# South China Sea d18O and hurricane data from 1568 to 1965 CE #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/34792 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-coral-34792.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Corals and Sclerosponges # # Dataset_DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5706493 # # Science_Keywords: Hurricanes and Tropical Cyclones Reconstruction #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/south_china_sea/tao2021/tao2021_d18o-lyj14.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; LYJ14 Coral d18O Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2021-12-03 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2021-12-03 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: South China Sea d18O and hurricane data from 1568 to 1965 CE #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Tao, Shichen; Liu,Kam-biu; Yu, Kefu; Shi, Qi; Yan, Hongqiang; Zhang, Huiling;Wang, Luo; Huang, Zhongzhou;Chen, Tegu #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Beijiao Reef (BJ): 17.0837, 111.5329, ~0 m; Chenghang Island (CH): 16.4471, 111.7067, ~0 m; Huangyan Island (HYD): 15.1045, 117.8015, ~0 m; Lingyang Reef (LYJ): 16.4761, 111.5730, ~0 m; Ganquan Island (GQ): 16.5048, 111.5876, ~0 m # Provided Keywords: Tropical Cyclones, Poleward Shift, Past millennium, Coral d18O, Coral blocks, Northwest Pacific #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Shichen Tao, Kam-biu Liu, Kefu Yu, Qi Shi, Hongqiang Yan, Huiling Zhang, Luo Wang, Zhongzhou Huang, Tegu Chen # Published_Date_or_Year: 2021 # Published_Title: Poleward Shift in Tropical Cyclone Tracks in the Northwest Pacific during Warm Periods: Past and Future # Journal_Name: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology # Volume: 36 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: e2021PA004367 # Report_Number: # DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021PA004367 # Online_Resource: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2021PA004367 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: We used the top age of storm-relocated coral blocks (SRCBs) from Xisha Islands and Huangyan Island, South China Sea (SCS), Northwestern Pacific region (NWP), in combination with existing paleotempestology records and instrumental climatic data, to reconstruct the spatio-temporal changes in tropical cyclone (TC) activity over the past millennium, and to project its future trends in the NWP. We found a positive correlation between the frequencies of TCs, typhoons, and super-typhoons and the NINO3.4 on the interannual timescale during 1945-2019. TCs latitude has a significant positive correlation with SST, with a northward migration rate of 80 ± 11 km per decade, equivalent to a northward migration rate of 606 ± 82 km per 1ºC increase during 1951-2019. Coral d18O can well indicate the month of paleo-TCs occurrence. The frequency of SRCBs (and by inference, TCs) is relatively low during relatively warm periods (RWP) but high during relatively cold periods (RCP) in the SCS. The spatio-temporal pattern inferred from paleotempestology records further supports the notion of North-South migration in TC activity as revealed by the instrumental record in this study. TC activity mainly affected relatively low latitudes (e.g., Philippines, Vietnam, and Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan) during the RCP (AD 1450-1900), but it migrated from low latitudes towards higher latitudes during the RWP (AD 1000-1450), affecting locations such as Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Shandong, southwestern Japan, the Korean Peninsula, and even Northeast China. Fujian and northern Guangdong may be in a transition zone of paleo-TC activity between the North and the South in the past millennium. As global warming continues, the mean tracks and landfall locations of TCs will continue to migrate northward in this region. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Lingyang Reef - lyj14 # Location: The South China Sea # Northernmost_Latitude: 16.4761 # Southernmost_Latitude: 16.4761 # Easternmost_Longitude: 111.5730 # Westernmost_Longitude: 111.5730 # Elevation_m: 0 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: LYJ-14_d18O_Tao2021 # First_Year: 1963 # Last_Year: 1965 # Time_Unit: year Common Era # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # The results of U-Th dating (with 2σ error) of samples of fossil Porites corals #Sample U (ppm) ±2o 232Th (×10-9 g/g) ±2o 230Th/232Th ±2o 230Th/238U ±2o 234U/238U ±2o Uncorrected 230Th Age ±o? Corrected 230Th Age ±2o Age (AD) ±2o Initial 234 U/238 U ±2o Top age (AD) ±o #BJ-1 2.7193 0.0019 0.238 0 56.79 0.7 0.00164 0.00002 1.1456 0.0007 155.8 1.9 154 2 1862 2 1.1457 0.0007 1892 2 #BJ-2-1 2.8214 0.001 0.317 0.001 38 0.49 0.00141 0.000018 1.1448 0.0011 134.1 1.7 131 2 1885 2 1.1449 0.0011 1906 2 #CH-4-1 2.3785 0.0008 0.06 0 430.02 4.08 0.0038 0.000033 1.147 0.0013 364.8 3.2 364 3 1650 3 1.1472 0.0013 1674 3 #CH-5 2.4526 0.0009 0.58 0.001 63.04 0.43 0.0049 0.000033 1.1467 0.0008 471.5 3.2 465 4 1549 4 1.1469 0.0008 1573 4 #HYD-1 2.5067 0.0014 0.131 0.001 221 2.2 0.00381 0.000031 1.1461 0.0011 362.8 3 361 3 1655 3 1.1463 0.0011 1729 3 #HYD-2 2.0099 0.0009 0.053 0 518.1 7 0.00449 0.000053 1.1447 0.001 428.6 5.1 428 5 1588 5 1.1449 0.001 1680 5 #HYD-3 2.5216 0.0009 0.1 0.001 408.2 4.6 0.00535 0.000054 1.1456 0.0007 510.7 5.1 510 5 1506 5 1.1458 0.0007 1576 5 #HYD-5-1 2.3164 0.0008 0.244 0 40.4 0.7 0.0014 0.000023 1.1457 0.0009 133.2 2.2 130 3 1886 3 1.1458 0.0009 1913 3 #HYD-6-2 2.4837 0.001 0.28 0.001 224.3 1.1 0.008343 0.000037 1.146 0.0008 797 4 794 2 1221 4 1.1464 0.0008 1261 4 #LYJ-7 2.7335 0.0008 0.47 0.001 46.39 0.31 0.0026 0.000017 1.1472 0.0009 251.6 1.6 247 3 1767 3 1.1474 0.0009 1792 3 #LYJ-9 2.6647 0.0009 0.17 0 40 0.46 0.000827 0.000009 1.1464 0.0012 79 1 77 1 1938 1 1.1465 0.0012 1962 1 #LYJ-10 2.7077 0.0006 0.55 0.001 36.53 0.34 0.0025 0.000023 1.1474 0.0009 234.2 2.2 229 3 1785 3 1.1475 0.0009 1859 3 #LYJ-12 2.388 0.0009 0.1 0 51.27 0.84 0.0007 0.000012 1.145 0.0008 70.2 1.1 69 1 1945 1 1.1451 0.0008 1965 1 #LYJ-13 2.5349 0.0009 0.39 0.001 18.4 0.28 0.0009 0.000014 1.1471 0.0008 87.8 1.3 84 2 1930 2 1.1472 0.0008 1963 2 #LYJ-14 2.5587 0.0012 0.19 0 30.52 0.83 0.000757 0.00002 1.1474 0.001 72 2 70 2 1945 2 1.1475 0.001 1965 2 #GQ-2 2.4855 0.0008 0.33 0 193.61 1.1 0.008571 0.000047 1.1466 0.0009 818 5 815 5 1200 5 1.1469 0.001 1257 5 # Ratios are activity ratios calculated from atomic ratios using decay constants of Cheng et al. (2000). All values have been corrected for laboratory procedural blanks. Uncorrected 230Th age (a) was calculated using Isoplot/EX 3.0 program (Ludwig, 2003), where a denotes year. NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN # Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Hoff, J., Gallup, C. D., Richards, D. A., & Asmerom, Y. (2000). The half-lives of uranium-234 and thorium-230, Chemical Geology, 169(1), 17-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00157-6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN # Ludwig, K. R. (2003). User`s Manual for Isoplot/Ex, Version 3.00. A Geochronological Toolkit for Microsoft Excel, Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication, 4(2), 1-70. NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## Age age,,,year Common Era,,corals and sclerosponges ,,,N, ## d18O delta 18O,porites sp.,,per mil,,corals and sclerosponges ,,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N, #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: NA Age d18O 1965.458 NA 1965.375 NA 1965.292 NA 1965.208 -5.344 1965.125 -5.159 1965.042 -4.975 1964.958 -5.193 1964.875 -5.396 1964.792 -5.566 1964.708 -5.689 1964.625 -5.583 1964.542 -5.523 1964.458 -5.514 1964.375 -5.525 1964.292 -5.214 1964.208 -5.019 1964.125 -4.925 1964.042 -4.798 1963.958 -5.239 1963.875 -5.316 1963.792 -5.479 1963.708 -5.683 1963.625 -5.872 1963.542 NA 1963.458 NA 1963.375 NA 1963.292 NA 1963.208 NA 1963.125 NA 1963.042 NA