# South China Sea Isotope and Trace Metal Data Derived from Corals from 1877 to 1996 CE #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/37666 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-coral-37666.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Corals and Sclerosponges # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/z1pv-3963 # # Science_Keywords: biogeochemical cycles #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/south_china_sea/liu2023/liu2023-lw.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Isotope and Trace Metal Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2023-03-03 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2023-04-12 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: South China Sea Isotope and Trace Metal Data Derived from Corals from 1877 to 1996 CE #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Liu, Yi (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4971-7718); Chen, Maoqing (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0147-6495) #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Yi Liu, Maoqing Chen, Ting Zhang, Rui Zhang, Fei Cao, Shaobo Sun, Wang Zheng, Ruoyu Sun, Jiubin Chen # Published_Date_or_Year: 2023-04-16 # Published_Title: Isotope compositions of century-long corals reveal significant dissolved Cu, Zn fluxes from human-accelerated weathering into the ocean # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters # Volume: 50 # Edition: # Issue: 7 # Pages: # Report_Number: e2022GL102482 # DOI: 10.1029/2022GL102482 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Human activities have liberated substantial amounts of biologically active metals into oceans. However, identifying the sources and migration processes of these metals is challenging. Here we present first century-long records of concentrations and isotope compositions of Zn and Cu (d66Zn and d65Cu) in two corals from the northern South China Sea. The results show dramatic enrichment in coral Zn and Cu concentrations since the 1980s, which coincide with d66Zn and d65Cu increases. Coupled with concurrent land use/cover changes, we suggest that the enrichment trends of Cu and Zn in corals are best explained by human-induced rock weathering and soil erosion, which transferred isotopically heavy Zn and Cu fluxes into the coastal ocean. The metal releases due to land use/cover changes relative to direct anthropogenic sources could be even more significant in the future given that anthropogenic releases have been legally controlled and started to decline in recent decades. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Longwan (LW) # Location: South China Sea # Northernmost_Latitude: 19.2 # Southernmost_Latitude: 19.2 # Easternmost_Longitude: 110.39 # Westernmost_Longitude: 110.39 # Elevation_m: -5 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: LW Isotopes # First_Year: 1877 # Last_Year: 1996 # Time_Unit: year Common Era # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: trace metals, chemistry # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## year_top age at sample end,,,year Common Era,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N, ## year_bottom age at sample start,,,year Common Era,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N, ## Zn zinc,Porites sp.,,microgram per gram,,corals and sclerosponges,,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N, ## Cu copper,Porites sp.,,microgram per gram,,corals and sclerosponges,,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N, ## d66Zn_notes notes,,,,,corals and sclerosponges,,,C, replicate = replicate measurement of d66Zn; involving completely separate processing and analysis of different splits from the same sample power. ## d66Zn delta 66Zn,Porites sp.,,per mil JMC 3–0749L,,corals and sclerosponges,,multiple collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N, ## 2SD_d66Zn delta 66Zn,Porites sp.,two standard deviations,per mil JMC 3–0749L,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N,SD is the standard deviation estimated from the multiple measurements (n) of a single sample solution. ## n_d66Zn notes,,,count,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N,number of Longwan d66Zn coral measurements of a single sample solution ## d65Cu_notes notes,,,,,corals and sclerosponges,,,C, replicate = replicate measurement of d65Cu; involving completely separate processing and analysis of different splits from the same sample power. ## d65Cu delta 65Cu,Porites sp.,,per mil NIST SRM 976,,corals and sclerosponges,,multiple collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N, ## 2SD_d65Cu delta 65Cu,Porites sp.,two standard deviations,per mil NIST SRM 976,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N,SD is the standard deviation estimated from the multiple measurements (n) of a single sample solution. ## n_d65Cu notes,,,count,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N,number of Longwan d65Cu coral measurements of a single sample solution #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: NA year_top year_bottom Zn Cu d66Zn_notes d66Zn 2SD_d66Zn n_d66Zn d65Cu_notes d65Cu 2SD_d65Cu n_d65Cu 1877 1881 0.59 0.76 replicate 0.09 0.02 3 NA -0.24 0.02 3 1877 1881 NA NA NA 0.1 0.01 2 NA NA NA NA 1882 1886 0.57 0.38 replicate 0.03 0.02 3 NA -0.07 0.07 3 1882 1886 NA NA NA 0.04 0.05 2 NA NA NA NA 1887 1891 2.6 2.07 replicate -0.01 0.02 3 NA 0.21 0.02 3 1887 1891 NA NA NA 0.07 0.03 2 NA NA NA NA 1892 1896 1.06 0.57 replicate 0.07 0.03 3 NA 0.1 0.03 3 1892 1896 NA NA NA 0.04 0.03 2 NA NA NA NA 1897 1902 1.33 0.78 replicate 0.17 0.04 3 NA 0.12 0.01 3 1897 1902 NA NA NA 0.15 0.04 2 NA NA NA NA 1902 1906 1.02 0.62 replicate 0.23 0.04 2 NA 0.06 0.03 3 1902 1906 NA NA NA 0.23 0.04 2 NA NA NA NA 1907 1911 1.34 0.87 replicate 0.24 0.01 3 replicate 0.03 0.02 3 1907 1911 NA NA NA 0.2 0.08 3 NA 0.02 0.03 3 1907 1911 NA NA NA 0.2 0.07 3 NA NA NA NA 1912 1916 1.58 0.97 replicate 0.21 0.03 3 NA -0.05 0.14 3 1912 1916 NA NA NA 0.19 0.04 3 NA NA NA NA 1917 1921 1.26 1.36 replicate 0.19 0.04 3 NA -0.22 0.06 3 1917 1921 NA NA NA 0.18 0.03 3 NA NA NA NA 1922 1926 1.38 1.93 replicate 0.14 0.02 3 NA -0.23 0.01 3 1922 1926 NA NA NA 0.11 0.06 3 NA NA NA NA 1927 1931 1.07 1.08 replicate 0.09 0.03 3 NA -0.21 0.04 3 1927 1931 NA NA NA 0.12 0.03 3 NA NA NA NA 1932 1936 1.23 1.49 replicate 0.1 0.02 3 NA -0.22 0.02 3 1932 1936 NA NA NA 0.07 0.02 3 NA NA NA NA 1937 1941 1.06 1.95 replicate 0.09 0.04 3 NA -0.06 0.04 3 1937 1941 NA NA NA 0.11 0.08 3 NA NA NA NA 1942 1946 4.06 9.17 replicate 0.32 0.06 3 NA -0.21 0.05 3 1942 1946 NA NA NA 0.33 0.06 3 NA NA NA NA 1942 1946 NA NA NA 0.32 0 3 NA NA NA NA 1947 1951 2.12 2.34 NA 0.19 0.05 3 NA 0.4 0.07 3 1952 1956 1.82 0.9 NA -0.05 0.03 3 NA 0.32 0.09 2 1957 1961 2.8 1.63 NA 0.03 0.05 3 NA 0.09 0.03 2 1962 1966 2.17 1.36 replicate 0.06 0.05 3 NA 0.16 0.03 2 1962 1966 NA NA NA 0.02 0.03 3 NA NA NA NA 1967 1971 2.74 1.34 NA 0.07 0.03 3 replicate 0.03 0.03 2 1967 1971 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.08 0.1 3 1972 1976 2.42 1.32 NA 0.09 0.01 3 NA -0.06 0.01 3 1977 1981 3.2 3.13 replicate 0.35 0.01 3 NA 0.11 0.01 3 1977 1981 NA NA NA 0.31 0.06 3 NA NA NA NA 1982 1986 3.84 4.33 replicate 0.24 0.05 3 NA 0.43 0.08 3 1982 1986 NA NA NA 0.37 0.11 3 NA NA NA NA 1982 1986 NA NA NA 0.25 0.04 3 NA NA NA NA 1987 1991 4.36 5.02 replicate 0.36 0.04 3 NA 0.54 0.03 3 1987 1991 NA NA NA 0.4 0.09 3 NA NA NA NA 1992 1996 6.81 7.92 replicate 0.43 0.03 2 NA 0.6 0.02 3 1992 1996 NA NA NA 0.46 0.06 3 NA NA NA NA