# Northern Great Barrier Reef 1972-2008 Porites Data and SST Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/33732 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/reed2019/reed2019eel.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Data_Type: Corals and Sclerosponges # # Dataset_DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes, chemistry, physical properties #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2021-07-06 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2021-07-06 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Great Barrier Reef 1972-2008 Porites Data and SST Reconstructions #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Reed, E.V.; Cole, J.E.; Lough, J.M.; Thompson, D.; Cantin, N.E. #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Monthly resolution stable isotope (d13C, d18O), Sr/Ca, Density, and Luminescence data plus SST reconstructions from 5 corals collected in the northern Great Barrier Reef. #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Emma V. Reed, Julia E. Cole, Janice M. Lough, Diane Thompson, Neal E. Cantin # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019-02-01 # Published_Title: Linking climate variability and growth in coral skeletal records from the Great Barrier Reef # Journal_Name: Coral Reefs # Volume: 38 # Edition: # Issue: 1 # Pages: 29-43 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1007/s00338-018-01755-8 # Online_Resource: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00338-018-01755-8 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The remoteness of the northern Great Barrier Reef makes observations of environmental change and coral health sparse, but provides opportunities for paleoclimate and paleoecology proxies to contribute new insights into coral health in a changing climate. These proxies include geochemical measures (d18O, d13C, and Sr/Ca) that track sea surface temperature (SST), salinity, and physiological processes; luminescence, which records freshwater input; and annual growth parameters (density, extension, and calcification). Merging these approaches provides insight into the historical role of environmental variability in coral health. This study uses Porites spp. corals from five sites on the northern Great Barrier Reef (12-13.5S) to produce combined monthly resolved records of geochemistry, growth banding, and luminescence between 1972 and 2008. We demonstrate that SST reconstructed from Sr/Ca accurately captures Indo-Pacific Warm Pool variability, and hydrological proxies (luminescence and seawater d18O) accurately reconstruct summer rainfall and river discharge in nearshore corals. Concurrent Sr/Ca minima and density and luminescence peaks from two sites demonstrate that high-density bands are generally formed during summer at these sites, which aids the development of future coral paleoclimate and paleoecology chronologies. Regional hydrological proxies showed more consistent responses to El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events than SST proxies, in agreement with instrumental data. Because these corals, like instrumental records, show no consistently large ENSO heat extremes, we find no consistent growth anomalies during historical ENSO events. Our results highlight the unusual nature of recent widespread and severe coral bleaching and establish groundwork for exploring the response of northern GBR corals to past climate variations. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: ATM-CAREER #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Eel Reef # Location: Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Western Pacific Ocean # Northernmost_Latitude: -12.50 # Southernmost_Latitude: -12.50 # Easternmost_Longitude: 143.52 # Westernmost_Longitude: 143.52 # Elevation: -3 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Reed2019Eel # First_Year: 1978 # Last_Year: 1990 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: 0.24 # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: All chronologies based on summer/winter geochemical tie points (2/yr) before the date of core collection # # Depth Age # 13 -0.5 # 19 0 # 34 0.5 # 41 1 # 54 1.5 # 63 2 # 75 2.5 # 85 3 # 99 3.5 # 107 4 # 114 4.5 # 127 5 # 134 5.5 # 147 6 # 156 6.5 # 167 7 # 177 7.5 # 192 8 # 203 8.5 # 212 9 # 217 9.5 # 230 10 # 234 10.5 # depth SrCa # 1 0.009112205 # 2 0.00908197 # 3 0.009096944 # 4 0.009048747 # 5 0.009011013 # 6 0.008982401 # 7 0.008984982 # 8 0.008955442 # 9 0.008956672 # 10 0.008954752 # 11 0.008970498 # 12 0.008956795 # 13 0.008950206 # 14 0.008976199 # 15 0.009013777 # 16 0.009085941 # 17 0.009129795 # 18 0.009158564 # 19 0.009189898 # 20 0.009187506 # 21 0.009167572 # 22 0.009133187 # 23 0.009081214 # 24 0.009051198 # 25 0.009033176 # 26 0.009042466 # 27 0.008993008 # 28 0.008997842 # 29 0.009008059 # 30 0.009012609 # 31 0.009020297 # 32 0.008983458 # 33 0.009001303 # 34 0.008967373 # 35 0.008991528 # 36 0.009036521 # 37 0.009019283 # 38 0.009087792 # 39 0.009131755 # 40 0.009158394 # 41 0.009228279 # 42 0.009222085 # 43 0.009190787 # 44 0.009149163 # 45 0.009150414 # 46 0.009118672 # 47 0.009076498 # 48 0.00906216 # 49 0.009061183 # 50 0.009017118 # 51 0.009004248 # 52 0.009004681 # 53 0.009003563 # 54 0.008958424 # 55 0.009018129 # 56 0.008996917 # 57 0.008991583 # 58 0.009028409 # 59 0.009064336 # 60 0.009115584 # 61 0.009131991 # 62 0.00913974 # 63 0.00917897 # 64 0.009173585 # 65 0.009157543 # 66 0.009156779 # 67 0.009131659 # 68 0.0090873 # 69 0.009061533 # 70 0.009007503 # 71 0.009019837 # 72 0.008995677 # 73 0.008979097 # 74 0.008970077 # 75 0.008959432 # 76 0.0089703 # 77 0.008990587 # 78 0.008999242 # 79 0.009004982 # 80 0.009020146 # 81 0.009043109 # 82 0.009060815 # 83 0.009097452 # 84 0.009144145 # 85 0.009159305 # 86 0.009121093 # 87 0.009107219 # 88 0.009093443 # 89 0.009054218 # 90 0.009026143 # 91 0.009001385 # 92 0.009001227 # 93 0.008987741 # 94 0.008980751 # 95 0.008972765 # 96 0.008955396 # 97 0.008958123 # 98 0.008962157 # 99 0.008954869 # 100 0.008970408 # 101 0.009012619 # 102 0.00899308 # 103 0.009070114 # 104 0.009099814 # 105 0.00911766 # 106 0.009153711 # 107 0.009189988 # 108 0.009173604 # 109 0.009121241 # 110 0.009079448 # 111 0.009031078 # 112 0.008983641 # 113 0.008975954 # 114 0.008942744 # 115 0.008958538 # 116 0.008991155 # 117 0.00899938 # 118 0.008999247 # 119 0.008979167 # 120 0.008977812 # 121 0.008973487 # 122 0.00901984 # 123 0.009090553 # 124 0.009106204 # 125 0.009141361 # 126 0.009167882 # 127 0.009219346 # 128 0.009177934 # 129 0.009181487 # 130 0.009149925 # 131 0.009080688 # 132 0.009069725 # 133 0.008991391 # 134 0.008918985 # 135 0.00894339 # 136 0.008980719 # 137 0.008965025 # 138 0.008937727 # 139 0.008955378 # 140 0.008993966 # 141 0.008973057 # 142 0.008993512 # 143 0.008980087 # 144 0.009025915 # 145 0.009067414 # 146 0.009129741 # 147 0.009238905 # 148 0.009227769 # 149 0.009150957 # 150 0.009125147 # 151 0.008965567 # 152 0.008989987 # 153 0.009014772 # 154 0.008964152 # 155 0.008951018 # 156 0.008931944 # 157 0.008981878 # 158 0.008940954 # 159 0.008956582 # 160 0.00895391 # 161 0.008996176 # 162 0.009022407 # 163 0.009063997 # 164 0.009080879 # 165 0.009105164 # 166 0.009156096 # 167 0.009202139 # 168 0.009193845 # 169 0.009127029 # 170 0.009178435 # 171 0.009137172 # 172 0.009085583 # 173 0.009046307 # 174 0.008980635 # 175 0.008936328 # 176 0.008919542 # 177 0.008871402 # 178 0.008874356 # 179 0.00893842 # 180 0.008916793 # 181 0.008915244 # 182 0.008919214 # 183 0.008950576 # 184 0.008975491 # 185 0.008996776 # 186 0.009045372 # 187 0.009059949 # 188 0.009070944 # 189 0.009028466 # 190 0.009099102 # 191 0.009087202 # 192 0.009126413 # 193 0.009092537 # 194 0.009022518 # 195 0.009043348 # 196 0.009007416 # 197 0.00894306 # 198 0.008932133 # 199 0.008971921 # 200 0.008960354 # 201 0.00897256 # 202 0.008956615 # 203 0.008925695 # 204 0.008944436 # 205 0.009004113 # 206 0.009029518 # 207 0.009093288 # 208 0.009028621 # 209 0.009142354 # 210 0.009145097 # 212 0.009152076 # 213 0.009083952 # 214 0.009082714 # 215 0.009006509 # 216 0.008973161 # 217 0.008952551 # 218 0.008987221 # 219 0.008979126 # 220 0.008989932 # 221 0.0089831 # 222 0.008980866 # 223 0.00897357 # 224 0.009009013 # 225 0.008989566 # 226 0.009050353 # 227 0.009095327 # 228 0.009080407 # 229 0.00914666 # 230 0.009191068 # 231 0.009154481 # 232 0.008995833 # 233 0.009090269 # 234 0.008923918 # 235 0.008989679 # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_mm depth,,,millimeter,,Corals and Sclerosponges;Climate Reconstructions,,,N,linearly interpolated between summer/winter tie points ## age_AD age,,,year Common Era,,Corals and Sclerosponges;Climate Reconstructions,,,N, ## Sr/Ca strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,,millimole per mole,,Corals and Sclerosponges,,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,analytical precision of ± 0.023 mmol/mol ## d18O delta 18O,Porites sp.,,per mil VPDB,,Corals and Sclerosponges,,dual-inlet isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,analytical precision of ± 0.08 per mil ## d13C delta 13C,Porites sp.,,per mil VPDB,,Corals and Sclerosponges,,dual-inlet isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,analytical precision of ± 0.05 per mil ## density density,Porites sp.,,gram per cubic centimeter,,Corals and Sclerosponges,,gamma ray densitometry,N, ## lum luminescence,Porites sp.,,dimensionless,,Corals and Sclerosponges,,luminescence spectroscopy,N, ## SSTr sea surface temperature,strontium/calcium,,degree Celsius,,Corals and Sclerosponges;Climate Reconstructions,,regression analysis,N,Calibrated using weighted least squares with ERSSTv3b # #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: nan # depth_mm age_AD Sr/Ca d18O d13C density lum SSTr 234 1979.12 8.92392 -5.143 -2.021 1.52933 0.612646 29.6374 233.333 1979.21 9.03482 -5.06167 -1.84167 1.52103 0.627757 27.4771 232.667 1979.29 9.05879 -4.94367 -1.73767 1.53576 0.623563 27.0102 232 1979.38 8.99583 -4.616 -2.238 1.51431 0.613369 28.2365 231.333 1979.46 9.1016 -4.37533 -2.153 1.50636 0.615816 26.1763 230.667 1979.54 9.16668 -4.22333 -2.06367 1.48741 0.61067 24.9086 230 1979.62 9.19107 -4.117 -1.965 1.45167 0.614189 24.4335 227.833 1979.71 9.08289 -4.3965 -1.556 1.4034 0.600974 26.5407 225.667 1979.79 9.03009 -4.45 -1.489 1.43849 0.612727 27.5692 223.5 1979.88 8.99129 -4.8495 -1.5085 1.47019 0.642401 28.325 221.333 1979.96 8.98236 -4.905 -1.582 1.47725 0.60082 28.4991 219.167 1980.04 8.98093 -5.08 -1.7185 1.5275 0.569193 28.5269 217 1980.12 8.95255 -5.136 -1.901 1.59855 0.603264 29.0797 216.167 1980.21 8.96973 -4.987 -1.978 1.61298 0.59642 28.7451 215.333 1980.29 8.99539 -4.893 -1.712 1.61838 0.59539 28.2451 214.5 1980.38 9.04461 -4.696 -1.819 1.61373 0.579447 27.2864 213.667 1980.46 9.08313 -4.574 -1.886 1.60128 0.574192 26.5361 212.833 1980.54 9.09531 -4.339 -1.745 1.56914 0.556432 26.2989 212 1980.62 9.15208 -4.233 -1.786 1.55008 0.578711 25.193 210.5 1980.71 9.14684 -4.403 -1.8025 1.48603 0.613548 25.295 209 1980.79 9.14235 -4.554 -1.602 1.47752 0.604132 25.3824 207.5 1980.88 9.06095 -4.675 -1.583 1.49416 0.586371 26.968 206 1980.96 9.02952 -4.852 -1.739 1.5055 0.685819 27.5804 204.5 1981.04 8.97427 -5.039 -2.0845 1.49979 0.711486 28.6565 203 1981.12 8.92569 -5.319 -2.161 1.47292 0.656127 29.6028 201.167 1981.21 8.9699 -5.184 -1.929 1.49566 0.590991 28.7417 199.333 1981.29 8.96807 -5.09 -1.802 1.52601 0.580531 28.7775 197.5 1981.38 8.9376 -4.801 -2.071 1.55065 0.585592 29.371 195.667 1981.46 9.01939 -4.692 -1.909 1.55893 0.568404 27.7776 193.833 1981.54 9.03419 -4.507 -2.079 1.53666 0.575128 27.4894 192 1981.62 9.12641 -4.371 -1.681 1.47147 0.580424 25.6929 189.5 1981.71 9.06378 -4.387 -1.623 1.44498 0.579535 26.9129 187 1981.79 9.05995 -4.57 -1.697 1.42141 0.582229 26.9876 184.5 1981.88 8.98613 -4.841 -1.742 1.44198 0.64469 28.4255 182 1981.96 8.91921 -4.952 -1.977 1.44149 0.690726 29.729 179.5 1982.04 8.92761 -5.029 -1.968 1.52545 0.579367 29.5656 177 1982.12 8.8714 -5.077 -1.89 1.55893 0.577093 30.6604 175.333 1982.21 8.93073 -5.01 -1.988 1.51599 0.592117 29.5047 173.667 1982.29 9.00253 -4.739 -1.985 1.49803 0.594455 28.1062 172 1982.38 9.08558 -4.511 -2.022 1.43636 0.586073 26.4883 170.333 1982.46 9.16468 -4.324 -1.933 1.37895 0.600236 24.9475 168.667 1982.54 9.1493 -4.138 -1.9795 1.31845 0.566969 25.2471 167 1982.62 9.20214 -3.98 -1.793 1.32387 0.568867 24.2178 165.167 1982.71 9.11365 -4.218 -1.71167 1.33085 0.582284 25.9415 163.333 1982.79 9.06962 -4.42467 -1.69267 1.31457 0.569498 26.7991 161.5 1982.88 9.00929 -4.682 -1.588 1.38502 0.567042 27.9744 159.667 1982.96 8.9548 -4.815 -1.74367 1.41354 0.594783 29.0358 157.833 1983.04 8.94777 -4.85833 -1.89575 1.45457 0.579324 29.1727 156 1983.12 8.93194 -4.923 -2.016 1.42414 0.573936 29.4811 154.5 1983.21 8.95759 -4.75817 -1.92333 1.36905 0.591295 28.9816 153 1983.29 9.01477 -4.826 -1.75067 1.33782 0.582618 27.8676 151.5 1983.38 8.97778 -4.689 -1.719 1.31184 0.573252 28.5883 150 1983.46 9.12515 -4.39867 -1.75267 1.26347 0.600126 25.7176 148.5 1983.54 9.18936 -4.23233 -1.87517 1.22156 0.596413 24.4667 147 1983.62 9.2389 -4.087 -1.502 1.25471 0.655327 23.5017 144.833 1983.71 9.0605 -4.26967 -1.542 1.34892 0.698556 26.9769 142.667 1983.79 8.98456 -4.613 -1.53167 1.36403 0.586313 28.4561 140.5 1983.88 8.98351 -4.5815 -1.7845 1.43639 0.552291 28.4766 138.333 1983.96 8.94361 -4.59733 -1.47133 1.50619 0.598592 29.2538 136.167 1984.04 8.9781 -4.87083 -1.87433 1.46691 0.567335 28.5819 134 1984.12 8.91898 -5.481 -2.289 1.41558 0.589762 29.7335 132.833 1984.21 9.00445 -5.15217 -1.95833 1.36388 0.607638 28.0688 131.667 1984.29 9.07338 -4.77467 -1.96767 1.31556 0.570456 26.726 130.5 1984.38 9.11531 -4.641 -1.892 1.29394 0.559695 25.9093 129.333 1984.46 9.17097 -4.32533 -1.871 1.30601 0.584106 24.8251 128.167 1984.54 9.17853 -4.251 -2.0035 1.31709 0.589599 24.6778 127 1984.62 9.21935 -4.182 -1.916 1.32587 0.651374 23.8827 124.833 1984.71 9.1355 -4.344 -1.72167 1.29634 0.718864 25.5159 122.667 1984.79 9.06698 -4.45267 -1.683 1.37525 0.656718 26.8506 120.5 1984.88 8.97565 -4.672 -1.744 1.40332 0.566593 28.6297 118.333 1984.96 8.99255 -4.93333 -1.94833 1.45783 0.563296 28.3004 116.167 1985.04 8.99253 -5.06067 -2.04567 1.44664 0.559127 28.301 114 1985.12 8.94274 -5.26 -2.392 1.37097 0.573694 29.2707 112.833 1985.21 8.97723 -5.227 -2.11133 1.31569 0.542917 28.5988 111.667 1985.29 8.99945 -5.06967 -2.06733 1.25371 0.546548 28.166 110.5 1985.38 9.05526 -4.761 -1.906 1.25674 0.56711 27.0789 109.333 1985.46 9.10731 -4.49833 -1.98033 1.2382 0.59053 26.0651 108.167 1985.54 9.16488 -4.245 -1.901 1.25057 0.597209 24.9437 107 1985.62 9.18999 -4.148 -1.851 1.28573 0.635945 24.4545 105.667 1985.71 9.14169 -4.28933 -1.71267 1.28575 0.607307 25.3953 104.333 1985.79 9.10576 -4.73867 -1.72833 1.25707 0.587156 26.0952 103 1985.88 9.07011 -4.86 -1.94 1.27714 0.55111 26.7896 101.667 1985.96 8.99959 -5.04667 -2.44667 1.29999 0.529962 28.1633 100.333 1986.04 8.98448 -5.09333 -1.74667 1.31759 0.569427 28.4577 99 1986.12 8.95487 -5.18 -1.97 1.33471 0.56579 29.0345 96.667 1986.21 8.95721 -5.09 -1.99667 1.39713 0.582613 28.9888 94.333 1986.29 8.97809 -5.03 -1.93667 1.37778 0.577685 28.5822 92 1986.38 9.00123 -4.85 -1.8 1.3107 0.663572 28.1315 89.667 1986.46 9.0355 -4.77333 -1.84333 1.29268 0.606721 27.4638 87.333 1986.54 9.10263 -4.63333 -1.83667 1.27925 0.62181 26.1563 85 1986.62 9.1593 -4.4 -1.83 1.20895 0.592408 25.0522 83.333 1986.71 9.11302 -4.4 -1.74 1.22144 0.667386 25.9539 81.667 1986.79 9.05491 -4.67 -1.54 1.25708 0.681818 27.0857 80 1986.88 9.02015 -4.79 -1.58 1.28728 0.60813 27.763 78.333 1986.96 9.00116 -4.83 -1.69 1.25718 0.561017 28.1329 76.667 1987.04 8.98382 -4.97 -2.11 1.28082 0.576635 28.4705 75 1987.12 8.95943 -5.16 -2.04 1.35086 0.628159 28.9456 73 1987.21 8.9791 -4.88333 -1.92 1.37487 0.633016 28.5626 71 1987.29 9.01984 -4.80333 -1.83667 1.33852 0.598733 27.769 69 1987.38 9.06153 -4.64 -1.89 1.27817 0.592127 26.9568 67 1987.46 9.13166 -4.47333 -1.85 1.29018 0.58596 25.5907 65 1987.54 9.15754 -4.45333 -1.79 1.29701 0.603123 25.0865 63 1987.62 9.17897 -4.29 -1.86 1.29768 0.590402 24.6692 61.5 1987.71 9.13587 -4.36167 -1.65167 1.33962 0.593353 25.5088 60 1987.79 9.11558 -4.58667 -1.54333 1.33782 0.563008 25.9039 58.5 1987.88 9.04637 -4.8 -1.61 1.3434 0.57532 27.2521 57 1987.96 8.99158 -4.89 -1.75667 1.34184 0.578108 28.3193 55.5 1988.04 9.00752 -5.00667 -2.01167 1.34308 0.593455 28.0088 54 1988.12 8.95842 -5.02 -2.16 1.38828 0.662314 28.9652 51.833 1988.21 9.00461 -4.935 -1.655 1.45625 0.649825 28.0656 49.667 1988.29 9.03181 -4.85 -1.68 1.47359 0.67823 27.5358 47.5 1988.38 9.06933 -4.665 -1.63 1.45573 0.660452 26.8049 45.333 1988.46 9.13983 -4.45 -1.73 1.42642 0.643727 25.4315 43.167 1988.54 9.18385 -4.355 -1.745 1.43309 0.612256 24.5741 41 1988.62 9.22828 -4.31 -1.77 1.39525 0.638458 23.7086 39.833 1988.71 9.15395 -4.48667 -1.74833 1.38187 0.682307 25.1564 38.667 1988.79 9.1171 -4.72333 -1.55333 1.36427 0.69628 25.8743 37.5 1988.88 9.05354 -4.97 -2.05 1.3625 0.674095 27.1125 36.333 1988.96 9.03077 -5.05667 -1.97 1.37559 0.694401 27.5559 35.167 1989.04 8.99903 -5.17167 -1.91667 1.37453 0.725868 28.1743 34 1989.12 8.96737 -5.2 -1.93 1.37333 0.739588 28.7909 31.5 1989.21 9.00188 -5.055 -1.875 1.38274 0.866195 28.1188 29 1989.29 9.00806 -4.93 -2.02 1.42067 0.734769 27.9984 26.5 1989.38 9.01774 -4.75 -1.94 1.45995 0.802422 27.8099 24 1989.46 9.0512 -4.52 -1.88 1.38233 0.856681 27.1581 21.5 1989.54 9.15038 -4.42 -1.745 1.37449 0.85545 25.2261 19 1989.62 9.1899 -4.37 -1.86 1.30834 0.962478 24.4563 18 1989.71 9.15856 -4.48333 -1.96667 1.27204 0.981857 25.0666 17 1989.79 9.1298 -4.68333 -1.86 1.25336 1.03872 25.6271 16 1989.88 9.08594 -4.94 -2.04 1.21923 1.01601 26.4813 15 1989.96 9.01378 -4.98 -1.94667 1.2109 1.03376 27.887 14 1990.04 8.9762 -5.12667 -1.96 1.23095 1.12753 28.619 13 1990.12 8.95021 -5.17 -1.9 1.23718 1.14651 29.1253