# Chipman fire data from Upper Capsule Lake, North Slope, Alaska - IMPD USUP-001 #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19542 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usup-001.txt # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/usup-001-charanalysis-param.csv # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/usup-001-charanalysis-data.csv # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/usup-001-charaanalysis-results.csv # # Archive: Fire History # # Parameter_Keywords: Charcoal Sediments #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2015-12-01 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Chipman fire data from Upper Capsule Lake, North Slope, Alaska - IMPD USUP-001 #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Chipman, Melissa L.; Hudspith, Vicky; Higuera, Philip E.; Duffy, Paul A.; Kelly, Ryan, Oswald, Wyatt W.; Hu, Feng Sheng #--------------------------------------- # Description and Notes # Description: Chronology and macroscopic charcoal counts (number of pieces >125 microns) from lake sediments, Upper Capsule Lake, North Slope, Alaska. # # Provided Keywords: tundra fire-regimes, Arctic, Alaska # # Additional Information: # Contact person: Feng Sheng Hu # Sample storage location: University of Illinois, Urbana. # Sampling date: 1997 # Site size(ha): 1.1 # Location description: Tussock-sedge, dwarf shrub tundra # State/Province: Alaska # Water depth(cm): 5.7 # Sampling device: All cores were taken with a combination of 7.5 cm livingstone, 5 cm livingstone, and 7.5 cm polycarbonate tube; # Analysis method: Macroscopic charcoal counts (>125 microns). Please see Chipman et al. 2015 for details #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Chipman, M.L., Hudspith, V., Higuera, P.E., Duffy, P.A., Kelly, R., Oswald, W.W., and F.S. Hu # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015 # Published_Title: Spatiotemporal patterns of tundra fires: late-Quaternary charcoal records from Alaska # Journal_Name: Biogeosciences # Volume: 12 # Issue: # Pages: 4017-4027 # Report Number: # DOI: doi:10.5194/bg-12-4017-2015 # Abstract: Anthropogenic climate change has altered many ecosystem processes in the Arctic tundra and may have resulted in unprecedented fire activity. Evaluating the significance of recent fires requires knowledge from the paleofire record because observational data in the Arctic span only several decades, much shorter than the natural fire rotation in Arctic tundra regions. Here we report results of charcoal analysis on lake sediments from four Alaskan lakes to infer the broad spatial and temporal patterns of tundra-fire occurrence over the past 35 000 years. Background charcoal accumulation rates are low in all records (0-0.05 pieces cm-2 yr-1), suggesting minimal biomass burning across our study areas. Charcoal peak analysis reveals that the mean fire-return interval (FRI; years between consecutive fire events) ranged from ca. 1650 to 6050 years at our sites, and that the most recent fire events occurred from ca. 880 to 7030 years ago, except for the CE 2007 Anaktuvuk River Fire. These mean FRI estimates are longer than the fire rotation periods estimated for the past 63 years in the areas surrounding three of the four study lakes. This result suggests that the frequency of tundra burning was higher over the recent past compared to the late Quaternary in some tundra regions. However, the ranges of FRI estimates from our paleofire records overlap with the expected values based on fire-rotation-period estimates from the observational fire data, and the differences are statistically insignificant. Together with previous tundra-fire reconstructions, these data suggest that the rate of tundra burning was spatially variable and that fires were extremely rare in our study areas throughout the late Quaternary. Given the rarity of tundra burning over multiple millennia in our study areas and the pronounced effects of fire on tundra ecosystem processes such as carbon cycling, dramatic tundra ecosystem changes are expected if anthropogenic climate change leads to more frequent tundra fires. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: NSF # Grant: ARC-1023477 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: NSF # Grant: ARC-1023669 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: EPA STAR # Grant: Doctoral award to MLC #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Upper Capsule Lake # Location: Alaska # Country: USA # Northernmost_Latitude: 68.6286 # Southernmost_Latitude: 68.6286 # Easternmost_Longitude: -149.413528 # Westernmost_Longitude: -149.413528 # Elevation: 800 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: USUP-001 CHAR # First_Year: 12100 # Last_Year: -47 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: 3.29 # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology: # # Labcode # depth_top # depth_bottom # mat.dated # 14C.raw # 14C.raw_err # datemeth # calib.14C # calib.14C_2sig_lo # calib.14C_2sig_up # calib_method # rejected # notes # # Labcode depth_top depth_bottom mat.dated 14C.raw 14C.raw_err datemeth calib.14C calib.14C_2sig_lo calib.14C_2sig_up calib_method rejected notes # CAMS 66740 75 76 Moss 1670 50 Lead_210 1577 1427 1696 14C_AMS NaN Intcal09 # CAMS 54634 100 101 Betula and other leaves 650 80 Lead_210 614 530 725 14C_AMS YES Intcal09 # --- 155 157 Average of 2 dates 3705 67 Lead_210 4047 3875 4249 14C_AMS NaN Intcal09 # CAMS64013 207 208 Terrestrial moss 1070 50 Lead_210 984 896 1113 14C_AMS YES Intcal09 # CAMS 54635 230 231 Woody/semi-woody 6610 60 Lead_210 7503 7429 7583 14C_AMS NaN Intcal09 # CAMS 66744 250 251 Terrestrial moss 8200 50 Lead_210 9161 9029 9355 14C_AMS NaN Intcal09 # CAMS 54636 260 261 Leaf. Moss, gramminoid 8220 50 Lead_210 9186 9036 9383 14C_AMS NaN Intcal09 # --- 310 311 Average of 6 dates 9957 32 Lead_210 11356 11267 11593 14C_AMS NaN Intcal09 # CAMS 54637 325 326 Plant and wood frags. 9790 50 Lead_210 11214 11132 11281 14C_AMS YES Intcal09 # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## depth-cm-top Depth,,,cm ,,,top depth,,N ## depth-cm-bottom Depth,,,cm ,,,bottom depth,,N ## age-calBP-top Age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,top of sample,,N ## age-calBP-bottom Age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,bottom of sample,,N ## vol-wetsed Volume,wet sediment,,ml,,Fire History,used for charcoal counts,,N ## char>125um Charcoal,,,count,,Fire History,> 125 um,,N #------------------------ # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: -999 depth-cm-top depth-cm-bottom age-calBP-top age-calBP-bottom vol-wetsed char>125um 0.00 1.00 -47.0 -27.6 1.0 1 1.00 2.00 -27.6 -8.2 2.0 0 2.00 3.00 -8.2 11.1 2.0 0 3.00 4.00 11.1 30.5 2.0 0 4.00 5.00 30.5 49.9 2.0 0 5.00 6.00 49.9 69.4 1.0 0 6.00 7.00 69.4 88.8 2.0 0 7.00 8.00 88.8 108.2 2.0 0 8.00 9.00 108.2 127.7 2.0 0 9.00 10.00 127.7 147.2 0.5 0 10.00 11.00 147.2 166.7 1.0 0 11.00 12.00 166.7 186.2 2.0 0 12.00 13.00 186.2 205.7 2.0 0 13.00 14.00 205.7 225.3 2.0 0 14.00 15.00 225.3 244.9 2.0 0 15.00 16.00 244.9 264.6 1.0 0 16.00 17.00 264.6 284.3 2.0 0 17.00 18.00 284.3 304.0 2.0 0 18.00 19.00 304.0 323.8 2.0 0 19.00 20.00 323.8 343.6 2.0 0 20.00 21.00 343.6 363.4 2.0 0 21.00 22.00 363.4 383.3 2.0 0 22.00 23.00 383.3 403.3 2.0 0 23.00 24.00 403.3 423.3 2.0 0 24.00 25.00 423.3 443.4 2.0 0 25.00 26.00 443.4 463.5 2.0 0 26.00 27.00 463.5 483.6 2.0 0 27.00 28.00 483.6 503.9 2.0 0 28.00 29.00 503.9 524.2 2.0 0 29.00 30.00 524.2 544.5 2.0 0 30.00 31.00 544.5 565.0 2.0 0 31.00 32.00 565.0 585.5 2.0 0 32.00 33.00 585.5 606.0 2.0 0 33.00 34.00 606.0 626.7 2.0 0 34.00 35.00 626.7 647.4 2.0 0 35.00 36.00 647.4 668.2 2.0 0 36.00 37.00 668.2 689.1 2.0 0 37.00 38.00 689.1 710.1 2.0 0 38.00 39.00 710.1 731.1 2.0 0 39.00 40.00 731.1 752.3 2.0 0 40.00 41.00 752.3 773.5 2.0 0 41.00 42.00 773.5 794.8 2.0 0 42.00 43.00 794.8 816.2 2.0 0 43.00 44.00 816.2 837.8 2.0 2 44.00 45.00 837.8 859.4 2.0 0 45.00 46.00 859.4 881.1 2.0 0 46.00 47.00 881.1 902.9 2.0 0 47.00 48.00 902.9 924.8 2.0 0 48.00 49.00 924.8 946.9 2.0 0 49.00 50.00 946.9 969.0 2.0 0 50.00 51.00 969.0 991.3 2.0 0 51.00 52.00 991.3 1013.7 2.0 0 52.00 53.00 1013.7 1036.2 2.0 0 53.00 54.00 1036.2 1058.8 2.0 2 54.00 55.00 1058.8 1081.5 2.0 0 55.00 56.00 1081.5 1104.4 2.0 0 56.00 57.00 1104.4 1127.4 2.0 0 57.00 58.00 1127.4 1150.5 2.0 0 58.00 59.00 1150.5 1173.7 2.0 1 59.00 60.00 1173.7 1197.1 2.0 0 60.00 61.00 1197.1 1220.6 2.0 0 61.00 62.00 1220.6 1244.3 2.0 0 62.00 63.00 1244.3 1268.1 2.0 0 63.00 64.00 1268.1 1292.0 2.0 0 64.00 65.00 1292.0 1316.1 2.0 0 65.00 66.00 1316.1 1340.3 2.0 0 66.00 67.00 1340.3 1364.7 2.0 0 67.00 68.00 1364.7 1389.2 2.0 1 68.00 69.00 1389.2 1413.9 2.0 0 69.00 70.00 1413.9 1438.8 2.0 0 70.00 71.00 1438.8 1463.8 2.0 0 71.00 72.00 1463.8 1488.9 2.0 0 72.00 73.00 1488.9 1514.2 2.0 0 73.00 74.00 1514.2 1539.7 2.0 0 74.00 75.00 1539.7 1565.4 2.0 0 75.00 76.00 1565.4 1591.2 -999 -999 76.00 77.00 1591.2 1617.2 2.0 0 77.00 78.00 1617.2 1643.3 2.0 0 78.00 79.00 1643.3 1669.7 2.0 0 79.00 80.00 1669.7 1696.2 2.0 0 80.00 81.00 1696.2 1722.8 2.0 0 81.00 82.00 1722.8 1749.6 2.0 0 82.00 83.00 1749.6 1776.6 2.0 1 83.00 84.00 1776.6 1803.7 2.0 0 84.00 85.00 1803.7 1831.0 2.0 0 85.00 86.00 1831.0 1858.4 2.0 0 86.00 87.00 1858.4 1886.0 2.0 0 87.00 88.00 1886.0 1913.7 2.0 0 88.00 89.00 1913.7 1941.6 2.0 0 89.00 90.00 1941.6 1969.6 2.0 0 90.00 91.00 1969.6 1997.8 2.0 0 91.00 92.00 1997.8 2026.1 2.0 0 92.00 93.00 2026.1 2054.6 2.0 0 93.00 94.00 2054.6 2083.1 2.0 0 94.00 95.00 2083.1 2111.8 2.0 0 95.00 96.00 2111.8 2140.7 2.0 0 96.00 97.00 2140.7 2169.7 2.0 0 97.00 98.00 2169.7 2198.8 2.0 0 98.00 99.00 2198.8 2228.0 2.0 0 99.00 100.00 2228.0 2257.4 2.0 1 100.00 101.00 2257.4 2286.8 -999 -999 101.00 102.00 2286.8 2316.4 2.0 1 102.00 103.00 2316.4 2346.2 2.0 0 103.00 104.00 2346.2 2376.0 2.0 0 104.00 105.00 2376.0 2406.0 2.0 2 105.00 106.00 2406.0 2436.0 2.0 1 106.00 107.00 2436.0 2466.2 2.0 0 107.00 108.00 2466.2 2496.5 2.0 0 108.00 109.00 2496.5 2526.9 2.0 0 109.00 110.00 2526.9 2557.4 2.0 0 110.00 111.00 2557.4 2588.0 2.0 0 111.00 112.00 2588.0 2618.7 2.0 0 112.00 113.00 2618.7 2649.5 2.0 0 113.00 114.00 2649.5 2680.4 2.0 0 114.00 115.00 2680.4 2711.4 2.0 0 115.00 116.00 2711.4 2742.5 2.0 0 116.00 117.00 2742.5 2773.6 2.0 1 117.00 118.00 2773.6 2804.9 2.0 0 118.00 119.00 2804.9 2836.3 2.0 0 119.00 120.00 2836.3 2867.7 2.0 1 120.00 121.00 2867.7 2899.2 2.0 0 121.00 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3874.3 2.0 0 151.00 152.00 3874.3 3907.4 2.0 0 152.00 153.00 3907.4 3940.6 2.0 0 153.00 154.00 3940.6 3973.8 2.0 1 154.00 155.00 3973.8 4007.0 2.0 0 155.00 156.00 4007.0 4040.2 -999 -999 156.00 157.00 4040.2 4073.5 -999 -999 157.00 158.00 4073.5 4106.7 2.0 0 158.00 159.00 4106.7 4140.0 2.0 0 159.00 160.00 4140.0 4173.4 2.0 0 160.00 161.00 4173.4 4206.8 2.0 0 161.00 162.00 4206.8 4240.4 2.0 1 162.00 163.00 4240.4 4274.0 2.0 0 163.00 164.00 4274.0 4307.7 2.0 0 164.00 165.00 4307.7 4341.6 2.0 0 165.00 166.00 4341.6 4375.6 2.0 0 166.00 167.00 4375.6 4409.8 2.0 0 167.00 168.00 4409.8 4444.1 2.0 1 168.00 169.00 4444.1 4478.6 2.0 1 169.00 170.00 4478.6 4513.4 2.0 0 170.00 171.00 4513.4 4548.3 2.0 0 171.00 172.00 4548.3 4583.5 2.0 1 172.00 173.00 4583.5 4618.9 2.0 0 173.00 174.00 4618.9 4654.6 2.0 0 174.00 175.00 4654.6 4690.5 2.0 0 175.00 176.00 4690.5 4726.7 2.0 0 176.00 177.00 4726.7 4763.3 2.0 1 177.00 178.00 4763.3 4800.1 2.0 0 178.00 179.00 4800.1 4837.3 2.0 0 179.00 180.00 4837.3 4874.8 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10730.9 2.0 0 296.00 297.00 10730.9 10773.4 2.0 1 297.00 298.00 10773.4 10816.0 2.0 0 298.00 299.00 10816.0 10858.7 2.0 0 299.00 300.00 10858.7 10901.5 2.0 0 300.00 301.00 10901.5 10944.3 2.0 0 301.00 302.00 10944.3 10987.2 2.0 0 302.00 303.00 10987.2 11030.2 2.0 0 303.00 304.00 11030.2 11073.2 2.0 0 304.00 305.00 11073.2 11116.3 2.0 1 305.00 306.00 11116.3 11159.4 2.0 0 306.00 307.00 11159.4 11202.5 2.0 1 307.00 308.00 11202.5 11245.6 2.0 1 308.00 309.00 11245.6 11288.8 2.0 1 309.00 310.00 11288.8 11332.0 2.0 0 310.00 311.00 11332.0 11375.1 -999 -999 311.00 312.00 11375.1 11418.3 2.0 0 312.00 313.00 11418.3 11461.5 2.0 0 313.00 314.00 11461.5 11504.6 2.0 0 314.00 315.00 11504.6 11547.8 2.0 0 315.00 316.00 11547.8 11590.9 2.0 0 316.00 317.00 11590.9 11633.9 2.0 1 317.00 318.00 11633.9 11676.9 2.0 0 318.00 319.00 11676.9 11719.9 2.0 0 319.00 320.00 11719.9 11762.8 2.0 0 320.00 321.00 11762.8 11805.6 2.0 0 321.00 322.00 11805.6 11848.4 2.0 0 322.00 323.00 11848.4 11891.1 2.0 0 323.00 324.00 11891.1 11933.7 2.0 0 324.00 325.00 11933.7 11976.2 2.0 0 325.00 326.00 11976.2 12018.6 -999 -999 326.00 327.00 12018.6 12061.0 2.0 0 327.00 328.00 12061.0 12103.2 2.0 0