2006.12	9.389287	
2006.19	9.386182	
2006.23	9.378739	
2006.27	9.347386	
2006.31	9.279666	
2006.35	9.254966	
2006.38	9.283023	
2006.42	9.308695	
2006.46	9.224463	
2006.54	9.136938	
2006.58	9.049862	
2006.62	9.022212	
2006.65	9.005762	
2006.69	9.024431	
2006.77	9.086363	
2006.81	9.12884	
2006.85	9.140098	
2006.88	9.188708	
2006.92	9.254377	
2006.96	9.298187	
2007.00	9.328216	
2007.04	9.356233	
2007.08	9.381927	
2007.12	9.405591	
2007.15	9.426795	
2007.19	9.4321	
2007.23	9.418268	
2007.27	9.401109	
2007.31	9.379693	
2007.35	9.334288	
2007.42	9.272407	
2007.46	9.256529	
2007.50	9.20029	
2007.54	9.11656	
2007.58	9.05008	
2007.62	9.029295	
2007.65	9.046514	
2007.73	9.090868	
2007.77	9.132896	
2007.81	9.167011	
2007.85	9.198633	
2007.88	9.242823	
2008.00	9.330269	
2008.08	9.400519	
2008.12	9.419392	
2008.15	9.4189	
2008.19	9.414258	
2008.31	9.42065	
2008.35	9.339835	
2008.42	9.253183	
2008.46	9.204624	
2008.50	9.163909	
2008.54	9.073469	
2008.62	9.027659	
2008.69	9.063459	
2008.73	9.094302	
2008.77	9.12021	
2008.85	9.164196	
2008.92	9.244282	
2009.00	9.313966	
2009.08	9.343328	
2009.12	9.367924	
2009.15	9.345493	
2009.19	9.296942