# Red Sea Coral Ba/Ca and Sr/Ca covering 1760-2009 CE #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/26531 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/red_sea/bryan2019/bryan2019-cg-ann.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Data_Type: Corals and Sclerosponges # # Dataset_DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: trace metals in carbonates #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-04-03 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-04-03 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Red Sea Coral Ba/Ca and Sr/Ca covering 1760-2009 CE #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Bryan, S.P.; Hughen, K.A.; Karnauskas, K.B.; Farrar, J.T. #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Bryan, S.P, K.A. Hughen, K.B. Karnauskas, and J.T. Farrar # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019 # Published_Title: Two hundred fifty years of reconstructed South Asian summer monsoon intensity and decadal-scale variability # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters # Volume: 46 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1029/2018GL081593 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Climate model simulations of the summer South Asian Monsoon predict increased rainfall in response to anthropogenic warming. However, instrumental data show a decline in Indian rainfall in recent decades, underscoring the critical need for additional, independent records of past monsoon variability. Here, we present new reconstructions of annual summer South Asian Monsoon circulation over the past 250 years, based on the geochemical barium-calcium signature of dust present in Red Sea corals. These records reveal how monsoon circulation has evolved with warming climate, and indicate a significant multicentury-long monsoon intensification, with decreased multidecadal variance. Stronger monsoon circulation would have increased the moisture transport from the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal over the Indian subcontinent. If these trends continue, the monsoon circulation and associated moisture transport and precipitation will remain strong and stable for several decades. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: OCE-1031288 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST) # Grant: USA00002 #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Coral Gardens reef # Location: Red Sea # Country: Saudi Arabia # Northernmost_Latitude: 21.78 # Southernmost_Latitude: 21.78 # Easternmost_Longitude: 38.83 # Westernmost_Longitude: 38.83 # Elevation: -5 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: CG annual geochem Bryan2019 # First_Year: 1771 # Last_Year: 2008 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## age_AD age,,,year Common Era,,Corals and Sclerosponges,,,N, ## SrCa_CG strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,,millimole per mole,annual,Corals and Sclerosponges,,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,Annual samples were chemically cleaned (oxidative and reductive); high-resolution samples were not chemically cleaned. ## BaCa_CG barium/calcium,Porites sp.,,micromole per mole,annual,Corals and Sclerosponges,,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,Annual samples were chemically cleaned (oxidative and reductive); high-resolution samples were not chemically cleaned. ## BaCaSW_CG barium/calcium,Porites sp.,,micromole per mole,annual,Corals and Sclerosponges,,regression analysis,N,Barium/calcium with the temperature component removed using regression analysis of strontium/calcium data #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: NaN age_AD SrCa_CG BaCa_CG BaCaSW_CG 2008 8.974 4.541 4.281 2007 9.038 4.65 4.386 2006 9.049 4.693 4.433 2005 9.037 4.659 4.384 2004 9.053 4.703 4.425 2003 9.037 4.642 4.349 2002 9.047 4.692 4.384 2001 9.019 4.568 4.254 2000 9.106 4.779 4.465 1999 9.057 4.64 4.326 1998 9.128 4.807 4.490 1997 9.066 4.739 4.403 1996 9.077 4.717 4.377 1995 9.05 4.679 4.329 1994 9.035 4.74 4.403 1993 9.07 4.701 4.366 1992 9.155 4.929 4.610 1991 9.069 4.752 4.422 1990 9.084 4.681 4.358 1989 9.025 4.57 4.241 1988 9.044 4.722 4.373 1987 9.033 4.629 4.256 1986 9.128 4.856 4.498 1985 9.039 4.708 4.353 1984 9.083 4.741 4.395 1983 9.161 4.739 4.391 1982 9.215 4.799 4.447 1981 9.064 4.636 4.272 1980 9.049 4.658 4.314 1979 9.029 4.579 4.241 1978 9.034 4.709 4.376 1977 9.07 4.78 4.477 1976 9.11 4.772 4.499 1975 9.002 4.757 4.483 1974 9.006 4.551 4.280 1973 9.048 4.692 4.431 1972 8.983 4.497 4.239 1971 9.029 4.613 4.360 1970 9.073 4.766 4.523 1969 9.031 4.593 4.343 1968 8.964 4.564 4.299 1967 9.019 4.54 4.278 1966 9.039 4.587 4.308 1965 9.047 4.588 4.304 1964 9.05 4.682 4.399 1963 9.097 4.751 4.473 1962 9.024 4.677 4.387 1961 9.091 4.743 4.451 1960 9.056 4.584 4.296 1959 9.07 4.596 4.305 1958 9 4.514 4.220 1957 9.034 4.616 4.321 1956 9.034 4.727 4.433 1955 9.015 4.699 4.409 1954 9.067 4.692 4.402 1953 9.064 4.718 4.423 1952 9.106 4.759 4.463 1951 9.014 4.636 4.342 1950 9.069 4.685 4.393 1949 9.058 4.264 3.974 1948 9.096 4.684 4.400 1947 9.006 4.543 4.265 1946 9.025 4.573 4.309 1945 9.024 4.561 4.294 1944 9 4.502 4.245 1943 9.031 4.551 4.291 1942 9.029 4.417 4.168 1941 9.018 4.516 4.265 1940 9.035 4.587 4.335 1939 9.005 4.479 4.215 1938 9.075 4.547 4.271 1937 9.032 4.564 4.289 1936 9.018 4.554 4.281 1935 9.032 4.521 4.246 1934 9.098 4.64 4.362 1933 9.074 4.603 4.323 1932 9.021 4.697 4.428 1931 9.02 4.621 4.347 1930 9.027 4.577 4.300 1929 9.052 4.454 4.171 1928 9.02 4.45 4.169 1927 9.006 4.46 4.188 1926 9.065 4.54 4.266 1925 9.033 4.504 4.222 1924 9.068 4.627 4.323 1923 9.087 4.575 4.273 1922 9.02 4.455 4.142 1921 9.036 4.449 4.126 1920 9.065 4.557 4.231 1919 9.165 4.865 4.533 1918 9.036 4.431 4.108 1917 9.088 4.513 4.203 1916 9.064 4.507 4.191 1915 9.086 4.639 4.325 1914 9.07 4.587 4.275 1913 9.013 4.469 4.172 1912 9.01 4.515 4.220 1911 9.055 4.55 4.276 1910 9.022 4.496 4.223 1909 9.056 4.582 4.312 1908 9.074 4.486 4.222 1907 9.02 4.526 4.260 1906 8.961 4.471 4.193 1905 9.057 4.531 4.245 1904 9.071 4.093 3.814 1903 9.032 4.292 4.022 1902 9.028 4.415 4.156 1901 9.083 4.496 4.238 1900 9.098 4.507 4.235 1899 8.982 4.47 4.201 1898 9.004 4.395 4.133 1897 9.004 4.383 4.115 1896 9.014 4.395 4.126 1895 9.046 4.426 4.174 1894 NaN NaN 4.150 1893 9.032 4.356 4.108 1892 9.063 4.242 3.991 1891 9.036 4.403 4.141 1890 8.981 4.391 4.121 1889 9.028 4.454 4.183 1888 9.024 4.173 3.904 1887 9.023 4.448 4.181 1886 9.074 4.264 3.996 1885 9.059 4.481 4.203 1884 9.056 4.468 4.183 1883 9.025 4.408 4.122 1882 9.021 4.411 4.131 1881 9.067 4.536 4.245 1880 9.096 4.375 4.089 1879 9.028 4.413 4.128 1878 9.033 4.582 4.295 1877 8.985 4.443 4.157 1876 9.091 4.245 3.960 1875 9.041 4.312 4.042 1874 9.054 4.4355 4.172 1873 9.067 4.559 4.299 1872 9.024 4.542 4.286 1871 9.011 4.508 4.252 1870 8.978 4.397 4.149 1869 9.058 4.643 4.394 1868 9.003 4.691 4.446 1867 9.009 4.508 4.252 1866 8.987 4.588 4.326 1865 9.042 4.628 4.359 1864 9.048 4.241 3.959 1863 9.03 4.637 4.355 1862 9.131 4.222 3.932 1861 9.063 4.605 4.309 1860 9.055 4.552 4.242 1859 9.055 4.549 4.247 1858 NaN NaN 4.191 1857 9.056 4.433 4.114 1856 9.044 4.162 3.862 1855 9.071 4.396 4.095 1854 8.993 4.453 4.153 1853 9.038 4.466 4.180 1852 9.145 4.188 3.904 1851 9.012 4.289 4.013 1850 9.072 4.437 4.164 1849 9.048 4.401 4.121 1848 8.973 4.444 4.158 1847 9.039 4.508 4.224 1846 9.012 4.472 4.200 1845 9.023 4.518 4.240 1844 9.114 4.314 4.039 1843 9.027 4.478 4.212 1842 9.03 4.463 4.184 1841 9.071 4.58 4.302 1840 9.049 4.238 3.968 1839 9.052 4.396 4.099 1838 8.991 4.548 4.252 1837 9.053 4.626 4.318 1836 9.036 4.475 4.155 1835 8.963 4.791 4.467 1834 9.188 4.303 3.972 1833 9.106 4.591 4.249 1832 9.1 4.561 4.210 1831 9.104 4.558 4.201 1830 9.097 4.451 4.090 1829 9.09 4.494 4.117 1828 9.118 4.413 4.050 1827 9.045 4.524 4.161 1826 9.087 4.286 3.928 1825 9.061 4.53 4.160 1824 9.063 4.479 4.122 1823 9.103 4.489 4.138 1822 9.107 4.32 3.984 1821 9.066 4.564 4.225 1820 9.176 4.327 3.988 1819 9.019 4.416 4.087 1818 9.055 4.318 3.988 1817 9.025 4.271 3.941 1816 9.068 4.587 4.258 1815 9.086 4.552 4.217 1814 9 4.543 4.225 1813 9.068 4.554 4.226 1812 9.104 4.581 4.254 1811 9.1 4.499 4.170 1810 9.104 4.448 4.138 1809 9.073 4.392 4.089 1808 9.078 4.402 4.095 1807 9.051 4.528 4.214 1806 9.035 4.506 4.208 1805 8.95 4.398 4.107 1804 9.047 4.482 4.198 1803 9.022 4.421 4.127 1802 9.111 4.52 4.231 1801 9.006 4.411 4.113 1800 9.059 4.474 4.174 1799 9.062 4.5 4.191 1798 9.131 4.281 3.964 1797 9.049 4.467 4.146 1796 9.108 4.407 4.100 1795 9.048 4.425 4.125 1794 9 4.37 4.073 1793 9.097 4.481 4.191 1792 9.048 4.241 3.963 1791 9.024 4.408 4.133 1790 8.962 4.345 4.068 1789 9.042 4.356 4.080 1788 9.022 4.354 4.060 1787 9.057 4.477 4.201 1786 9.032 4.392 4.125 1785 9.117 4.429 4.165 1784 9.041 4.283 3.988 1783 9.113 4.099 3.810 1782 8.985 4.271 3.967 1781 NaN NaN 3.987 1780 9.007 4.311 4.003 1779 9.15 4.163 3.866 1778 9.006 4.405 4.103 1777 9.108 4.197 3.915 1776 9.058 4.295 4.000 1775 NaN NaN 4.040 1774 9.052 4.395 4.080 1773 9.072 4.198 3.903 1772 8.994 4.336 4.030 1771 9.061 4.38 4.089