# Northern Great Barrier Reef 1972-2008 Porites Data and SST Reconstructions 
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
#               World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
#                                   and
#                      NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Template Version 3.0
# Encoding: UTF-8
# NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed.
#
# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
#
# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/33732
#      Description: NOAA Landing Page
# Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/reed2019/reed2019clerke.txt
#      Description: NOAA location of the template
#
# Data_Type: Corals and Sclerosponges
#
# Dataset_DOI:
#
# Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes, chemistry, physical properties
#---------------------------------------
# Contribution_Date
#    Date: 2021-07-06
#---------------------------------------
# File_Last_Modified_Date
#    Date: 2021-07-06
#---------------------------------------
# Title
#    Study_Name: Northern Great Barrier Reef 1972-2008 Porites Data and SST Reconstructions
#---------------------------------------
# Investigators
#      Investigators: Reed, E.V.; Cole, J.E.; Lough, J.M.; Thompson, D.; Cantin, N.E.
#---------------------------------------
# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#        Description: Monthly resolution stable isotope (d13C, d18O), Sr/Ca, Density, and Luminescence data plus SST reconstructions from 5 corals collected in the northern Great Barrier Reef.
#---------------------------------------
# Publication
# Authors: Emma V. Reed, Julia E. Cole, Janice M. Lough, Diane Thompson, Neal E. Cantin
# Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-02-01
# Published_Title: Linking climate variability and growth in coral skeletal records from the Great Barrier Reef
# Journal_Name: Coral Reefs
# Volume: 38
# Edition: 
# Issue: 1
# Pages: 29-43
# Report_Number: 
# DOI: 10.1007/s00338-018-01755-8 
# Online_Resource: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00338-018-01755-8 
# Full_Citation: 
# Abstract: The remoteness of the northern Great Barrier Reef makes observations of environmental change and coral health sparse, but provides opportunities for paleoclimate and paleoecology proxies to contribute new insights into coral health in a changing climate. These proxies include geochemical measures (d18O, d13C, and Sr/Ca) that track sea surface temperature (SST), salinity, and physiological processes; luminescence, which records freshwater input; and annual growth parameters (density, extension, and calcification). Merging these approaches provides insight into the historical role of environmental variability in coral health. This study uses Porites spp. corals from five sites on the northern Great Barrier Reef (12-13.5S) to produce combined monthly resolved records of geochemistry, growth banding, and luminescence between 1972 and 2008. We demonstrate that SST reconstructed from Sr/Ca accurately captures Indo-Pacific Warm Pool variability, and hydrological proxies (luminescence and seawater d18O) accurately reconstruct summer rainfall and river discharge in nearshore corals. Concurrent Sr/Ca minima and density and luminescence peaks from two sites demonstrate that high-density bands are generally formed during summer at these sites, which aids the development of future coral paleoclimate and paleoecology chronologies. Regional hydrological proxies showed more consistent responses to El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events than SST proxies, in agreement with instrumental data. Because these corals, like instrumental records, show no consistently large ENSO heat extremes, we find no consistent growth anomalies during historical ENSO events. Our results highlight the unusual nature of recent widespread and severe coral bleaching and establish groundwork for exploring the response of northern GBR corals to past climate variations. 
#---------------------------------------
# Funding_Agency
#    Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation
#    Grant: ATM-CAREER 
#---------------------------------------
# Site_Information
# Site_Name: Clerke Reef 
# Location: Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Western Pacific Ocean 
# Northernmost_Latitude: -11.97
# Southernmost_Latitude: -11.97
# Easternmost_Longitude: 143.28
# Westernmost_Longitude: 143.28
# Elevation: -2 
#---------------------------------------
# Data_Collection
#   Collection_Name: Reed2019Clerke
#   First_Year: 1992
#   Last_Year: 2008
#   Time_Unit: AD
#   Core_Length:
#   Notes: 2005-2008 truncated from the record due to anomalous growth
#---------------------------------------
# Chronology_Information 
# Chronology: 
# Top: chronologies based on summer/winter geochemical tie points (2 per yr) before the date of core collection (age=0); Bottom: raw Sr/Ca data, prior to age modeling; collection date=Dec 2008
# Depth	Age 
# 5	0
# 11	0.5
# 16	1
# 19	1.5
# 26	2
# 32	2.5
# 34	3
# 45	3.5
# 50	4
# 58	4.5
# 66	5
# 74	5.5
# 81	6
# 94	6.5
# 99	7
# 106	7.5
# 117	8
# 124	8.5
# 137	9
# 149	9.5
# 154	10
# 160	10.5
# 169	11
# 178	11.5
# 187	12
# 200	12.5
# 204	13
# 215	13.5
# 222	14
# 228	14.5
# 239	15
# 247	15.5
# 260	16
# Depth	Sr/Ca
# 1	0.008965601
# 2	0.008992891
# 3	0.009044529
# 4	0.009233334
# 5	0.009321381
# 6	0.009291344
# 7	0.009174234
# 8	0.009228969
# 9	0.009145622
# 10	0.009186501
# 11	0.009058283
# 12	0.009126062
# 13	0.009146823
# 14	0.009175042
# 15	0.009260919
# 16	0.009334949
# 17	0.009247307
# 18	0.009192948
# 19	0.00913214
# 20	0.009142992
# 21	0.009136361
# 22	0.009154578
# 23	0.009165192
# 24	0.00913384
# 25	0.00927831
# 26	0.009308937
# 27	0.009227376
# 28	0.009228799
# 29	0.009172048
# 30	0.009158618
# 31	0.009210884
# 32	0.009083722
# 33	0.009257733
# 34	0.0093565
# 35	0.009318922
# 36	0.009195797
# 37	0.009139912
# 38	0.009087687
# 39	0.009026252
# 40	0.009014534
# 41	0.009017073
# 42	0.009040458
# 43	0.008986852
# 44	0.00903531
# 45	0.008977944
# 46	0.009115456
# 47	0.009053268
# 48	0.009171228
# 49	0.009214258
# 50	0.009231538
# 51	0.009231473
# 52	0.009148108
# 53	0.009050695
# 54	0.009082392
# 55	0.008990526
# 56	0.009013376
# 57	0.008996964
# 58	0.008967796
# 59	0.008989335
# 60	0.009012439
# 61	0.009017559
# 62	0.009064775
# 63	0.009051224
# 64	0.009112704
# 65	0.009190518
# 66	0.009210666
# 67	0.009124073
# 68	0.009137511
# 69	0.009112764
# 70	0.008987052
# 71	0.009022446
# 72	0.009016789
# 73	0.008978769
# 74	0.008963538
# 75	0.009019428
# 76	0.008973325
# 77	0.008995973
# 78	0.009078323
# 79	0.009020341
# 80	0.009170783
# 81	0.009234278
# 82	0.009154522
# 83	0.009227441
# 84	0.009062886
# 85	0.009122474
# 86	0.009085292
# 87	0.009051069
# 88	0.009016233
# 89	0.00896065
# 90	0.009054501
# 91	0.009012732
# 92	0.009015313
# 93	0.008963562
# 94	0.008958183
# 95	0.009009285
# 96	0.009053309
# 97	0.009125935
# 98	0.009082364
# 99	0.009226275
# 100	0.00922021
# 101	0.009188306
# 102	0.009108107
# 103	0.009047396
# 104	0.009032479
# 105	0.009001675
# 106	0.008994468
# 107	0.009031743
# 108	0.009020248
# 109	0.009005358
# 110	0.009029485
# 111	0.00905971
# 112	0.009042927
# 113	0.009038011
# 114	0.009042444
# 115	0.00911443
# 116	0.009166024
# 117	0.009249998
# 118	0.009200458
# 119	0.009196048
# 120	0.009152125
# 121	0.009038404
# 122	0.009028328
# 123	0.00896451
# 124	0.008952349
# 125	0.008973972
# 126	0.008957344
# 127	0.008996024
# 128	0.009042212
# 129	0.009060526
# 130	0.009012804
# 131	0.009012229
# 132	0.008976066
# 133	0.009044218
# 134	0.009081003
# 135	0.009170688
# 136	0.009169027
# 137	0.009194373
# 138	0.009183532
# 139	0.009133077
# 140	0.009079453
# 141	0.009085305
# 142	0.00899285
# 143	0.00900499
# 144	0.009043682
# 145	0.009077627
# 146	0.009037756
# 147	0.009048021
# 148	0.009025995
# 149	0.008978702
# 150	0.009006267
# 151	0.009043826
# 152	0.009074581
# 153	0.009140462
# 154	0.009165028
# 155	0.009136521
# 156	0.009073112
# 157	0.009008062
# 158	0.008992793
# 159	0.009013027
# 160	0.008981162
# 161	0.008996292
# 162	0.008992364
# 163	0.00900321
# 164	0.009031358
# 165	0.009065445
# 166	0.009054606
# 167	0.009132975
# 168	0.009181174
# 169	0.009209071
# 170	0.009183994
# 171	0.00913106
# 172	0.009110627
# 173	0.009062936
# 174	0.009054848
# 175	0.009065197
# 176	0.009005757
# 177	0.008989689
# 178	0.008969258
# 179	0.00897997
# 180	0.009019009
# 181	0.009043388
# 182	0.009039684
# 183	0.009066454
# 184	0.009110701
# 185	0.009158697
# 186	0.009164231
# 187	0.009181185
# 188	0.00913592
# 189	0.009102644
# 190	0.009037942
# 191	0.009059254
# 192	0.009062472
# 193	0.00902492
# 194	0.009035847
# 195	0.009075671
# 196	0.009051996
# 197	0.009051895
# 198	0.009016119
# 199	0.009038614
# 200	0.009000986
# 201	0.009061725
# 202	0.009071834
# 203	0.009144395
# 204	0.00920542
# 205	0.009193093
# 206	0.0091341
# 207	0.009087588
# 208	0.009062035
# 209	0.009093447
# 210	0.009034825
# 211	0.009027459
# 212	0.009024856
# 213	0.009009468
# 214	0.008989607
# 215	0.008986565
# 216	0.009020688
# 217	0.009035194
# 218	0.009155434
# 219	0.009112199
# 220	0.009200618
# 221	0.009152845
# 222	0.009248418
# 223	0.009203472
# 224	0.00915685
# 225	0.009141772
# 226	0.009102441
# 227	0.009099668
# 228	0.009040152
# 229	0.009101746
# 230	0.009098363
# 231	0.009072737
# 232	0.009123356
# 233	0.009092426
# 234	0.009046035
# 235	0.009103086
# 236	0.00911192
# 237	0.009159312
# 238	0.00921996
# 239	0.009254055
# 240	0.009250142
# 241	0.009209863
# 242	0.009166239
# 243	0.009177554
# 244	0.009143595
# 245	0.009105485
# 246	0.009043225
# 247	0.009031552
# 248	0.00910517
# 249	0.00909879
# 250	0.009090738
# 251	0.00912279
# 252	0.009118176
# 253	0.009122635
# 254	0.009202626
# 255	0.009163811
# 256	0.00915289
# 257	0.009161058
# 258	0.00917168
# 259	0.009217371
# 260	0.009251506
# 261	0.009244166
# 262	0.009189365
# 263	0.009145768
# 264	0.009117435
# 265	0.009092267
# 266	0.009060845
# 267	0.009062587
# 268	0.008992505
# 
#---------------------------------------
# Variables
# Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
#
## depth_mm	depth,,,millimeter,,Corals and Sclerosponges;Climate Reconstructions,,,N,linearly interpolated between summer/winter tie points
## age_AD	age,,,year Common Era,,Corals and Sclerosponges;Climate Reconstructions,,,N,
## Sr/Ca	strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,,millimole per mole,,Corals and Sclerosponges,,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,analytical precision of ± 0.023 mmol/mol
## density	density,Porites sp.,,gram per cubic centimeter,,Corals and Sclerosponges,,gamma ray densitometry,N,
## lum	luminescence,Porites sp.,,dimensionless,,Corals and Sclerosponges,,luminescence spectroscopy,N,
## SSTr	sea surface temperature,strontium/calcium,,degree Celsius,,Corals and Sclerosponges;Climate Reconstructions,,regression analysis,N,Calibrated using weighted least squares with ERSSTv3b
#
#------------------------
# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing_Values: nan
# 
depth_mm	age_AD	Sr/Ca	density	lum	SSTr
260	1992.62	9.25151	1.49629	0.673718	23.9136
257.833	1992.71	9.16991	1.41631	0.691592	25.6172
255.667	1992.79	9.15653	1.43318	0.657333	25.8966
253.5	1992.88	9.16263	1.41156	0.735589	25.7692
251.333	1992.96	9.12125	1.43605	0.851413	26.6332
249.167	1993.04	9.09745	1.51255	0.70679	27.1302
247	1993.12	9.03155	1.60157	0.685802	28.506
245.667	1993.21	9.06398	1.593	0.680116	27.829
244.333	1993.29	9.13089	1.52682	0.709693	26.4319
243	1993.38	9.17755	1.4841	0.660645	25.4576
241.667	1993.46	9.18078	1.49121	0.66367	25.3903
240.333	1993.54	9.23672	1.473	0.668296	24.2224
239	1993.62	9.25405	1.46467	0.661667	23.8604
237.167	1993.71	9.16942	1.48568	0.61587	25.6274
235.333	1993.79	9.10603	1.41928	0.590237	26.951
233.5	1993.88	9.06923	1.4153	0.648457	27.7193
231.667	1993.96	9.10648	1.457	0.72251	26.9415
229.833	1994.04	9.09893	1.50016	0.674954	27.0993
228	1994.12	9.04015	1.50431	0.638573	28.3264
227	1994.21	9.09967	1.50121	0.627624	27.0838
226	1994.29	9.10244	1.48499	0.617369	27.0259
225	1994.38	9.14177	1.48251	0.590713	26.2047
224	1994.46	9.15685	1.48543	0.585332	25.8899
223	1994.54	9.20347	1.49296	0.582061	24.9165
222	1994.62	9.24842	1.50151	0.581331	23.9781
220.833	1994.71	9.16081	1.4849	0.576775	25.8073
219.667	1994.79	9.17115	1.46421	0.587164	25.5914
218.5	1994.88	9.13382	1.43916	0.582733	26.3708
217.333	1994.96	9.07527	1.43519	0.57629	27.5931
216.167	1995.04	9.02311	1.47147	0.627179	28.6824
215	1995.12	8.98656	1.5223	0.707252	29.4453
213.167	1995.21	9.00616	1.59652	0.76191	29.0362
211.333	1995.29	9.02659	1.59883	0.635584	28.6096
209.5	1995.38	9.06414	1.5258	0.631591	27.8257
207.667	1995.46	9.07055	1.5291	0.599436	27.6917
205.833	1995.54	9.14393	1.53801	0.602888	26.1596
204	1995.62	9.20542	1.51316	0.61146	24.8758
203.333	1995.71	9.16474	1.48133	0.619857	25.7252
202.667	1995.79	9.12021	1.45562	0.613127	26.655
202	1995.88	9.07183	1.42695	0.616289	27.665
201.333	1995.96	9.06509	1.42407	0.625175	27.8057
200.667	1996.04	9.04148	1.41391	0.643164	28.2987
200	1996.12	9.00099	1.41862	0.666825	29.1442
197.833	1996.21	9.02208	1.45558	0.760873	28.7037
195.667	1996.29	9.05989	1.51142	0.764198	27.9144
193.5	1996.38	9.03038	1.52037	0.652089	28.5304
191.333	1996.46	9.06033	1.47008	0.620157	27.9052
189.167	1996.54	9.09186	1.4906	0.66637	27.2468
187	1996.62	9.18119	1.41825	0.62404	25.3818
185.5	1996.71	9.16146	1.35068	0.625437	25.7936
184	1996.79	9.1107	1.33221	0.620676	26.8534
182.5	1996.88	9.05307	1.37504	0.621678	28.0567
181	1996.96	9.04339	1.41727	0.681008	28.2589
179.5	1997.04	8.99949	1.48005	0.75419	29.1754
178	1997.12	8.96926	1.52555	0.731706	29.8066
176.5	1997.21	8.99772	1.5376	0.630098	29.2123
175	1997.29	9.0652	1.53312	0.622354	27.8035
173.5	1997.38	9.05889	1.5269	0.625967	27.9352
172	1997.46	9.11063	1.52269	0.583592	26.855
170.5	1997.54	9.15753	1.45926	0.593916	25.8758
169	1997.62	9.20907	1.44267	0.595355	24.7996
167.5	1997.71	9.15707	1.40151	0.593069	25.8852
166	1997.79	9.05461	1.39469	0.58086	28.0246
164.5	1997.88	9.0484	1.42346	0.611231	28.1542
163	1997.96	9.00321	1.48453	0.718909	29.0978
161.5	1998.04	8.99433	1.54066	0.754751	29.2832
160	1998.12	8.98116	1.53174	0.670629	29.5581
159	1998.21	9.01303	1.49168	0.641294	28.8928
158	1998.29	8.99279	1.46108	0.627635	29.3152
157	1998.38	9.00806	1.43759	0.63047	28.9964
156	1998.46	9.07311	1.42469	0.626329	27.6383
155	1998.54	9.13652	1.44234	0.621553	26.3143
154	1998.62	9.16503	1.41786	0.594613	25.7191
153.167	1998.71	9.14456	1.38888	0.587523	26.1466
152.333	1998.79	9.09654	1.33033	0.577013	27.1491
151.5	1998.88	9.0592	1.28528	0.58788	27.9287
150.667	1998.96	9.03131	1.23061	0.613087	28.5111
149.833	1999.04	9.00167	1.18283	0.626671	29.1298
149	1999.12	8.9787	1.17174	0.666212	29.6094
147	1999.21	9.04802	1.25615	0.759321	28.1621
145	1999.29	9.07763	1.32953	0.780724	27.544
143	1999.38	9.00499	1.42915	0.652244	29.0606
141	1999.46	9.08531	1.46978	0.587489	27.3837
139	1999.54	9.13308	1.44009	0.565039	26.3863
137	1999.62	9.19437	1.40583	0.561903	25.1065
134.833	1999.71	9.15574	1.28365	0.56561	25.9131
132.667	1999.79	9.0215	1.19966	0.551021	28.7159
130.5	1999.88	9.01252	1.24456	0.607484	28.9034
128.333	1999.96	9.04832	1.26387	0.639236	28.156
126.167	2000.04	8.96379	1.36242	0.685932	29.9208
124	2000.12	8.95235	1.43974	0.636015	30.1597
122.833	2000.21	8.97515	1.48014	0.583668	29.6837
121.667	2000.29	9.03169	1.46261	0.570354	28.5032
120.5	2000.38	9.09526	1.42762	0.542841	27.1757
119.333	2000.46	9.18141	1.41659	0.505296	25.3772
118.167	2000.54	9.19972	1.41251	0.481661	24.9948
117	2000.62	9.25	1.34895	0.476468	23.9451
115.167	2000.71	9.12303	1.24545	0.493556	26.596
113.333	2000.79	9.03949	1.32733	0.672487	28.3403
111.5	2000.88	9.05132	1.30103	0.60602	28.0933
109.667	2000.96	9.02144	1.3125	0.710038	28.7171
107.833	2001.04	9.02216	1.47359	0.698824	28.702
106	2001.12	8.99447	1.54078	0.538858	29.2803
104.833	2001.21	9.00681	1.52114	0.550142	29.0226
103.667	2001.29	9.03745	1.49618	0.522003	28.3828
102.5	2001.38	9.07775	1.4532	0.512292	27.5414
101.333	2001.46	9.16157	1.4513	0.498875	25.7913
100.167	2001.54	9.21489	1.41302	0.514349	24.678
99	2001.62	9.22627	1.38693	0.519515	24.4404
98.167	2001.71	9.10635	1.37067	0.530401	26.9443
97.333	2001.79	9.11141	1.36765	0.53088	26.8386
96.5	2001.88	9.08962	1.37411	0.52397	27.2936
95.667	2001.96	9.03863	1.38318	0.531996	28.3581
94.833	2002.04	9.00077	1.39283	0.538283	29.1487
94	2002.12	8.95818	1.39645	0.578231	30.0379
91.833	2002.21	9.01488	1.44363	0.639894	28.854
89.667	2002.29	9.02322	1.5027	0.532203	28.68
87.5	2002.38	9.03365	1.42306	0.499834	28.4622
85.333	2002.46	9.11008	1.42897	0.488837	26.8664
83.167	2002.54	9.20001	1.36468	0.498016	24.9887
81	2002.62	9.23428	1.38316	0.514241	24.2733
79.833	2002.71	9.14571	1.41434	0.492722	26.1225
78.667	2002.79	9.03967	1.40845	0.498951	28.3365
77.5	2002.88	9.03715	1.42575	0.492457	28.3892
76.333	2002.96	8.98087	1.42912	0.508482	29.5641
75.167	2003.04	9.01174	1.44609	0.527386	28.9196
74	2003.12	8.96354	1.49319	0.535339	29.9261
72.667	2003.21	8.99144	1.49195	0.500394	29.3434
71.333	2003.29	9.02056	1.45704	0.495664	28.7355
70	2003.38	8.98705	1.42741	0.484157	29.4351
68.667	2003.46	9.12101	1.42027	0.482763	26.6381
67.333	2003.54	9.12855	1.39668	0.476167	26.4807
66	2003.62	9.21067	1.38934	0.446818	24.7663
64.667	2003.71	9.16458	1.40739	0.439206	25.7285
63.333	2003.79	9.07172	1.37694	0.473152	27.6674
62	2003.88	9.06478	1.33851	0.518058	27.8123
60.667	2003.96	9.01585	1.31974	0.57146	28.8338
59.333	2004.04	8.99704	1.31806	0.634282	29.2267
58	2004.12	8.9678	1.34412	0.619229	29.8371
56.667	2004.21	9.00243	1.41144	0.558576	29.1139
55.333	2004.29	8.99814	1.39832	0.518788	29.2035
54	2004.38	9.08239	1.38231	0.52072	27.4445
52.667	2004.46	9.08317	1.33753	0.51319	27.4283
51.333	2004.54	9.20368	1.33984	0.499099	24.912
50	2004.62	9.23154	1.36194	0.48439	24.3305
49.167	2004.71	9.21714	1.3753	0.467413	24.6312
48.333	2004.79	9.18557	1.36631	0.452622	25.2902
47.5	2004.88	9.11225	1.3678	0.43616	26.8212
46.667	2004.96	9.074	1.33943	0.449458	27.6198